Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThis is a summary of 171 papers on livestock grazing in the West.Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- alteration of ecosystem structure
- ecosystem functioning
- livestock grazing
- riparian habitats
- species composition
- Western United States
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of nitrogen addition from snow goose feces and how the uptake of that nitrogen by mosses affects nitrogen uptake in grasses and sedges were measured in two types of arctic marshes. Mosses…Publication Date 1969
- Chen caerulescens caerulescens
- competition
- lesser snow goose
- moss
- nitrogen limitation
- nutrient cycling
- Library Collection RecordChannel width, depth, water velocity, vegetation cover, and substrate size were measured along two different streams in the Golden Trout Wilderness (118°15'N, 36°22'W), in Sierra…Publication Date 1969
- reproduction
- California golden trout
- livestock grazing
- Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita
- recruitment
- salmonids
- Sierra Nevada
- spawning habitat
- stream alteration
- stream morphology
- Library Collection RecordCharacteristics of Deschampsia cespitosa (tufted hairgrass) and Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) were measured at 30 montane meadow sites on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada Mountains (39°N…Publication Date 1969
- Poa pratensis
- water
- soil moisture
- competition
- Deschampsia cespitosa
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordWater vole populations were surveyed in the Big Horn Mountains of north central Wyoming to determine how livestock grazing affects their habitat. Voles were surveyed using a mark and recapture method…Publication Date 1969
- willow
- Carex
- habitat degradation
- habitat requirements
- livestock grazing
- Microtus richardsoni
- sensitive species
- water vole
- Library Collection RecordReduction of amphibian populations was investigated by looking at 40 ponds in the agricultural region of southeastern Minnesota, northeastern Iowa, and southwestern Wisconsin to determine what…Publication Date 1969
- agriculture
- fish
- landscape
- nitrogen
- water quality
- agricultural pond
- amphibian
- Driftless Area Ecoregion
- farm pond
- habitat management
- livestock grazing
- stock pond
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of prescribed fire and livestock grazing on a semi-arid grassland community dominated by the non-native invasive grass, Lehman lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees) were evaluated at…Publication Date 1969
- Arizona
- prescribed burning
- species diversity
- Eragrostis lehmanniana
- invasive grasses
- Lehmann lovegrass
- livestock grazing
- native plants
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordThe establishment of Artemisia tridentata spp. wyomingensis (Wyoming big sagebrush) when sown with three perennial cool-season native grasses; Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass), Elymus…Publication Date 1969
- sagebrush
- Seeding rates
- seedling emergence
- artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis
- coal mine reclamation
- competition
- ecological interactions
- resource limitations
- Library Collection RecordLong-term production and profitability of grazing on northern mixed-grass prairie using yearling steers on rangelands of three land condition classes (low-far, good and excellent), and actual…Publication Date 1969
- profit
- stocking rate
- livestock grazing
- Range Conditions
- variable stocking
- Library Collection RecordThe purpose of the study was to determine the feasibility of using imazapic and seeding to control cheatgrass and annual forbs to create fuelbreaks. The study was located in a Wyoming big sagebrush…Publication Date 1969
- cheatgrass
- competition
- fuelbreaks
- Herbicide
- imazapic
- Plateau
- Library Collection RecordThis study examined the effects of water-table depth, neighborhood species interactions, and herbivory on the survival, tillering, biomass, and seed production of Carex nebrascensis and Poa pratensis…Publication Date 1969
- tillering
- biomass
- clipping
- competition
- environmental gradient
- neighborhood
- Library Collection RecordThis study in Colorado examined the effects of variation in population density of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) on the availability and use of forage resources by cattle in a…Publication Date 1969
- cattle
- grazing
- ungulates
- competition
- diet quality
- diet selection
- elk
- facilitation
- forage quality
- functional response
- net primary production
- Library Collection RecordPlains cottonwood (Populus deltoides Marsh. subsp. monilifera) population dynamics were measured inside and outside of 4 exclosures along the Wild and Scenic portion of the Missouri River in Montana…Publication Date 1969
- dam
- exclosures
- Flood
- hydrogeomorphic
- livestock grazing
- plains cottonwood
- Populus deltoides Marsh. subsp. monilifera
- seedling demography
- streamflow
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of complete and partial exclusion of cattle grazing on avian recovery was examined in a study conducted in riparian areas of Orestimba Creek and Garzas Creek on Simon Newman Ranch in…Publication Date 1969
- Avian conservation
- Breeding Bird Survey (BBS)
- cattle exclosures
- livestock grazing
- rangeland management
- riparian habitats
- seasonal exclusion
- species restoration
- Library Collection RecordThe effect of seeding five perennial grasses on the re-establishment of Dalmatian toadflax (Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.), musk thistle (Carduus nutans L.) and downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) was…Publication Date 1969
- Musk thistle
- crested wheatgrass
- economic analysis
- cheatgrass
- competition
- dalmatian toadflax
- downy brome
- integrated controls
- perennial grass reseeding
- Pubescent Wheatgrass
- Russian wildrye
- Streambank Wheatgrass
- Thickspike Wheatgrass
- Library Collection RecordThis review was based on Paige and Whitman (1987), who showed that browsed plants of Ipomopsis aggregata had greater seed production than unbrowsed plants, which supports Owen and Wiegert's (…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- seed production
- grazing
- apical dominance
- competition
- Ipomopsis aggregata
- Library Collection RecordWood examined the distribution patterns of mule deer and pronghorn, in eastern Montana, using aerial surveys taken over a 543 square km area. He found that pronghorn prefer habitat that is open and…Publication Date 1969
- aerial surveys
- competition
- cover
- spatial overlap
- Library Collection RecordVan Auken and Bush determined the effects of inter-plant and resource competition on the growth of Prosopis glandulosa, when this shrub was grown in experimental plots with clipped or unclipped…Publication Date 1969
- Sideoats grama
- competition
- fertilizer
- honey mesquite
- simulated herbivory
- soil nutrient availability
- Library Collection RecordTracy and Frank compared microbial biomass size and activity, as measured by in situ net N mineralization, inside and outside 35- to 40-year old exclosures across a topographic gradient in…Publication Date 1969
- microorganisms
- topography
- wildlife
- carbon
- below ground biomass
- C:N ratio
- competition
- N pools
- Library Collection RecordWhite-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) preferred browse and forbs yearlong, while cattle (Bos taurus) preferred grasses during the spring and summer and browse and herbage during the fall and…Publication Date 1969
- Odocoileus virginianus
- Bos taurus
- browse
- competition
- dietary overlap
- white-tailed deer
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of nutria (Myocastor coypus) herbivory and neighbor competition were measured for three plant species planted in marsh areas with low, moderate, and high salinity levels. Nutria…Publication Date 1969
- communities
- symbiosis
- Panicum virgatum
- Spartina alterniflora
- coastal marshes
- competition
- Exclosure
- neighbor effects
- positive interactions
- Spartina patens
- Library Collection RecordSpecies composition of a Texas grassland under rotational grazing (3 days graze, 51 days rest) was measured when cattle were stocked at rates that were 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 times the recommended…Publication Date 1969
- botanical composition
- grazing management
- rotational grazing
- Exclosure
- livestock grazing
- Native Range
- Library Collection RecordIn California, Swank and Oechel assessed the individual and combined effects of four main factors (trenching to reduce root competition, caging to reduce herbivory, nutrient addition, and water…Publication Date 1969
- allelopathy
- California
- germination
- grazing
- herbivory
- seedlings
- Adenostoma fasciculatum
- Chamise
- chaparral herbs
- competition
- herb biomass
- resource limitation
- Library Collection RecordStrand and Merritt reviewed the evidence of livestock production impacts on riverine ecosystems throughout the United States. Emphasis is placed on examinations of direct responses of aquatic…Publication Date 1969
- insects
- water quality
- habitat alteration
- livestock grazing
- riparian habitat
- riverine ecosystems
- Library Collection RecordStewart et al. determined that depending on the season, cattle, elk and mule deer competitively exclude each other due to resource partitioning. Cattle avoided mule deer and elk in the summer and…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- mule deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- Oregon
- competition
- competitive exclusion
- elk
- free-ranging cattle
- niche partitioning
- Library Collection RecordPrairie falcon (Falco mexicanus) populations, in the study area, greatly declined from 1976 to 1997. Droughts, declines in Townsend's ground squirrel (Spermophilus townsendii) populations,…Publication Date 1969
- agriculture
- Falco mexicanus
- livestock grazing
- military training
- spermophilus townsendii
- Townsend's ground squirrel
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of a single intense March grazing by sheep, on the components of biomass yield in 'Yamhill' soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were evaluated in Oregon during the 1979…Publication Date 1969
- Triticum aestivum
- crop yield
- yield components
- cereal grain
- livestock grazing
- white winter wheat
- Library Collection RecordSandoval et al. studied the dietary similarities between elk and mule deer on the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Dietary overlap between elk and mule deer, over the life of the study…Publication Date 1969
- rangelands
- forage
- wildlife
- grazing
- competition
- Library Collection RecordIn order to provide a more complete picture of succession over decades, Samuel and Hart began observations in 1977 on four areas disturbed from 1 to 51 years previously, and on undisturbed areas of…Publication Date 1969
- plant communities
- revegetation
- competition
- disturbed land
- mixed-grass prairie
- vegetation structure
- Library Collection RecordIn this review article, Ripple and Beschta examine the decline of deciduous woody species, found along riparian systems in the western U.S., and the need for restoration of those species at landscape…Publication Date 1969
- livestock grazing
- predation risk
- refugia
- ungulate browsing
- woody browse species
- Library Collection RecordReader determined plant mortality caused by herbivory and competition for three plant species (Medicago lupulina, Centaurea nigra, Taraxacum officinale), by excluding herbivores and removing…Publication Date 1969
- Medicago lupulina
- Taraxacum officinale
- Plant performance
- herbivory
- Centaurea nigra
- competition
- neighbor removal
- Library Collection RecordPainter and Belsky (1993) use the debate over compensatory growth as the focus for discussion about the development of basic ecological research and its application to rangeland management. They…Publication Date 1969
- grazing systems
- range management
- livestock grazing
- Selectivity
- semi-arid rangelands
- Library Collection RecordEcological research can be misinterpreted by the popular press and misapplied in land management. One example of this concerns the controversial concepts of overcompensation by grazed plants and…Publication Date 1969
- compensatory growth
- overgrazing
- range management
- application of research
- herbivore optimization
- holistic resource management
- livestock grazing
- management of public land
- misinterpreting research results
- semi-arid western rangelands
- shaping public opinions
- Library Collection RecordGrasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) consumed horse (Equus caballus) and cattle (Bos taurus) dung even while lush vegetation was abundant. The cavities in the dung, created by feeding grasshoppers,…Publication Date 1969
- Equus caballus
- Bos taurus
- thermoregulation
- convective heat loss
- livestock grazing
- optimum body temperatures
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Nash et al. measured annual plant community dynamics along transects at several distances away from livestock watering points, to determine how livestock grazing intensity affects…Publication Date 1969
- multivariate analysis
- boundary locations
- Chihuahuan Desert
- desert plant communities
- livestock grazing
- semivariogram
- Library Collection RecordNash et al. found a difference in the community structure of ants between a rangeland in good condition and a rangeland in poor condition, but could not find differences in the ant communities of…Publication Date 1969
- vegetation
- ant
- bare patches
- cool desert
- Formica spp.
- Great Basin
- indicator
- livestock grazing
- Pheidole spp.
- range condition
- Library Collection RecordMower and Smith looked at the diet similarity of elk and mule deer in northcentral Utah. Elk and mule deer had a 71% diet similarity with little separation in type of forage selected. Two reasons…Publication Date 1969
- competition
- diet composition
- forage availability
- human disturbance
- Library Collection RecordIn the shortgrass steppe of Colorado, authors made comparisons of vegetation and species composition between grazed sites and geologic refuge sites, that were located in ravines and not exposed to…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- drought
- livestock grazing
- rare species
- refugia
- relict
- rock bluffs and outcrops
- Library Collection RecordMedcraft and Clark looked at the dietary composition of mule deer and pronghorn on reclaimed mine land and how cattle grazing can have an effect on when and where these big game animals forage. Mule…Publication Date 1969
- mule deer
- alfalfa
- competition
- dietary overlap
- pronghorn
- Library Collection RecordAn analysis of willow canopy cover was completed using aerial photographs spanning 46 years, including a 23 year period of custodial grazing management and a 22 year period of a rest rotation grazing…Publication Date 1969
- degradation
- willow
- canopy cover
- livestock grazing
- riparian habitat
- stem replacement
- Library Collection RecordLoft et al. concluded that heavy stocking rates, which are considerably higher than federal recommendation, cause negative effects in deer habitat preference during their fawning season. Cattle seem…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- competition
- corn lilies
- cover
- Library Collection RecordLoft et al. looked at the interaction of cattle and mule deer and the accompanied effects on mule deer home range in the Sierra Nevada's of California. The presence of cattle never removed mule…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- competition
- habitat requirements
- home range
- Library Collection RecordKreuper et al, found that the removal of cattle from the San Pedro River NCA had a positive effect on the herbaceous vegetation in the riparian and mesquite areas. They found that cattle removal had…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- herbaceous vegetation
- livestock grazing
- overstocking
- Library Collection RecordKrueger looked at the foraging relationships and potential competition between bison, prairie dogs and pronghorn in Wind Cave National Park in South Dakota. Specifically, he studied the…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- foraging
- South Dakota
- Antilocapra americana
- competition
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- facilitation
- interaction
- prairie dog
- pronghorn
- Library Collection RecordKie examined the effects of cattle grazing on the feeding times of mule deer, on a Sierra Nevada summer range, and black-tailed deer, on a moist, northern California winter range. Cattle grazing…Publication Date 1969
- mule deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- black-tailed deer
- competition
- Odocoileus hemionus columbianus
- optimal foraging
- Library Collection RecordDietary overlap between cattle (Bos taurus) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was greatest during the winter and least during the summer. Competition between deer and cattle in the…Publication Date 1969
- Bos taurus
- Odocoileus virginianus
- competition
- dietary overlap
- dietary quality
- facilitative effects
- Library Collection RecordThree study sites (heavy cattle stocking, moderate to light cattle stocking, and no cattle stocking) were used to determine how cattle (Bos taurus) stocking rates influence white-tailed deer (…Publication Date 1969
- Bos taurus
- Odocoileus virginianus
- carcass weights
- cattle stocking
- competition
- reproductive rates
- Library Collection RecordA mountain bunchgrass community with cool-season Parry oatgrass (Danthonia parryi) and warm-season slimstem muhly (Muhlenbergia filiculmis) as major grass species was treated with early partial…Publication Date 1969
- alternative steady states
- bifurcation
- competition
- cusp catastrophe
- preferential harvest
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores influence growth, recruitment, and mortality rates of plants and may do so in ways correlated with plant density, frequency, or other neighborhood traits, or with competitive abilities.…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- vegetation
- competition
- disturbance
- frequency-dependence
- Library Collection RecordHartnett measure the responses of Andropogon gerardii and Panicum virgatum to defoliation under different clipping intensities, plant densities, and plant growth forms. In general, defoliation…Publication Date 1969
- Andropogon gerardii
- Panicum virgatum
- herbivory
- plant density
- clonal growth
- competition
- simulated herbivory