Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Paige measured the vegetative and reproductive growth of scarlet gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata) plants growing in smooth brome (Bromus inermis) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) plant…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- mule deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- plant competition
- elk
- fitness overcompensation
- Ipomopsis aggregata
- reproductive growth
- scarlet gilia
- secondary herbivory
- Library Collection RecordMosley looked at the possibilities of sheep grazing to enhance the aspects of food, cover, water and space for numerous wildlife species. He points out that grazing can improve habitat for species…Publication Date 1969
- Space
- water
- cover
- disturbance
- niche
- symbiotic relationships
- Library Collection RecordThrough GIS analysis of aerial photographs, Miller et al. evaluated vegetation alteration and mudflat/open-water-area landscape changes, and the disturbance agents related to any changes from 1939-…Publication Date 1969
- Distichlis spicata
- GIS
- cattle herbivory
- disturbance
- fire
- landscape pattern dynamics
- patch dynamics
- wetland vegetation loss
- Library Collection RecordIn Colorado, Milchunas et al. assessed the effects of 45 years of controlled, heavy grazing by cattle and grazing exclosures on the basal cover and density of species in plant communities along…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- landscape
- catena
- community structure
- disturbance
- evolutionary history
- shortgrass steppe
- Library Collection RecordMilchunas et al. examined plant community relationships across various scales and disturbance phenomena with the question of whether or not underlying generalities exist. They also examined the…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- belowground herbivory
- disturbance
- diversity
- evolutionary history
- nutrient enrichment
- semiarid grassland
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Merrill et al. sampled above and belowground biomass of Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis) and bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum) plants, as well as nematode densities associated…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Agropyron spicatum
- nematodes
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- Cervus elphus
- elk
- Festuca idahoensis
- Idaho fescue
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordKingery et al. looked at the possible interactions between cattle, elk and white-tailed deer through fecal analysis to determine the species composition. They found that elk and cattle were most…Publication Date 1969
- interspecific competition
- Bos taurus
- Cervus elaphus
- Odocoileus virginianus
- Abies grandis
- Thuja plicata
- diet selection
- elk
- resource partitioning
- white-tailed deer
- Library Collection RecordVegetation and soil chemistry variables were measured inside and outside of a 7 year old exclosure to determine the effects of moose (Alces alces) herbivory on Alaskan taiga forest succession.…Publication Date 1969
- soil chemistry
- willow
- Alces alces
- alder
- Alnus tenuifolia
- ecosystem development
- elk
- exclosures
- forest development
- Salix spp.
- vegetation dynamics
- Library Collection RecordTo determine the history of browsing by elk (Cervus elaphus) on narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia), at a site in northern Yellowstone National Park, Keigley assigned each individual…Publication Date 1969
- architecture
- Cervus elaphus
- Growth Form
- browsing history
- elk
- narrowleaf cottonwood
- populus angustifolia
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of grazing by sheep and wildlife on willow (Salix spp.) communities in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem were compared in this study. Willow communities grazed by wildlife (elk, Cervus…Publication Date 1969
- willow
- grazing
- elk
- rangeland health
- repeat photography
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordSome researches state that willows (Salix spp.) on Yellowstone National Park's northern range have declined because of climatic change, fire suppression, reduced chemical defenses, or other…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- aboriginal overkill
- beaver
- elk
- Native Americans
- natural regulation
- park management
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordJenkins and Wright looked at the spatial overlap of white-tailed deer, elk and moose niches and how that effected habitat selection and vegetation preferences. The main factor found to influence all…Publication Date 1969
- Odocoileus virginianus
- Cervus elaphus
- moose
- Alces alces
- community type
- elk
- habitat overlap
- vegetation preferences
- white-tailed deer
- Library Collection RecordIrby et al. reported the perceptions that commercial agriculture producers have about the effect wild ungulate grazing has on their crops and pasture land. The majority of the ranchers surveyed said…Publication Date 1969
- agriculture
- damage
- deer
- Cervus elaphus
- Montana
- Antilocapra americana
- elk
- Odocoileus spp.
- perceptions
- pronghorns
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores influence growth, recruitment, and mortality rates of plants and may do so in ways correlated with plant density, frequency, or other neighborhood traits, or with competitive abilities.…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- vegetation
- competition
- disturbance
- frequency-dependence
- Library Collection RecordTo study the effects of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and elk (Cervus elaphus) on buckbrush (Ceanothus fendleri), Huffman and Moore built exclosures around plots in 3 ponderosa pine (Pinus…Publication Date 1969
- buckbrush
- Cervus elaphus
- mule deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- Ceanothus fendleri
- ecological restoration
- elk
- flower production
- stem morphology
- Library Collection RecordHuff and Varley review the information on the subject of natural regeneration in Yellowstone National Park's northern range. The greatest concern to park managers and their critics over recent…Publication Date 1969
- carrying capacity
- overpopulation
- range management
- wildlife management
- herbivory
- elk
- National Park Service
- natural process management
- natural regulation
- policy
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordReview of several types of disturbances on the health and invasibility of natural plant communities. In the grazing section of the paper, the authors state that grazing is only detrimental in areas…Publication Date 1969
- species diversity
- grazing
- disturbance
- Ecosystem function
- historical use
- invasibility
- Library Collection RecordThree densities of elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) were grazed in the winter and early spring to determine how each effected the availability and use of forage by cattle (Bos taurus) in the spring.…Publication Date 1969
- cattle
- Bos taurus
- Cervus elaphus canadensis
- competitive effects
- elk
- facilitative effects
- Library Collection RecordHessl synthesized and compared current hypotheses regarding aspen decline by focusing on studies of aspen in the elk winter ranges of Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Jackson Hole (JH), and…Publication Date 1969
- regeneration
- Aspen
- decline
- elk
- invasion
- species decline
- Library Collection RecordGreen and Kauffman examined species frequency, richness, evenness, and utilization in grazed pastures and ungrazed exclosures in 8 plant communities, over a 10 year period, in a northeastern Oregon…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- species diversity
- community succession
- disturbance
- riparian
- Library Collection RecordGlenn et al. measured plant community composition, at the local and regional scale, following no disturbance, grazing, burning, or grazing and burning of tallgrass prairie pastures in Kansas.…Publication Date 1969
- plant communities
- disturbance
- heterogeneity
- hierarchy
- scale
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordIn Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, Gage and Cooper identified possible constraints on willow (Salix spp.) establishment in two heavily browsed riparian areas, in 2000 and 2001, by examining…Publication Date 1969
- willow
- ungulates
- Cervus elaphus
- dispersal
- elk
- riparian
- Salix spp.
- Library Collection RecordOn the northern winter range of Yellowstone National Park, Frank and Zhang measured ammonia volatilization at three times in 1995, at three topographic positions: hilltop, midslope, and slope-bottom…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- nitrogen
- Ammonia Volatilization
- Bison bison
- elk
- grassland
- ungulate
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Frank and McNaughton tested the theory that herbivory would stimulate above-ground production by measuring the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) grazing on plant…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- primary production
- grasslands
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- Bison bison
- elk
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordA year long study was conducted to examine how large herbivores and landscape factors affect soil C and N dynamics in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park. Results from the in situ experiment…Publication Date 1969
- carbon
- grazing
- herbivory
- bison
- nitrogen
- elk
- grassland
- Library Collection RecordFrank and Evans investigated the effects of native ungulates on grassland N cycling in Yellowstone National Park by examining natural 15N abundance of soils and plants inside and outside long-term…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- Cervus elaphus
- nitrogen
- 15N
- Bison bison
- elk
- grassland
- herbivore
- stable isotopes
- ungulate
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordMass migration of Yellowstone's ungulates is, not only a critical step to enhance their nutritional quality, but also a key factor in the nutrient cycle of the Park's grass and shrublands…Publication Date 1969
- diet
- forage
- herbivory
- migration
- nitrogen
- ungulates
- Bison bison
- elk
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordFrank and McNaughton measured net aboveground primary productivity (ANPP), large herbivore consumption (C), and dung deposition (D), an index of nutrient flow from herbivores to the soil, in…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- consumption
- drought
- Cervus elaphus
- herbivory
- primary production
- Bison bison
- elk
- forage quality
- grassland function
- ungulate migration
- Library Collection RecordDekker examined the decline of elk populations and other ungulates, in the Snake Indian Valley of Jasper National Park, by counting numbers of ungulates seen in this area from 1970 to 1985. The…Publication Date 1969
- Alberta
- wolves
- predation
- moose
- mule deer
- management
- elk
- Jasper National Park
- population fluctuations
- white-tailed deer
- winter range
- Library Collection RecordCoughenour examined dormant season elk (Cervus elaphus) impacts on shoot and root standing crop and nitrogen concentration in and outside of 35 year old exclosures in Yellowstone National Park's…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- grazing
- biomass
- elk
- grazing impacts
- nitrogen concentration
- winter range
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordThis review looks at current management of western rangelands and notes that in most western states, big game and livestock competition is a subject of long-standing controversy. In Montana, the…Publication Date 1969
- monitoring
- forage
- elk
- elk management plan
- modern wildlife management
- private land
- public land
- western rangelands
- Library Collection RecordCollins and Barber measured the effects of grazing, fire, buffalo wallows, and prairie dog towns on grassland plant community dynamics in an area of mixed-grass prairie, in southwestern Oklahoma.…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Oklahoma
- buffalo wallows
- disturbance
- diversity
- fire
- grassland
- prairie dog town
- Library Collection RecordCoggins and Conover determined the effects of pocket gophers (Thomomys spp.), herbivore grazing, and the combination of the two, on aspen (Populus tremuloides) regeneration through use of grazing…Publication Date 1969
- browsing
- deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- Populus tremuloides
- herbivory
- Aspen
- Cervus canadensis
- elk
- Pocket Gopher
- Thomomys spp.
- Library Collection RecordIn this Colorado study, authors applied a gap dynamics conceptualization of succession to a semiarid grassland, by focusing on gaps produced in the belowground resource space by death of an…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- Aboveground Biomass
- blue grama
- disturbance
- gap dynamics
- simulation model
- succession
- Library Collection RecordIn this Colorado study, Coffin and Lauenroth evaluate the effects of interactions among disturbance characteristics on the successional dynamics of small scale disturbances in shortgrass steppe plant…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- animal burrows
- ant mounds
- disturbance
- grassland
- succession
- Library Collection RecordCoffin and Lauenroth evaluated the effects of spatially-explicit processes on the recovery of Bouteloua gracilis after disturbances using a modification of a gap dynamics simulation model, developed…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- blue grama
- disturbance
- gap dynamics
- grassland
- simulation model
- succession
- Library Collection RecordClark et al. used four clipping treatments to simulate livestock grazing to assess the effects each clipping level has on bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum) crude protein (CP), in vitro dry…Publication Date 1969
- Agropyron spicatum
- Cervus elaphus
- phenology
- elk
- forage conditioning
- winter range
- Library Collection RecordClark et al. report basal area change and mortality responses of bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum) to 3 spring, 1 winter, and 3 spring + winter defoliation treatments. Clipping half, when…Publication Date 1969
- Agropyron spicatum
- Cervus elaphus
- mortality
- phenology
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- elk
- forage conditioning
- plant vigor
- winter range
- Library Collection RecordLesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) disturb aquatic and semi-aquatic plant species while foraging in the saltmarsh regions of La Perouse Bay, on the Hudson Bay coast. The production…Publication Date 1969
- foraging
- Chen caerulescens caerulescens
- clonal reproduction
- disturbance
- lesser snow geese
- saltmarsh graminoids
- vegetative propagules
- Library Collection RecordThe role of cattle in facilitating the ingress and establishment of mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) has broader implications with regard to the conversion of grasslands to woodlands. On the site with…Publication Date 1969
- dung
- grazing
- mesquite
- disturbance
- Prosopis glandulosa
- Rio Grande Plains
- succession
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, long-term exclosures were used to determine the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) herbivory on soil physical and chemical characteristics in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), aspen (Populus…Publication Date 1969
- leaching
- nitrogen mineralization
- grazing
- Cervus elaphus
- elk
- ungulate grazing
- Library Collection RecordBergelson examined the ability of scarlet gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata) to compensate for grazing on young bolting shoots at 14 sites, distributed throughout the northwest United States. Scarlet gilia…Publication Date 1969
- shade
- regrowth
- deer
- elk
- Exclosure
- overcompensation
- reproductive growth
- Rocky Mountains
- simulated herbivory
- Library Collection RecordBeever et al. examined disturbance created by feral horses (Equus caballus), in 9 mountain ranges of the western Great Basin, USA, in Nevada, using plants, mammals, ants, and soil compaction, as…Publication Date 1969
- Equus caballus
- grazing
- monitoring
- Nevada
- broad spatial scales
- disturbance
- feral horses
- Great Basin
- landscape ecology
- reciprocal averaging
- semiarid ecosystems
- TWINSPAN
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Beck and Peek determined the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) use and cattle (Bos taurus) use on three mountain meadows in northeastern Nevada during different seasons through exclosure…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- Bos taurus
- cattle
- compensation
- utilization
- clipping treatments
- elk
- grazing exclosures
- meadow production
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordBarnett and Stohlgren investigated aspen (Populus tremuloides) regeneration in the Gros Ventre River valley, the National Elk Refuge, and a small part of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, to see if…Publication Date 1969
- Populus tremuloides
- Cervus elaphus
- regeneration
- Wyoming
- Aspen
- elk
- Gros Ventre River valley
- Library Collection RecordThrough the study of historical records, photographs, and current vegetation measurements inside and outside of grazing exclosures, the authors determined that high elk (Cervus elaphus) populations…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- Populus tremuloides
- regeneration
- environmental degradation
- Aspen
- elk
- natural regulation
- over-browsing
- Library Collection RecordDepending on the scale of observation and on the factors that determine animal distribution, grazing patterns may be stronger or weaker than vegetation patterns, or may mirror the spatial structure…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- competition
- disturbance
- spatial dependence
- spatial heterogeneity