Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordShrub height and crown diameter are useful non-destructive measures of shrub growth, but precise yields of aerial biomass require destructive methods which are unsatisfactory in studies on perennial…Publication Date 1998-05-01
- crown
- wood
- leaves
- volume determination
- Pakistan
- stems
- prediction
- Atriplex canescens
- diameter
- biomass
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordAlthough Thurber needlegrass (Stipa thurberiana Piper) is an important component of Palouse, sagebrush:steppe, and pine:forest rangelands, little is known of its qualitative and quantitative…Publication Date 1998-05-01
- harvest date
- Achnatherum thurberianum
- protein content
- fiber content
- regrowth
- Oregon
- biomass
- phenology
- seasonal variation
- nutritive value
- defoliation
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordRotation grazing strategies have been proposed to increase stocking capacity, improve animal gains, and improve forage production and range condition. We compared continuous or season-long, 4-pasture…Publication Date 1997-11-01
- optimization
- ground cover
- producer prices
- beef
- liveweight gain
- continuous grazing
- root systems
- rain
- stocking rate
- forbs
- rotational grazing
- steers
- Wyoming
- grazing intensity
- biomass
- plant litter
- botanical composition
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordChanges in the vegetation and soil surface were assessed along a grazing intensity gradient on rangelands of the Punta Ninfas area in southern Argentina. Thirty-two transects were sampled in areas…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- woody weeds
- indicator species
- soil types
- steppes
- grazing intensity
- shrubs
- sheep
- overgrazing
- biomass
- Argentina
- botanical composition
- rangelands
- canopy
- grasses
- forage
- Library Collection RecordDiffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa Lam.), an invasive weed, has reduced forage production and biodiversity, and increased soil erosion on over a million hectares of rangeland in the western United…Publication Date 1997-01-01
- Hesperostipa comata
- Centaurea diffusa
- wind
- Pseudoroegneria spicata
- sowing
- crop-weed competition
- ambient temperature
- invasion
- Agropyron cristatum
- rain
- Washington
- biomass
- range management
- defoliation
- Library Collection RecordTwenty two-year-old primiparous Angus X Hereford cows and their heifer calves were used to study effects of milk consumption on calf performance, suckling behavior, and forage intake. Ten cow-calf…Publication Date 1996-07-01
- restricted feeding
- sucklings
- physical activity
- calves
- body weight
- fiber content
- feeding behavior
- voluntary intake
- digestibility
- digesta
- Bouteloua gracilis
- nitrogen content
- biomass
- New Mexico
- beef cattle
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordThe objectives of this study were to identify a Site Conservation Threshold, the point at which accelerated erosion occurs, and to examine the usefulness of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP…Publication Date 1996-05-01
- water erosion
- rill erosion
- ground cover
- semiarid grasslands
- highlands
- mathematical models
- loam soils
- clay soils
- range condition
- rain
- biomass
- sediment yield
- range management
- plant litter
- Arizona
- Library Collection RecordFecal microhistology and chemistry were used to evaluate botanical composition and quality of diets selected by Brangus cattle grazing Chihuahuan desert range in 3 seasons; fall: October, 1991;…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- phenotypic correlation
- sires
- free range husbandry
- genetic variance
- autumn
- heritability
- feces composition
- Brangus
- pastures
- spring
- summer
- biomass
- botanical composition
- grazing
- New Mexico
- beef cattle
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordResearch has been lacking on the influence of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) on forage production in the Chihuahuan desert. In 1964 honey mesquite was controlled (65% kill) with the…Publication Date 1996-01-01
- xerophytes
- woody weeds
- Prosopis glandulosa
- cost-benefit analysis
- brush control
- rain
- forbs
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- canopy
- grazing
- grasses
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordMost economic assessments of grasshopper damage are based on how much plant tissue insects consume or destroy without considering factors that influence the ability of individual plants and…Publication Date 1996-11-01
- Aulocara elliotti
- Cyperaceae
- timing
- ambient temperature
- rain
- forbs
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass
- seasonal variation
- insect pests
- defoliation
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this 2 year study was to identify the optimal height to graze Old World bluestem pasture in the Southern Great Plains under continuous stocking during the growing season. We…Publication Date 1996-11-01
- performance
- evaporation
- leaves
- roots
- stems
- liveweight gain
- continuous grazing
- ambient temperature
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- rain
- steers
- crude protein
- grazing intensity
- Texas
- biomass
- forage
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordJapanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb.) has invaded many northern mixed-prairie plant communities. Understanding interactions of population dynamics of this and associated species is critical for…Publication Date 1997-01-01
- textural soil types
- Bromus japonicus
- stomatal conductance
- crop-weed competition
- rain
- seedlings
- soil water content
- Pascopyrum smithii
- xylem water potential
- tillers
- biomass
- water relations
- removal
- Montana
- Library Collection RecordLittle information is available comparing animal performance or stocking stability for different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Wheat is annually planted on 10 million ha in the Southern…Publication Date 1996-03-01
- performance
- Triticum aestivum
- liveweight gain
- cultivars
- rain
- stocking rate
- steers
- Texas
- biomass
- seasonal variation
- grazing
- beef cattle
- forage
- Library Collection RecordMore information about the effects of combining intensive livestock grazing of noxious weeds and associated desirable plants with other control measures is needed to develop effective rangeland weed…Publication Date 1996-07-01
- Euphorbia esula
- Poa pratensis
- rain
- selective grazing
- species differences
- sheep
- cattle
- plant density
- picloram
- biomass
- Montana
- grazing
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordConverting marginal hardwood forest to grassland has the potential of increasing economic output with livestock grazing. Nitrogen (N) management during conversion needs to be evaluated to minimize…Publication Date 1997-01-01
- oversowing
- woody weeds
- Quercus stellata
- Quercus marilandica
- tree trunk
- Festuca arundinacea
- shrublands
- leaves
- soil depth
- biogeochemical cycles
- tebuthiuron
- brush control
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- rain
- branches
- Oklahoma
- soil chemistry
- nitrogen content
- biomass
- Library Collection RecordEstablishment of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis [H.B.K.] Lag ex. Steud.) depends on adequate precipitation at critical times and on reduced competition from associated vegetation. These conditions…Publication Date 1995-11-01
- clones
- basal area
- vegetative propagation
- seedlings
- Bouteloua gracilis
- Wyoming
- biomass
- rangelands
- chemical constituents of plants
- Library Collection RecordThree annual applications of a factorial combination of N (0, 40, 80, 120 kg ha-1), P (0, 25 kg ha-1) and K (0, 100 kg ha-1) were applied to Florida flatwoods range where 45 plant species were…Publication Date 1996-11-01
- potassium fertilizers
- panicum oligosanthes
- Solidago
- Eupatorium
- solidage fistulosa
- euthamia minor
- stand density
- phosphorus fertilizers
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- species diversity
- ecological succession
- rain
- nitrogen fertilizers
- Florida
- forbs
- plant communities
- application rates
- biomass
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordAlterations in shortgrass ecosystem structure and function following long-term use of atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3, 5-triazine,2,4-diamine] for increased secondary…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- nonstructural carbohydrates
- soil bacteria
- sublethal effects
- hydroxyatrazine
- harvest date
- atrazine
- mineral content
- carbohydrates
- sandy loam soils
- Bouteloua gracilis
- nitrogen content
- application rates
- biomass
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordGrazing system and stocking rate effects on forage standing crop of tallgrass prairies in north-central Oklahoma were evaluated from 1989 to 1993. Twelve experimental units, consisting of pastures…Publication Date 1995-01-01
- air temperature
- rain
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- Oklahoma
- grazing intensity
- prairies
- biomass
- grasses
- forage
- Library Collection RecordTwo grazing trials were conducted in separate years on a 5.86 ha winter wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Chisholm) pasture divided into 10 experimental paddocks. Paddocks were differentially grazed with…Publication Date 1995-05-01
- winter wheat
- in vitro
- liveweight gain
- Oklahoma
- steers
- digestibility
- grazing intensity
- biomass
- grazing
- beef cattle
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordThere is considerable interest in riparian zones in the western United States, yet little information is available on the autecology of plant species that dominate these areas. We measured gas…Publication Date 1995-03-01
- Carex nebrascensis
- salix lemonii
- population ecology
- rooting
- leaf area
- Salix
- soil water potential
- water potential
- soil temperature
- xylem
- Carex
- riparian buffers
- root systems
- air temperature
- rain
- photosynthesis
- gas exchange
- California
- biomass
- drought
- seasonal variation
- Library Collection RecordA 4-year study was conducted on Kansas Flint Hills bluestem range to monitor animal gain, grass, and forb standing biomass following grazing, plant population dynamics, and in 2 years, subsequent…Publication Date 1995-05-01
- feed conversion
- dressing percentage
- carcass weight
- sorghum
- Sorghastrum nutans
- warm-season grasses
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- Poa pratensis
- Kansas
- liveweight gain
- grazing experiments
- pastures
- Andropogon gerardii
- steers
- feed supplements
- biomass
- botanical composition
- grasses
- beef cattle
- Library Collection RecordAn observed increase in winterfat (Ceratoides lanata (Pursh) J.T. Howell) on ungrazed rangeland suggests that this shrub may potentially be an important forage resource in the Northern Mixed Prairie…Publication Date 1995-05-01
- Saskatchewan
- rain
- Krascheninnikovia lanata
- growth
- grazing intensity
- biomass
- defoliation
- Library Collection RecordQuantity and quality of forage produced are primary determinants of level of livestock production derived from grazing lands. Moreover, species composition of herbage is often considered a primary…Publication Date 1995-05-01
- fiber content
- crude protein
- biomass
- botanical composition
- Montana
- grasses
- forage
- Library Collection RecordAn increase in continuous fine fuels promoted by the expansion of aggressive annual exotic grasses in the Intermountain West has altered the region's fire regimes, with both ecologic and…Publication Date 1995-01-01
- fire danger
- Rocky Mountain region
- mathematical models
- prediction
- fire ecology
- rain
- Bromus tectorum
- Oregon
- California
- biomass
- range management
- climatic factors
- Library Collection RecordThis study was conducted for 2 consecutive growing seasons in a temperate region of Pakistan to determine a residual phytomass level necessary to adequately protect the soil against accelerated…Publication Date 1995-05-01
- sediments
- watershed management
- water erosion
- Pakistan
- rill erosion
- Pinus wallichiana
- Universal Soil Loss Equation
- rainfall simulators
- biomass production
- grazing intensity
- biomass
- canopy
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordBeaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl) and willow (Salix spp.) are important components of riparian restoration on degraded western rangelands. Land managers need quantitative information to evaluate…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- Castor canadensis
- Salix exigua
- douglas greek
- mathematical models
- stems
- diameter
- biomass
- Colorado
- Library Collection RecordBasal cover, density, biomass, and species richness of the understory were measured in concentric zones from the stem bases of large redberry juniper (Juniperus pinchotii Sudw.) trees to 6 m beyond…Publication Date 1995-03-01
- textural soil types
- clay loam soils
- Juniperus pinchotii
- soil depth
- plant interaction
- understory
- species diversity
- ecological succession
- forbs
- shrubs
- Texas
- biomass
- canopy
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordDowny brome (Bromus tectorum L.) is an alien grass that dominates disturbed ground in shrub-steppe ecosystems of the western United States. Responses of downy brome to added nitrogen and water were…Publication Date 1995-07-01
- germination
- nitrogen fertilizers
- leaf area index
- Bromus tectorum
- water-use efficiency
- old field soils
- leaf conductance
- photosynthesis
- gas exchange
- water
- limiting factors
- old fields
- Washington
- biomass
- Library Collection RecordThe canopy of Quercus douglasii H. & A. (blue oak) has been variously reported to enhance or suppress understory production. The effects of canopy removal have been reported only for the northern…Publication Date 1994-03-01
- production
- microenvironments
- plant interaction
- understory
- Quercus douglasii
- rain
- California
- biomass
- botanical composition
- canopy
- forage
- Library Collection RecordLehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees), an introduced warm season grass, has invaded grasslands in southern Arizona, in many areas replacing the native warm-season grasses. A water balance…Publication Date 1994-09-01
- water binding capacity
- water content
- water balance
- evapotranspiration
- rain
- biomass
- Eragrostis lehmanniana
- introduced species
- Arizona
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordRoot exudates are substances released into the surrounding medium by healthy and intact plant roots. Research on root exudates has shown that root exudates can reduce seed germination and plant…Publication Date 1993-07-01
- root exudates
- Lespedeza cuneata
- plant interaction
- plant growth substances
- roots
- length
- biomass
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordGreen herbaceous phytomass was measured in August 1987 in grassland and sagebrush-grassland communities of Yellowstone National Park and related to August 1987 Landsat MSS data. A linear model using…Publication Date 1993-03-01
- satellite surveys
- availability
- Landsat
- national parks
- satellite imagery
- vegetation
- Wyoming
- biomass
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordData collected over a 11-year period at 2 study areas near Vaughn and Roswell, N.M. were used to define equations that relate grass biomass to the amount of broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae […Publication Date 1993-11-01
- understory
- Gutierrezia sarothrae
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordThe decision to use double sampling with a regression or ratio estimator is not a simple task. This study was conducted to determine whether a ratio or regression estimator should be used to estimate…Publication Date 1993-01-01
- Monte Carlo method
- bootstrap variance estimates
- jackknife variance estimates
- variance
- regression analysis
- estimation
- vegetation
- sampling
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass
- Library Collection RecordCharacterization of standing herbaceous biomass on rangeland is complicated by both temporal and spatial variability that results from patchiness in vegetation. These patches often cause nonuniform…Publication Date 1992-05-01
- mixed pastures
- frequency distribution
- Buchloe dactyloides
- mathematical models
- spatial variation
- prediction
- temporal variation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- grazing intensity
- cattle
- biomass
- grazing
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordTo help local Niger government authorities and donor countries ameliorate conditions in the advent of drought, a rapid yet simple means to assess annual herbaceous production at the end of the rainy…Publication Date 1992-05-01
- Sahel
- Niger
- mathematical models
- prediction
- meteorological data
- regression analysis
- rain
- crop production
- biomass
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThe physiological and morphological responses of 6 wheatgrass (Agropyron) cultivars to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation were measured in the greenhouse. These included diploid, tetraploid…Publication Date 1991-07-01
- Glomus
- agropyron cristatum subsp. puberulum
- ploidy
- vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
- nutrient content
- stomatal conductance
- roots
- plant morphology
- Agropyron desertorum
- shoots
- carbon dioxide
- Agropyron cristatum
- nutrient uptake
- cultivars
- transpiration
- water-use efficiency
- gas exchange
- phosphorus
- tillering
- biomass
- Library Collection RecordThe effect of late-autumn cattle grazing on plant biomass was examined in a western Great Plains cottonwood riparian zone prone to catastrophic flooding every 5-8 years. Following 1 year of pre-…Publication Date 1991-07-01
- autumn
- Populus
- floodplains
- Spartina
- Spartina pectinata
- environmental impact
- community ecology
- Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera
- standing biomass
- community composition
- riparian grasslands
- Salix
- leaves
- controlled grazing
- plant ecology
- flooding
- riparian buffers
- biomass production
- cattle
- biomass
- botanical composition
- grazing
- Colorado
- forage
- Library Collection RecordTallgrass prairies are an important forage resource in the eastern Central Great Plains. The effect of spring burning, fertilization, and atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-…Publication Date 1992-05-01
- plant cultural practices
- Bromus inermis
- crop quality
- atrazine
- Poa pratensis
- fires
- fire effects
- nitrogen fertilizers
- Nebraska
- Sorghastrum nutans
- Andropogon gerardii
- prairies
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- Library Collection RecordVegetational response of a nine-paddock, short-duration grazing cell was compared to that of a continuous pasture for a 5-year period in southcentral New Mexico. Differences in vegetational response…Publication Date 1991-07-01
- grazing time
- vegetation cover
- standing crop
- stocking rate
- pastures
- vegetation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass production
- grazing intensity
- cattle
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- grazing
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordClearing and thinning of caatinga vegetation in northeastern Brazil are viewed as methods of optimizing forage and wood production. Our study compared the botanical composition of goat diets relative…Publication Date 1990-11-01
- tropical forests
- caatinga
- thinning
- goat feeding
- deciduous forests
- silvopastoral systems
- clearcutting
- woodland grasslands
- pastures
- natural grasslands
- diets
- goats
- Brazil
- biomass
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- canopy
- forage
- Library Collection RecordAlthough extensive work has evaluated plant response to season of defoliation, few studies have evaluated the influence of season of defoliation on soil water depletion, amount of regrowth, and total…Publication Date 1990-05-01
- Agropyron desertorum
- cutting date
- crop production
- regrowth
- Oregon
- soil water content
- biomass
- phenology
- seasonal variation
- defoliation
- Library Collection RecordA management strategy using short-duration grazing and fertilization was simulated in a study with individual ‘Ermelo’ weeping lovegrass [Eragrostis curvula (Shrad.) Nees] plants. Influence of 2…Publication Date 1990-09-01
- shoot pruning
- NPK fertilizers
- crop quality
- Eragrostis curvula
- dry matter accumulation
- irrigation scheduling
- root systems
- water-use efficiency
- regrowth
- crude protein
- growth rate
- biomass
- crop yield
- forage
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordHerbage biomass for blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis [H.B.K. Lag]), pinyon ricegrass (Piptochaetium fimbriatum [H.B.K.] Hitche.), New Mexico muhly (Muhlenbergia pauciflora Buckl.), other grasses and…Publication Date 1990-09-01
- mixed forests
- muhlenbergia pauciflora
- piptochaetium fimbriatum
- light penetration
- Muhlenbergia
- Juniperus monosperma
- silvopastoral systems
- forest ecology
- pinyon-juniper
- Pinus edulis
- understory
- pastures
- Poaceae
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass
- canopy
- New Mexico
- forage
- Library Collection RecordCheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) dominates large tracts of rangeland in the western United States. Previous research has demonstrated the competitive nature of this species; however, the mechanisms…Publication Date 1990-09-01
- density
- leaf area
- growth periods
- roots
- root shoot ratio
- Agropyron desertorum
- root systems
- seedlings
- Bromus tectorum
- length
- growth rate
- biomass
- plant competition
- Library Collection RecordCombined grazing by black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and bison (Bison) produces and maintains a series of changes in the vegetation of prairie dog colonies. However, because their…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- grazing time
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- mixed pastures
- bison
- controlled grazing
- South Dakota
- vegetation
- grazing intensity
- nitrogen content
- prairies
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordA rising plate meter (RPM) and ocular estimation of herbage fresh weight (OCES) were compared as double sampling methods to measure herbage dry weight (DWT) in a mountain meadow grazed by cattle (0,…Publication Date 1989-01-01
- mountains
- mountain areas
- meadows
- measurements
- highlands
- estimation
- California
- biomass
- range management
- forage
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of N fertilization on spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa Lamarck) and competing vegetation were studied at 2 sites in western Montana during 1981 through 1984. The N was applied 1 time…Publication Date 1989-05-01
- Centaurea maculosa
- crested wheatgrass
- quackgrass
- Agropyron cristatum
- Agropyron repens
- biomass
- yield
- Library Collection RecordAbove- and belowground net primary production (ANPP and BNPP) were compared between a 30-year-old crested wheatgrass site and an adjacent native shortgrass prairie. ANPP was estimated using…Publication Date 1989-03-01
- roots
- Agropyron cristatum
- Wyoming
- prairies
- biomass
- grasses
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