Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Cows wearing VF devices

Virtual Fence

Photo by: Michael Stauder
  • Body

    Virtual fence (VF) has the potential to revolutionize grazing systems by allowing dynamic control of livestock distribution and duration. The system uses invisible barriers, established by Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, to influence livestock movement with a combination of auditory and electrical cues without a physical fence. However, it can be also be complicated and expensive. 

    This digital guide was created to empowers ranchers and land managers to effectively evaluate and use VF for improved rangeland management. Explore the foundations of VF factsheets, watch the videos, access geospatial resources, and explore handouts from workshops and webinars to better understand a VF system.

    Foundations of VF

    • Virtual fence (VF) is an emerging precision livestock management tool with multiple interconnected components.
       VF components include software, base stations, and collars
    • Virtual fence lines are created in VF software, which requires a digital map of an entire ranch or land management area.

      landmarks to map on your ranch

    • How livestock recognize and interpret the auditory and electrical cues can limit potential risks for animal health and welfare.

      after training, livestock turn away from cues

    • [coming soon!] Special consideration is needed when training livestock, designing fences, managing incentives, and gathering livestock.

      Acute virtual fence lines are challenging

    • [in progress] Economic pros and cons of VF implementation to better understand the financial benefits and risks of the technology compared to tradition fencing. 

      comparing virtual fence and physical fence

    • [in progress] Battery life, collar disposal, strategies for collection in the field, and data organization.

      virtual herds shown in different colors

    • [in progress]Equipment needed, strategies for proper fit, and safety when placing virtual fence collars on livestock.

      cow wearing a collar

    • [coming soon] Concise answers to common questions asked by people interested in virtual fence.

      Frequently asked questions

Tools

  • Explore the boundaries of virtual fencing with handouts and presentations from the 3-part workshop series.
  • Compare the cost of VF systems and physical fence in different scenarios.
  • Plot the best location for a single base station. Requires ArcGIS Pro with the Spatial Analyst extension enabled.
  • The Arizona Geographic Information Council curates GIS data resources for Arizona and other western states.
  • The U.S. Forest Service maintains digital rangeland data on boundaries, natural resources, and more.
  • The Bureau of Land Management shares geographic data and content that can be downloaded.

Featured Resources From the Database

Webinars

cows wearing vf devices
VF 101 & Vendor Comparison

Webinar 1

cows wearing vf devices
VF Applications for Rangeland & Livestock Management

October 17, 2024 | 10am PDT

Webinar 2

cow wearing VF device
VF Economics

January 23, 2025 | 9am PST

Webinar 3