Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordWe compared the herbage standing crop on 31 farms along a rainfall gradient in Namibia (southwestern Africa) in 1997 with the results attained for the same gradient by Walter (1939). We found that…Publication Date 2000-03-01
- Namibia
- environmental degradation
- desertification
- grasslands
- rain
- stocking rate
- biomass production
- overgrazing
- forage
- Africa
- rangelands
- historical records
- grazing
- rainfall
- Library Collection RecordIndependent digestion trials with 5 forages were conducted to compare n-alkane with indigestible acid-detergent fiber (IADF) as internal markers to predict in vivo dry matter digestibility (…Publication Date 2000-03-01
- digestibility markers
- alkanes
- indigestible acid-detergent fiber
- alfalfa
- alfalfa hay
- prediction
- feces composition
- fiber content
- hay
- digestibility
- cattle
- in vitro digestibility
- grasses
- forage
- maturity stage
- indigestible
- ADF
- hydrocarbon
- beef cattle
- Library Collection RecordHistorically, there have been several seminal achievements in management and utilization of privately-owned rangelands. The most important of the early achievements were domestication of livestock,…Publication Date 2000-01-01
- government research
- history
- land ownership
- agricultural research
- stocking rate
- prescribed burning
- overgrazing
- range management
- forage
- Library Collection RecordWe assessed the potential of activated charcoal to attenuate bitterweed (Hymenoxys odorata DC.) toxicosis in 3 trials. In Trial 1, lambs were offered a subacute level (.264% BW) of bitterweed and…Publication Date 2000-01-01
- sesquiterpenoid lactones
- detoxicants
- Hymenoxys odorata
- activated carbon
- sorghum
- dosage
- concentrates
- lambs
- biting rates
- poisonous weeds
- selective grazing
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordCarefully-managed livestock grazing has been offered as a tool to improve the forage quality of graminoids on big game winter range. Formal testing of this theory has thus far been done using hand…Publication Date 2000-01-01
- Festuca idahoensis
- Pseudoroegneria spicata
- Carex geyeri
- stems
- Carex
- savannas
- Cervus elaphus
- rain
- stocking rate
- Oregon
- crude protein
- shrubs
- sheep
- in vitro digestibility
- biomass
- canopy
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordRedberry juniper (Juniperus pinchotii Sudw.) is a common invasive brush species that reduces rangeland productivity over vast acreages in the Rolling Plains and Edwards Plateau regions of Texas. The…Publication Date 1999-11-01
- chaining
- timing
- Juniperus pinchotii
- costs and returns
- cost-benefit analysis
- brush control
- prescribed burning
- profitability
- biomass production
- Texas
- canopy
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThis study was designed to: 1) compare the landscape distribution patterns of bison on fire-managed prairie remnants in the tallgrass (Oklahoma), and mixed prairie (Nebraska); and 2) identify the…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- edaphic factors
- tallgrass prairie
- mixed prairie
- bison
- topography
- fire ecology
- fires
- fire effects
- forage quality
- animal preferences
- selective grazing
- Nebraska
- prescribed burning
- prairies
- botanical composition
- geographical distribution
- forage
- Library Collection RecordWhite-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus L.) feed heavily on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) throughout Pennsylvania. Attempts to reduce deer feeding on forage crops have proven too costly or…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- Phleum pratense
- crop losses
- vertebrate pests
- Medicago sativa
- Dactylis glomerata
- yield losses
- Pennsylvania
- forage quality
- Odocoileus virginianus
- selective grazing
- hay
- forage
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordThis research addresses the hypothesis that grazing intensity during and following drought can dramatically alter community level, post-drought recovery patterns. Research was conducted during the…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- warm-season grasses
- cool-season grasses
- timing
- annuals
- perennials
- precipitation
- biomass production
- grazing intensity
- prairies
- drought
- Montana
- rangelands
- grasses
- forage
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordCattle (Bos taurus) and vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus) diets were examined monthly in the semiarid caldénal in central Argentina. Cow-calf operations are the most important economic activities within…Publication Date 1999-07-01
- free range husbandry
- diversity
- Lagostomus maximus
- ambient temperature
- feces composition
- rain
- species differences
- grazing intensity
- diets
- cattle
- seasonal variation
- Argentina
- botanical composition
- grasses
- forage
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordTwo trials were conducted in 1994, 1995, and 1996 to determine the first limiting nutrient for summer calving cows grazing Sandhills range. In Trial 1, 48 lactating summer calving cows grazing native…Publication Date 1999-07-01
- soybean hulls
- tallow
- feather meal
- maize steep liquor
- protected protein
- digestible protein
- pregnancy rate
- breeding season
- birth weight
- dietary protein
- body condition
- liveweight gain
- calves
- ambient temperature
- body weight
- fiber content
- rain
- Nebraska
- beef cows
- soybean meal
- protein intake
- digestibility
- feed supplements
- grazing
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordBig sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) declined from ungulate browsing during the first half of the twentieth century on the Northern Yellowstone Winter Range. It was our objective to compare…Publication Date 1999-07-01
- Wyoming
- grazing intensity
- slopes
- Artemisia tridentata
- plant communities
- Odocoileus hemionus
- browsing damage
- shrubs
- Cervus elaphus canadensis
- canopy
- forage
- Library Collection RecordEstimates of forage use are often the basis for important management decisions (e.g., determining carrying capacity and setting stocking rates). Using both hypothetical and field data, we examine the…Publication Date 1999-03-01
- sample plot technique
- data analysis
- representative sampling
- estimation
- yields
- plant communities
- Cervus elaphus canadensis
- rangelands
- Utah
- forage
- Library Collection RecordJapanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb.) and downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), introduced annuals, have invaded many northern mixed-prairie plant communities. This study determined the effect of…Publication Date 1998-11-01
- density
- interspecific competition
- Bromus japonicus
- ambient temperature
- rain
- Bromus tectorum
- weight
- Pascopyrum smithii
- tillering
- tillers
- biomass
- Montana
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThe winter forage quality of bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum [Pursh] Scribn. &Smith) is generally inadequate for maintenance of wintering Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni…Publication Date 1998-09-01
- energy requirements
- developmental stages
- Pseudoroegneria spicata
- stubble
- protein content
- yields
- Cervus elaphus
- winter
- cutting
- digestibility
- crude protein
- phenology
- nutritive value
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordNative warm-season grass mixtures have been established on the Southern Plains under the USDA Conservation Reserve Program. We studied responses to N fertilizer on such pastures in western Oklahoma…Publication Date 1998-07-01
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- grassland improvement
- ground cover
- nitrogen fertilizers
- stocking rate
- Oklahoma
- Bouteloua gracilis
- grazing intensity
- application rates
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- beef cattle
- forage
- Library Collection RecordPhysical and chemical traits of grass tillers can be strongly correlated. Understanding such patterns would help define physiological development of tillers and changes in quality of forage in…Publication Date 1998-05-01
- Bouteloua
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- chlorophyll
- Calamovilfa longifolia
- ash
- hemicellulose
- cell walls
- Andropogon hallii
- lignin
- protein content
- fiber content
- Nebraska
- weight
- tillers
- in vitro digestibility
- botanical composition
- forage
- dry matter
- maturity stage
- Library Collection RecordIndicators of nutrient intake were compared for beef steers grazing tallgrass prairie managed with continuous grazing or 8-paddock short-duration grazing. Two replicates of each grazing system were…Publication Date 1998-01-01
- duodenum
- flow
- feeding level
- dietary protein
- organic matter
- continuous grazing
- range condition
- feces composition
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- Oklahoma
- steers
- digestibility
- digesta
- grazing intensity
- nitrogen content
- prairies
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordBurning and harvest frequency can affect the vigor of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), and indiangrass [Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash]. A field study was…Publication Date 1998-01-01
- Nebraska
- vigor
- Sorghastrum nutans
- Panicum virgatum
- weight
- harvesting frequency
- species differences
- prescribed burning
- Andropogon gerardii
- tillering
- tillers
- plant density
- biomass
- forage
- Library Collection RecordIn developing an improved understanding of the dynamics of understory plant composition and productivity in Coastal Plain forest ecosystems, we examined the influence of site preparation and…Publication Date 1998-01-01
- chopping
- Arkansas
- subsoil
- site preparation
- windrowing
- cultivation
- interspecific competition
- Pinus taeda
- phosphorus fertilizers
- 2,4-D
- Paspalum
- legumes
- understory
- ecological succession
- forest plantations
- Louisiana
- prescribed burning
- forbs
- biomass production
- shrubs
- Texas
- Pinus
- canopy
- grasses
- forage
- soil texture
- Library Collection RecordSeasonal changes in the botanical composition of diets and protein quality of forages consumed by cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) were monitored on disturbed and undisturbed upland…Publication Date 1997-09-01
- protein quality
- essential amino acids
- deciduous forests
- disturbed soils
- highlands
- Sylvilagus floridanus
- habitats
- protein content
- range condition
- chemical composition
- diet
- Oklahoma
- prairies
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- forage
- maturity stage
- Library Collection RecordA biophysical model, GRAZE, is used to simulate beef forage performance for stocker steers pastured on common bermudagrass. Eight alternative stocking rates, ranging from low to high grazing…Publication Date 1997-09-01
- biophysical simulation model
- Arkansas
- uncertainty
- Cynodon dactylon
- risk
- simulation models
- costs and returns
- grassland improvement
- market prices
- production costs
- liveweight gain
- rain
- stocking rate
- steers
- grazing intensity
- forage
- Library Collection RecordIn sacco dry matter degradability (DMD) of the most commonly consumed range forages by llamas and sheep in the arid highlands of Bolivia was measured during the wet and dry seasons to determine if…Publication Date 1997-07-01
- in sacco dry matter degradation
- degradation
- Bolivia
- llamas
- highlands
- arid lands
- digestibility
- kinetics
- shrubs
- sheep
- grasses
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordFeral horse habitat selection patterns and forage attributes on available habitats were studied on public rangelands of southcentral Wyoming. Environmental assessments preceding roundup of excess…Publication Date 1997-07-01
- wild animals
- patterns
- habitat selection
- horses
- palatability
- Wyoming
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordFederal land grazing fees have been set by a formula that uses a base rate developed from a 1966 study comparing total grazing costs on private and public lands. A similar market comparison was…Publication Date 1997-05-01
- valuation
- federal government
- permits
- leasing
- private ownership
- production costs
- Idaho
- Wyoming
- grazing
- New Mexico
- forage
- Library Collection RecordEstimates of carrying capacity for herbivores are useful for determining the relative value of different ranges. We compared 6 estimates of nutritional carrying capacity for white-tailed deer (…Publication Date 1997-01-01
- Zanthoxylum fagara
- digestible energy
- costs and returns
- grassland improvement
- semiarid grasslands
- carrying capacity
- estimation
- body weight
- Odocoileus virginianus
- natural grasslands
- shrubs
- nitrogen content
- Texas
- forage
- dry matter
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordEighty 2-year-old spring calving primiparous cows were assigned to 2 weaning and 2 grazing treatments (20 cows/treatment) from 7 September to 7 November in 1991, 1992, and 1993. Grazing treatments…Publication Date 1997-01-01
- subsurface irrigation
- dry periods
- lactation
- weaning
- lactation number
- irrigated pastures
- body condition
- liveweight gain
- calves
- body weight
- fiber content
- pastures
- Nebraska
- beef cows
- crude protein
- in vitro digestibility
- grazing
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this 2 year study was to identify the optimal height to graze Old World bluestem pasture in the Southern Great Plains under continuous stocking during the growing season. We…Publication Date 1996-11-01
- performance
- evaporation
- leaves
- roots
- stems
- liveweight gain
- continuous grazing
- ambient temperature
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- rain
- steers
- crude protein
- grazing intensity
- Texas
- biomass
- forage
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordThis paper sets out that the dynamics of the Sahelian rangeland vegetation can be interpreted as a cusp catastrophe and that this interpretation offers a promising basis for the description and…Publication Date 1996-11-01
- Sahel
- ecological balance
- annuals
- semiarid grasslands
- mathematical models
- perennials
- rain
- grazing intensity
- plant communities
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordOld World bluestems (Bothriochloa spp.) are extensively used throughout the Southern Plains. Interseeding these stands with persistent nitrogen-fixing legumes could reduce N fertilizer input, extend…Publication Date 1996-09-01
- Vicia villosa
- Trifolium hirtum
- interplanting
- Bothriochloa
- persistence
- protein content
- Oklahoma
- crude protein
- biomass production
- in vitro digestibility
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordInduced and natural tetraploids have been proposed as promising sources of germplasm in breeding programs to improve Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski]. Studies were conducted…Publication Date 1996-09-01
- crop quality
- Psathyrostachys juncea
- tetraploidy
- yields
- seeds
- seedlings
- water-use efficiency
- vigor
- crop yield
- forage
- Library Collection RecordA study was conducted to determine the influence of prescribed fire on the availability of primary foods of sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus Bonaparte) chicks at Hart Mountain National Antelope…Publication Date 1996-07-01
- insects
- chicks
- Centrocercus urophasianus
- game birds
- autumn
- foraging
- habitats
- Purshia tridentata
- species diversity
- spring
- prescribed burning
- Oregon
- Artemisia tridentata
- forage
- Library Collection RecordTwenty two-year-old primiparous Angus X Hereford cows and their heifer calves were used to study effects of milk consumption on calf performance, suckling behavior, and forage intake. Ten cow-calf…Publication Date 1996-07-01
- restricted feeding
- sucklings
- physical activity
- calves
- body weight
- fiber content
- feeding behavior
- voluntary intake
- digestibility
- digesta
- Bouteloua gracilis
- nitrogen content
- biomass
- New Mexico
- beef cattle
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordFourteen treatments of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers were applied in an overgrazed eight rangeland in northern Mexico, during 1990 and 1991. Eight treatments were applied using ammonium…Publication Date 1996-07-01
- ammonium nitrate
- urea
- phosphorus fertilizers
- cost-benefit analysis
- protein content
- Mexico
- ammonium sulfate
- yields
- rain
- water-use efficiency
- digestibility
- crude protein
- application rates
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordMineral concentrations of range grasses are often below that required by grazing livestock. Limited information is available on forage mineral concentrations for the Northern Great Plains and there…Publication Date 1996-05-01
- plant tissues
- requirements
- silty clay soil
- live tissue
- dead tissue
- silty soils
- zinc
- Cyperaceae
- molybdenum
- nutrient deficiencies
- Bromus japonicus
- mineral content
- loam soils
- clay soils
- rain
- sodium
- Bromus tectorum
- potassium
- forbs
- phosphorus
- magnesium
- calcium
- Poaceae
- Pascopyrum smithii
- seasonal variation
- Montana
- grasses
- forage
- maturity stage
- Library Collection RecordNormally the oceanic climate of Scotland maintains soils at low levels of soil water deficit. Field data for such a year are presented and compared with those for an unusually dry year, with the…Publication Date 1996-05-01
- cutting programs
- cambisols
- soil horizons
- cutting height
- water content
- Scotland
- hill grasslands
- air temperature
- yields
- rain
- phosphorus
- dry environmental conditions
- nitrogen content
- drought
- botanical composition
- forage
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordLittle information is available comparing animal performance or stocking stability for different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Wheat is annually planted on 10 million ha in the Southern…Publication Date 1996-03-01
- performance
- Triticum aestivum
- liveweight gain
- cultivars
- rain
- stocking rate
- steers
- Texas
- biomass
- seasonal variation
- grazing
- beef cattle
- forage
- Library Collection RecordKnowing the amount of herbage on rangeland is basic to management decisions related to livestock grazing. However, the amount of herbage available for grazing changes seasonally. Therefore, changes…Publication Date 1996-03-01
- Carex
- Poa pratensis
- danthonia parryi
- Danthonia
- standing crop
- Festuca campestris
- stand characteristics
- Alberta
- rain
- biomass production
- plant communities
- plant litter
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordSeedbeds of graze-out wheatland and herbicide-killed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were evaluated as were use of a grass drill and the Woodward chaffy grass seeder for Old World bluestem (Bothriochloa…Publication Date 1996-03-01
- drills
- seed broadcasters
- chaffy seeds
- metsulfuron
- planting depth
- stand density
- Triticum aestivum
- seedbed preparation
- cost-benefit analysis
- stand establishment
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- herbicides
- yields
- seeds
- Oklahoma
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThe use of standing dead biomass, during the winter that was produced by warm-season grasses in the previous growing season by pregnant beef cows may be an alternative to grazing systems in the semi-…Publication Date 1996-03-01
- Tetrachne dregei
- Panicum coloratum
- leaves
- Eragrostis curvula
- stems
- lignin
- protein content
- fiber content
- rain
- winter
- Panicum virgatum
- species differences
- beef cows
- crude protein
- biomass production
- semiarid zones
- in vitro digestibility
- seasonal variation
- Argentina
- nutritive value
- grazing
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordSheep diets were determined seasonally for large flocks grazing year-round in 2 landscape types of the Magellanic steppe of Argentina. A tussock-grass steppe of Festuca gracillima Hooker f. dominates…Publication Date 1996-01-01
- tertiary sediments
- Festuca gracillima
- Festuca
- tussock grasslands
- steppes
- steppe soils
- species diversity
- diet
- woody plants
- sheep
- seasonal variation
- Argentina
- canopy
- forage
- Library Collection RecordOld World bluestems (Bothriochloa spp.) have been seeded on over a million hectares of marginal farmland in Oklahoma and Texas, yet we know little about their regrowth yield and quality. The…Publication Date 1996-01-01
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- Bothriochloa bladhii
- cutting date
- rain
- cutting frequency
- species differences
- regrowth
- Oklahoma
- in vitro digestibility
- seasonal variation
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordChanges in the vegetation and soil surface were assessed along a grazing intensity gradient on rangelands of the Punta Ninfas area in southern Argentina. Thirty-two transects were sampled in areas…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- woody weeds
- indicator species
- soil types
- steppes
- grazing intensity
- shrubs
- sheep
- overgrazing
- biomass
- Argentina
- botanical composition
- rangelands
- canopy
- grasses
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThirty-six weanling steer calves (avg wt = 174 +/- 14 kg) were grazed on either wheat, irrigated improved, or native rangeland pastures from December 1989 to December 1990. Irrigated improved…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- Triticum aestivum
- Festuca arundinacea
- irrigated pastures
- Cynodon dactylon
- grassland improvement
- liveweight gain
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- yields
- chemical composition
- pastures
- diet
- steers
- digestibility
- New Mexico
- forage
- dry matter
- feed intake
- Elytrigia elongata
- Library Collection RecordThis study described the effects of soils, site preparation, and initial pine regeneration spacings on tree growth and the associated understory woody and herbaceous plant succession. Although Sawyer…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- woody weeds
- Pinus taeda
- regeneration
- understory
- ecological succession
- Louisiana
- plant density
- botanical composition
- canopy
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThis study determined forage production and cover of several plant species resulting from the use of water harvesting catchments with catchment: cultivated area ratios of 1:1 and 1.25:1 and…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- water harvesting
- Entisols
- Aridisols
- area
- sowing
- Pakistan
- arid zones
- watersheds
- ambient temperature
- rain
- watershed hydrology
- slope
- biomass production
- forage
- Library Collection RecordWe examined the diets of reintroduced tule elk (Cervus elaphus nannodes Merriam) and resident Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus Richardson) inhabiting the coastal prairie-…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- coastal plant communities
- dietary overlap
- animal competition
- grasslands
- Cervus elaphus
- feces
- species differences
- Odocoileus hemionus
- California
- nitrogen content
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- forage
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordSeven trials, independent of data used to develop fecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) equations, were conducted to validate previously developed fecal NIRS equations for prediction of…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- reflectance
- organic matter
- protein content
- equations
- feces
- infrared spectroscopy
- crude protein
- forage
- Library Collection RecordTall larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi L. Huth.) toxicosis of cattle is a serious problem on western USA mountain rangelands. Manipulating the ruminal environment may decrease the susceptibility of cattle…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- rumen fluids
- saliva
- poisoning
- carbachol
- electrolytes
- mineral content
- water intake
- Delphinium barbeyi
- blood serum
- dietary mineral supplements
- transit time
- cattle
- grazing
- Colorado
- forage
- Library Collection RecordQuantity and quality of forage produced are primary determinants of level of livestock production derived from grazing lands. Moreover, species composition of herbage is often considered a primary…Publication Date 1995-05-01
- fiber content
- crude protein
- biomass
- botanical composition
- Montana
- grasses
- forage