Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordLong-term influences of livestock grazing on vegetation around watering points was studied on 2 upland Chihuahuan desert ranges in southcentral New Mexico using regression analysis. One range had…Publication Date 1995-01-01
- drinking water
- arid zones
- stocking rate
- cattle
- range management
- botanical composition
- New Mexico
- poisonous plants
- Library Collection RecordDefoliation patterns of little bluestem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash] on tallgrass prairie were compared using continuous and rotational grazing systems on six 24-ha pastures for each…Publication Date 1994-05-01
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- controlled grazing
- prediction
- rain
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- Oklahoma
- tillers
- plant competition
- defoliation
- Library Collection RecordApplication of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(l-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] have each increased grazeable forage on shortgrass prairie, but their effects…Publication Date 1995-03-01
- prices
- marginal returns
- atrazine
- liveweight gain
- yields
- rain
- nitrogen fertilizers
- stocking rate
- steers
- Bouteloua gracilis
- prairies
- botanical composition
- grazing
- grasses
- Colorado
- beef cattle
- forage
- Library Collection RecordDynamic programming was used to obtain optimal management and marketing policies for stocker operations in Southeastern Colorado under different stocking rates, rainfall, and price scenarios.…Publication Date 1995-01-01
- dynamic programming
- risk
- marginal returns
- market prices
- rain
- stocking rate
- pastures
- range management
- Library Collection RecordThis paper analyzes subjective perceptions of Texas ranchers concerning management decision-making to obtain insight for improving technology transfer. Correlations among variables from a 1990 mail…Publication Date 1994-09-01
- reliability
- farm surveys
- data analysis
- grazing tenancy
- brush control
- weed control
- stocking rate
- Texas
- range management
- Library Collection RecordPastoralists in the Sahel of northern Africa are entirely dependent on their livestock, which graze on the annual vegetation produced during a relatively short summer rainfall season. The satellite-…Publication Date 1995-03-01
- satellite surveys
- assessment
- Sahel
- Niger
- pastoralism
- carrying capacity
- ground vegetation
- satellite imagery
- stocking rate
- biomass production
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordGrazing trials were conducted during early and late spring of 1988 and 1989 to evaluate the impact of sheep grazing duration and stocking density on grazing efficiency and forage selectivity in tall…Publication Date 1994-11-01
- Trifolium subterraneum
- Festuca arundinacea
- grazing trials
- duration
- efficiency
- stocking rate
- spring
- Oregon
- sheep
- grazing behavior
- feed intake
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordAn investigation was conducted to characterize the intensity and frequency of tiller defoliation in 'Plains' Old World bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng) under frontal, continuous…Publication Date 1994-05-01
- frequency
- tussock grasslands
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- stocking rate
- tillers
- grazing intensity
- browsing damage
- cattle
- defoliation
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordDecisions made by Texas ranchers over a 10 year period (1980-1990) concerning stocking rate levels were dominated by perceptions about weather. A regression model explained 64% of the variability in…Publication Date 1994-09-01
- farmers' income
- weather
- decision making
- rain
- stocking rate
- beef production
- Texas
- range management
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordLivestock have been a key factor in the development of civilization, but what will their role be in the future and how should the science of rangeland management change to meet the challenges of the…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- interdisciplinary research
- adverse effects
- environmental impact
- stocking rate
- selective grazing
- rotational grazing
- range management
- defoliation
- literature reviews
- livestock
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordLand managers of salt desert shrub and sagebrush steppe vegetation have concerns regarding appropriate stocking rates in summer for ephemeral stream riparian zones because of elevated levels of use…Publication Date 1992-07-01
- Populus deltoides
- crop quality
- streams
- habitat selection
- highlands
- protein content
- riparian buffers
- stocking rate
- crude protein
- Wyoming
- plant communities
- grazing behavior
- cattle
- seasonal variation
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordCattle grazing has been suggested as a principal cause for poor oak recruitment in California's hardwood rangelands. This study evaluated the effects of stock density and season of grazing on…Publication Date 1992-09-01
- crop damage
- recruitment
- Quercus douglasii
- seedlings
- stocking rate
- winter
- spring
- summer
- grazing intensity
- browsing damage
- California
- woodlands
- cattle
- range management
- seasonal variation
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordResearch was conducted at the Sonora Research Station during a 4-year period (1984 to 1988) to measure differences in herbaceous vegetation response between two 7-pasture 1-herd grazing systems.…Publication Date 1993-03-01
- ewes
- dry matter accumulation
- grazing trials
- ecological succession
- stocking rate
- pastures
- heifers
- growth rate
- grazing intensity
- Texas
- botanical composition
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordStocking rates and grazing strategies may alter botanical composition of rangeland vegetation by altering frequency and intensity of defoliation of individual plant species. We used long-interval…Publication Date 1993-03-01
- mixed pastures
- grazing trials
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- steers
- Pascopyrum smithii
- Bouteloua gracilis
- tillers
- grazing intensity
- botanical composition
- defoliation
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordKnowledge of comparative diet selection by cattle and black-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) would permit better estimation of grazing capacity on Chihuahuan desert ranges. Cattle and black-…Publication Date 1993-07-01
- Lepus californicus
- stocking rate
- diet
- cattle
- botanical composition
- New Mexico
- poisonous plants
- Library Collection RecordA 9-year grazing trial was conducted to compare shortgrass vegetation and steer responses under intensive-early stocking (IES) at 2 stocking rates to season-long stocking (SLS). The stocking rates…Publication Date 1993-03-01
- intensive forestry
- Kansas
- liveweight gain
- grazing trials
- stocking rate
- pastures
- steers
- sustainability
- botanical composition
- grazing
- beef cattle
- Library Collection RecordResearch on the response of livestock gain to stocking rate tends to cluster into 5 "invisible colleges", represented by 5 citation networks which only occasionally intersect. Each college…Publication Date 1993-09-01
- publication
- journals
- liveweight gain
- stocking rate
- cattle
- Library Collection RecordCattle at a light stocking rate of 0.17 to 0.18 AUM/ha over a 35-day grazing season in summer preferred to graze on lowland range sites, while elk in winter preferred upland range sites. We changed…Publication Date 1991-05-01
- animal competition
- sloping land
- foraging
- highlands
- lowlands
- habitats
- site factors
- soil types
- stocking rate
- pastures
- winter
- Wyoming
- grazing intensity
- Cervus elaphus canadensis
- grazing behavior
- cattle
- Library Collection RecordGrazing systems and stocking rates are used to influence livestock grazing behavior with the intent of improving livestock and vegetation performance. In 1982, a study was initiated to determine…Publication Date 1991-05-01
- night grazing
- short-duration grazing
- grazing time
- distance travelled
- liveweight gain
- continuous grazing
- grazing trials
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- steers
- Wyoming
- grazing intensity
- grazing behavior
- grazing
- beef cattle
- Library Collection RecordVariable weather, forage production, weed and pest problems, and livestock prices contribute to uncertainty in range livestock production. Because returns from livestock production, in which…Publication Date 1991-05-01
- prices
- econometric models
- stochastic processes
- variability of returns
- risk
- costs and returns
- animal production
- stocking rate
- profitability
- sustainability
- range management
- livestock
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThe government must manage public rangeland in the face of alternative multiple use interests, including wildlife and domestic livestock production. The objectives of this study were to estimate a…Publication Date 1991-07-01
- linear programming
- mixed grazing
- production possibilities
- economic benefits
- production possibilities frontier
- marginal rates of substitution
- marginal returns
- animal production
- multiple land use
- cost-benefit analysis
- stocking rate
- Antilocapra americana
- biomass production
- Wyoming
- grazing intensity
- cattle
- range management
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordMany benefits have been obtained from rotational grazing, including management flexibility and livestock distribution, but long-term positive effects on plant and animal production have been…Publication Date 1991-11-01
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- beef cattle
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordThis paper discusses the criteria needed for quantitative evidence of overgrazing and outlines some of the main pasture and external factors that promote overgrazing by herbivores. Overgrazing is…Publication Date 1991-09-01
- wool production
- econometric models
- animal production
- economic analysis
- stocking rate
- pastures
- sheep
- overgrazing
- cattle
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordPaper presented at the "Symposium on Ingestion of Poisonous Plants by Livestock," February 15, 1990, Reno, Nevada. Stocking rate, multi-species grazing, and grazing systems are 3 components…Publication Date 1992-01-01
- Hymenoxys odorata
- Nolina
- nolina texana
- mixed grazing
- losses
- toxicity
- Quercus
- stocking rate
- death
- sheep
- goats
- cattle
- Texas
- grazing
- poisonous plants
- Library Collection RecordUneven distribution of livestock in large pastures results in some areas receiving more use than the average and some areas receiving little or no use. Six 2-ha experimental pastures on a shallow…Publication Date 1991-09-01
- grazing pressure
- twig diameter
- grazing strategy
- Acacia rigidula
- Acacia berlandieri
- stocking rate
- branches
- diameter
- pastures
- grazing intensity
- goats
- Texas
- canopy
- feeding preferences
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordVegetational response of a nine-paddock, short-duration grazing cell was compared to that of a continuous pasture for a 5-year period in southcentral New Mexico. Differences in vegetational response…Publication Date 1991-07-01
- grazing time
- vegetation cover
- standing crop
- stocking rate
- pastures
- vegetation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass production
- grazing intensity
- cattle
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- grazing
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordLittle is known about the chemical composition of throughfall, or the water that falls through, and drips from, the grass canopy of Rough Fescue Grassland during the grazing season. Water-extractable…Publication Date 1992-03-01
- chernozems
- soil organic matter
- monosaccharides
- organic acids and salts
- physicochemical properties
- Festuca campestris
- grasslands
- Alberta
- stocking rate
- chemical composition
- grazing intensity
- soil chemistry
- plant litter
- Library Collection RecordUsefulness of the concepts of carrying capacity and species substitution ratios in natural resource management has been limited by single objectives and single management options implicit in their…Publication Date 1990-11-01
- substitution
- optimum stocking rate
- stocking level
- grazing capacity
- animal-unit
- animal unit month
- terminology
- carrying capacity
- animal production
- ratios
- stocking rate
- range management
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordGrazing affects the plant ecology and adds excreta, thereby influencing soil N relationships. Consequently, total N, mineralizable N, exchangeable N, hydrolyzable N, and urease activity were assessed…Publication Date 1990-01-01
- nitrogen mineralization
- hydrolysis
- urease
- grassland soils
- soil organic matter
- A horizons
- chernozemic soils
- Festuca altaica
- enzyme activity
- nitrate nitrogen
- ammonium nitrogen
- distribution
- Alberta
- cattle manure
- stocking rate
- spatial distribution
- cattle
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordThe Oregon Range Evaluation Project implemented 3 levels of grazing management intensities (strategies) on private land pastures in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon. Prior to implementing…Publication Date 1991-01-01
- private farms
- ecosystems
- costs and returns
- optimization
- production costs
- cost-benefit analysis
- stocking rate
- beef production
- Oregon
- range management
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordA 2-year experiment was conducted to determine the effect of 27 years of continuous grazing at moderate (7 ha/cow/yr) (MC) and heavy (5 ha/cow/yr) (HC) rates of stocking on seasonal diet selection…Publication Date 1990-07-01
- nutrient intake
- protein content
- stocking rate
- crude protein
- dietary supplements
- diets
- cattle
- in vitro digestibility
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordDiet composition, performance, and production of calves and lambs grazing in combination were contrasted between a repeated-seasonal (RSG) (May-Sept.) and a 16-subunit, 1-herd high-performance short-…Publication Date 1990-07-01
- mixed grazing
- lambs
- mixed pastures
- controlled grazing
- liveweight gain
- calves
- grazing trials
- South Dakota
- stocking rate
- diets
- botanical composition
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordThe key to managing Arizona chaparral depends on creating and maintaining brush-free or savanna-like habitats. Brush control using fire, chemicals, and mechanical methods has been tested previously;…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- chaparral
- chaparral soils
- Quercus turbinella
- manual weed control
- soil density
- biological control
- controlled grazing
- brush control
- soil fertility
- stocking rate
- vegetation
- regrowth
- grazing intensity
- goats
- range management
- browsing
- grazing
- Arizona
- Library Collection RecordA key to management of short duration grazing systems is maintaining proper rest periods for individual pastures, but information on the necessary length of rest periods for tallgrass prairie is…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- grazing time
- controlled grazing
- ecological succession
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- Oklahoma
- natural grasslands
- grazing intensity
- plant communities
- cattle
- prairies
- botanical composition
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordA 4-year study was conducted on Cross Timbers range in north-central Oklahoma. Conventional seasonlong grazing (SLS) of stocker cattle was compared to intensive-early season stocking (IES). Stocking…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- forests
- liveweight gain
- stocking rate
- pastures
- vegetation
- Oklahoma
- prairies
- defoliation
- grazing
- beef cattle
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThe possibility of attenuating the negative effects of high stocking rate (SR) on animal production by using inexpensive low energy supplements (mainly poultry litter) was examined in a herd of small…Publication Date 1990-11-01
- weaning rate
- weaning
- poultry manure
- Mediterranean region
- mixed pastures
- Israel
- weaning weight
- grazing trials
- stocking rate
- beef cows
- beef production
- dietary supplements
- Library Collection RecordSimulated 8-pasture short duration grazing systems were studied in 1985-86 to determine the effect of grazing schedule and stocking rate on defoliation patterns of individual grass tillers of big…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- controlled grazing
- stocking rate
- Andropogon gerardii
- rotational grazing
- Oklahoma
- tillers
- grazing intensity
- cattle
- defoliation
- grazing
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordLiveweight (LW) changes and behavior of growing rams were measured in 1981, 1982, 1985, and 1986 at the Timahdit Experiment Station in the Middle Atlas, Morocco, at stocking rates of 2.78, 4.17, and…Publication Date 1990-09-01
- rams
- Morocco
- selling prices
- production costs
- decision making
- stocking rate
- grazing intensity
- diets
- grazing behavior
- in vitro digestibility
- range management
- forage
- dry matter
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordEmergence of broadcast-seeded kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L. 'Selection 75') was compared for 2 seasons in short-duration grazed (SDG) areas and ungrazed exclosures in the Texas Rolling…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- soil strength
- Panicum coloratum
- controlled grazing
- seedling emergence
- stocking rate
- pastures
- cattle
- Texas
- soil compaction
- trampling
- Library Collection RecordShort-duration grazing (SDG) has been purported to increase forage production and utilization compared to other grazing systems, and thus can sustain higher stocking rates. This study was designed to…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- availability
- stocking rate
- pastures
- cattle
- plant density
- Texas
- botanical composition
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordImproved carrying capacity of grasslands has been attributed to the effect of time-controlled grazing with high animal density, which can be achieved by increased stocking rates as well as by fencing…Publication Date 1990-11-01
- stress response
- mixed pastures
- Festuca
- controlled grazing
- grazing trials
- root systems
- Alberta
- stocking rate
- regrowth
- natural grasslands
- cattle
- prairies
- crop yield
- botanical composition
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordManagers often deal with the problem of herd replacement of one animal class by another. A preliminary study suggested that steers could be substituted for cow-calf pairs on shortgrass steppe on a…Publication Date 1989-07-01
- animal unit equivalent
- substitution
- conversion
- cows
- sown grasslands
- ratios
- calves
- steppes
- stocking rate
- pastures
- steers
- natural grasslands
- range management
- Colorado
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordThe effect of varying price ratios between liveweight and supplementary feed on the optimum stocking rate (SR) of a beef herd on range is analyzed in relation to the net value of weaned calf live…Publication Date 1989-07-01
- mathematical models
- production costs
- cost analysis
- beef herds
- liveweight gain
- stocking rate
- pastures
- dietary supplements
- cattle feeding
- beef cattle
- Library Collection RecordThurber needlegrass (Stipa thurberiana Piper) is an important component of both forested and shrub-steppe communities of the Pacific Northwest and Great Basin regions, and little is known of its…Publication Date 1988-11-01
- Achnatherum thurberianum
- roots
- stocking rate
- regrowth
- Oregon
- range management
- phenology
- rangelands
- defoliation
- livestock
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordAn economic analysis of alternative stocking rate adjustment tactics is performed using a simulation model which emulates the annual decision-making situation of a rancher. The model includes…Publication Date 1989-03-01
- computer software
- investment
- cattle production
- optimization
- decision making
- stocking rate
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordStocking rate effects on intensive-early stocked Kansas Flint Hills range were studied from 1982 through 1987. Rates were 2X, 2.5X, and 3X normal season-long stocking rates for 200-225 kg steers.…Publication Date 1988-11-01
- carbohydrates
- Kansas
- yields
- stocking rate
- winter
- Andropogon gerardii
- cattle
- rangelands
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordComplementary pasture-native range systems are known to increase production per cow and per hectare of cow-calf enterprises, but the proper ratio of complementary pasture to range and the optimum…Publication Date 1988-09-01
- Bromus biebersteinii
- Medicago sativa
- cows
- Agropyron desertorum
- liveweight gain
- calves
- yields
- reproductive performance
- stocking rate
- profitability
- Wyoming
- range management
- Library Collection RecordProponents of rotational grazing claim that individual animal performance in a properly managed rotational grazing (RG) treatment will be equal to or greater than that in other, less intensively…Publication Date 1989-05-01
- crude protein
- organic matter digestibility
- stocking rate
- grazing systems
- Library Collection RecordCumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia, is inhabited by a population of feral horses that intensively graze the island's salt marshes. Based on 18 months of experimental grazing studies, a…Publication Date 1988-09-01
- Spartina alterniflora
- salt marshes
- cumberland island national seashore
- feral varieties
- simulation models
- Georgia
- grazing trials
- horses
- stocking rate
- Library Collection RecordA model, more detailed than a set of stocking rate response curves but less detailed than large process models such as SPUR, was needed to evaluate the short-term effect of grazing management…Publication Date 1989-09-01
- computer simulation
- stocking rate
- steers
- range management
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