Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThe introduction of perennial legumes into warm-season grass pastures has been shown to improve both forage quality and animal performance. Illinois bundleflower (Desmanthus illinoensis (Michs.) MacM…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- Paraquat
- direct seeding
- plowing
- crop establishment
- Panicum coloratum
- mixed pastures
- Desmanthus illinoensis
- broadcasting
- sown grasslands
- competitive ability
- Desmanthus
- biomass production
- plant density
- Texas
- plant competition
- Library Collection RecordThe Bowen ratio/energy balance technique was used to estimate evaporation (E) from honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr. var. glandulosa) as the difference in total E (plant and soil) between…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- bowen ratio/energy balance
- evaporation
- evapotranspiration
- sap flow
- ground cover
- Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa
- energy balance
- transpiration
- Texas
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordJustification for controlling honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr. var. glandulosa) on rangelands has been traditionally related to enhanced livestock production from increased herbage…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- net primary production
- water yield
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- Nassella leucotricha
- Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa
- brush control
- leaf area index
- pastures
- vegetation
- growth rate
- biomass production
- Texas
- range management
- forage
- Library Collection RecordHerbicides were applied aerially to honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) in the Rolling Plains and Edwards Plateau land resource areas of Texas to evaluate efficacy during late season…Publication Date 1991-01-01
- aerial applications
- woody weeds
- timing
- application timing
- 2,4,5-T
- Prosopis glandulosa
- brush control
- weed control
- chemical control
- picloram
- application rates
- Texas
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordUtilization patterns of cattle were related to pasture characteristics in a nonrandom and complex manner. Six mixed brush pastures on the Rio Grande Plains (244-356 ha) that were topographically flat…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- consumption patterns
- availability
- mixed pastures
- foraging
- environmental factors
- grazing behavior
- spatial distribution
- cattle
- plant density
- Texas
- range management
- botanical composition
- grazing
- grasses
- forage
- Library Collection RecordLittle information is available on goat nutrition and diet selection on shrub-dominated ranges. This study examined the botanical and nutritive composition of Angora and Spanish goat diets, and…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- alfalfa
- alfalfa hay
- digestible energy
- Quercus havardii
- fiber content
- pastures
- tannins
- hay
- crude protein
- feed supplements
- diets
- goats
- in vitro digestibility
- Texas
- botanical composition
- nutritive value
- forage
- feed intake
- Library Collection RecordEmergence of broadcast-seeded kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L. 'Selection 75') was compared for 2 seasons in short-duration grazed (SDG) areas and ungrazed exclosures in the Texas Rolling…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- soil strength
- Panicum coloratum
- controlled grazing
- seedling emergence
- stocking rate
- pastures
- cattle
- Texas
- soil compaction
- trampling
- Library Collection RecordThe relationship of fecal nitrogen fractions and condensed tannins dietary crude protein, in vitro organic matter digestibility, and intake of steers was assessed to determine the suitability of…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- organic matter
- digestible energy
- nutrient intake
- prediction
- feces
- steers
- crude protein
- diets
- in vitro digestibility
- nitrogen content
- Texas
- nutritive value
- Library Collection RecordShort-duration grazing (SDG) has been purported to increase forage production and utilization compared to other grazing systems, and thus can sustain higher stocking rates. This study was designed to…Publication Date 1990-03-01
- availability
- stocking rate
- pastures
- cattle
- plant density
- Texas
- botanical composition
- grazing
- forage
- Library Collection RecordTranspiration rates and internal water relationships of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) were investigated weekly during May through September 1986 on sandy loam and clay loam, both upland sites…Publication Date 1991-03-01
- leaf angle
- facultative phreatophytes
- stress response
- matric potential
- clay loam soils
- leaves
- waxes
- Prosopis glandulosa
- phreatophytes
- drought tolerance
- leaf conductance
- sandy loam soils
- soil water content
- xylem water potential
- Texas
- temperature
- drought
- canopy
- water stress
- Library Collection RecordLocation and amount of subsurface water may ifiuenee the degree of dependence of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) on shallow lateral roots to supply water. The objective of this study was…Publication Date 1990-09-01
- water uptake
- abiotic stress
- slicing
- matric potential
- Prosopis glandulosa
- stomatal conductance
- roots
- water availability
- root systems
- leaf water potential
- Texas
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordTexas wintergrass (Stipa leucotricha Trin. & Rupr.) is an important cool-season, perennial forage grass in Texas. Seed handling problems and a limited knowledge of germination and establishment…Publication Date 1989-01-01
- flowers
- water potential
- Nassella leucotricha
- heat stress
- viability
- plant morphology
- germination
- Texas
- establishment
- temperature
- water stress
- Library Collection RecordArmed saltbush [Atriplex acanthocarpa (Torr.) Wats.] and fourwing saltbush [A. canescens (Pursh) Nutt.] are browsed by livestock and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Raf.). The objective of…Publication Date 1988-09-01
- atriplex acanthocarpa
- Atriplex canescens
- Odocoileus virginianus
- species
- digestibility
- semiarid zones
- Texas
- rangelands
- livestock
- forage
- plant height
- chemical constituents of plants
- Library Collection RecordAverage ignition costs per ha for aerial and ground ignited prescribed burns in redberry juniper (Juniperus pinchotii)-mixed grass communities were compared to determine the feasibility of using…Publication Date 1988-09-01
- ignition devices and methods
- aerial methods
- Juniperus pinchotii
- economic analysis
- prescribed burning
- Texas
- range management
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordAn economic analysis of alternative stocking rate adjustment tactics is performed using a simulation model which emulates the annual decision-making situation of a rancher. The model includes…Publication Date 1989-03-01
- computer software
- investment
- cattle production
- optimization
- decision making
- stocking rate
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordA study was conducted in the Texas Rolling Plains to test the hypotheses that short-duration grazing increases plant density and diversity in grasslands. Densities of 9 species of winter annual forbs…Publication Date 1989-09-01
- annuals
- rotational grazing
- grazing intensity
- Texas
- botanical composition
- Library Collection RecordThe establishment of several high yielding grasses was examined on the Texas High Plains as an alternative to row crop agriculture. The species were Blackwell switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), El Reno…Publication Date 1989-07-01
- Bothriochloa ischaemum var. ischaemum
- bothriochloa intermedia var. indica
- overwintering
- varieties
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- Eragrostis curvula
- sown grasslands
- seedling emergence
- stand establishment
- sandy soils
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- Bothriochloa bladhii
- Panicum virgatum
- sandy loam soils
- growth rate
- semiarid zones
- Texas
- crop yield
- Library Collection RecordFireline intensity (kW/m) was measured on 61 plots of weeping lovegrass [Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees.] and tobosagrass [Hilaria mutica (Buckl.) Benth.] burned as headfires and backfires during…Publication Date 1988-09-01
- fireline intensity
- basal area
- Hilaria mutica
- Eragrostis curvula
- fires
- fire effects
- yields
- seeds
- prescribed burning
- land restoration
- Texas
- range management
- rangelands
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordAcute and chronic dietary deficiencies in macro and micro minerals have significant impacts on production efficiency on rangelands throughout the world. However, limited information is available on…Publication Date 1989-09-01
- mineral content
- dietary minerals
- Texas
- beef cattle
- forage
- Library Collection RecordSince short duration grazing (SDG) was introduced to Texas, concern for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has magnified because they are a species of major economic importance to ranchers.…Publication Date 1989-09-01
- Odocoileus virginianus
- rotational grazing
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordExperiments were conducted to identify treatments that increased emergence of seeds of 24 woody plant species native to the lower Rio Grande Valley of southern Texas. Sulfuric acid (18.4M H2 SO4)…Publication Date 1989-01-01
- greenhouse experimentation
- distilled water
- soaking
- flora
- gibberellic acid
- scarification
- seedling emergence
- woody plants
- Texas
- seed germination
- sulfuric acid
- Library Collection RecordResearch was conducted on the effects of rotational grazing (RG) compared to continuous grazing (CG) on the behavior of cattle grazing on rangelands. Different livestock densities in the RG…Publication Date 1989-07-01
- grazing time
- continuous grazing
- grazing experiments
- stocking rate
- pastures
- rotational grazing
- grazing intensity
- grazing behavior
- spatial distribution
- cattle
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordRotational grazing is commonly assumed to improve livestock distribution compared to continuous grazing, but little evidence supports this contention. Research was conducted on the effects of…Publication Date 1989-03-01
- rotational grazing
- Texas
- grasses
- beef cattle
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordSecondary brush species (found as minor components of the climax community and those from lower seral stages) have increased after most prescribed burns on the Edwards Plateau of Texas. Originally,…Publication Date 1989-07-01
- land clearance
- Rhus
- rhus lanceolata
- Juniperus ashei
- Quercus
- topography
- brush control
- ecological succession
- prescribed burning
- plant communities
- plant density
- Texas
- range management
- botanical composition
- Library Collection RecordA technique has been developed that facilitates removal of green leafy material from stems of shrub species using a thresher. Use of this technique makes possible the rapid removal of leaves from…Publication Date 1988-11-01
- separation
- threshing drums
- nutrients
- leaves
- browse plants
- Odocoileus virginianus
- woody plants
- herbivores
- diet studies
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to determine the variability of Ca, Mg, K, Cu, Zn, and K/(Ca+Mg) ratio in 'Jose' tall wheatgrass [Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey],…Publication Date 1989-07-01
- cation ratios
- Onobrychis viciifolia
- zinc
- copper
- Elytrigia intermedia subsp. intermedia
- hybrids
- grass tetany
- mineral content
- ratios
- Agropyron desertorum
- Agropyron cristatum
- chemical composition
- potassium
- magnesium
- calcium
- Texas
- nutritive value
- beef cattle
- forage
- Elytrigia elongata
- Library Collection RecordFour separate studies evaluated several herbicides for reducing competition from overwintering weeds on sandy rangeland in west Texas. Air temperature was 10 degrees C with soil moisture adequate for…Publication Date 1989-09-01
- 2,4-D
- dicamba
- picloram
- Texas
- plant competition
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordResearch was initiated at the Texas Experimental Ranch in 1981 to quantify the effects of 2 livestock densities on forage quality in a rotational grazing (RG) treatment. Livestock densities evaluated…Publication Date 1987-07-01
- stocking rate
- pastures
- rotational grazing
- digestibility
- crude protein
- Texas
- quality
- livestock
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordThe need for forage plants that are productive in, and adapted to, semiarid conditions prompted us to examine the range and independence of assortment of nutritional qualities of wild stands of…Publication Date 1988-03-01
- Salsola
- water soluble compounds
- acid detergent fiber
- Southwestern United States
- physicochemical properties
- nitrates
- oxalates
- lignin
- crude protein
- California
- semiarid zones
- in vitro digestibility
- Texas
- Nevada
- nutritive value
- New Mexico
- Arizona
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordSeveral herbicides were evaluated for control of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Torr.) when applied with a tractor-mounted carpeted roller. Experiments were placed in stands with relatively high…Publication Date 1987-07-01
- application timing
- 2,4,5-T
- clopyralid
- evaluation
- pesticide application
- Prosopis glandulosa
- weed control
- chemical control
- plant density
- picloram
- Texas
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordOutcomes of net-present value analyses were projected for patterned applications of herbicide sprays and pellets to mixed brush in south Texas. Picloram + 2,4,5-T (1:1) were applied but 1987 costs of…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- application methods
- spraying
- integrated methods
- wildlife
- habitats
- cost-benefit analysis
- herbicides
- weed control
- Texas
- range management
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordNutritional studies frequently require an estimate of animal diet digestibility, but current in vitro techniques require costly fistulated animals, and variation in rumen fluid activity often results…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- feed mixing
- cellulases
- rumen fluids
- histology
- Poaceae
- diet studies
- cattle
- in vitro digestibility
- Texas
- rangelands
- forage
- Library Collection RecordForage production in subtropical regions usually requires fertilization to meet plant nutrient needs. This study was conducted to determine the influence of N and P application on yield response,…Publication Date 1988-01-01
- subtropics
- Cynodon dactylon
- Eragrostis curvula
- fertilizer application
- nutrient uptake
- water-use efficiency
- nitrogen
- phosphorus
- Texas
- crop yield
- forage
- Library Collection RecordChemical and botanical analyses of feces provide information on diet quality and composition that is not easily collected directly from a grazing animal. However, fecal excreta is readily available…Publication Date 1988-03-01
- chemical analysis
- drying
- physicochemical properties
- microscopy
- feces collection
- histology
- feces composition
- nitrogen
- ruminants
- diet studies
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordPredator use of La Copita Research Area, a 1,093-ha ranch in south Texas, was determined from 2,037 telemetry locations of 11 coyotes and 5 bobcats and numerous sightings of uncollared predators from…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- Felis
- Lynx rufus
- coyotes
- integrated methods
- hunting
- environmental impact reporting
- Texas
- wildlife management
- range management
- Library Collection RecordA low-cost, fixed-place, subcanopy rain shelter was constructed to facilitate studying water relations of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) growing in north Texas rangeland. This shelter, combined…Publication Date 1988-01-01
- plant-water relations
- shelters
- water use
- Prosopis glandulosa
- design
- rain
- Texas
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordNet returns from control of sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii) with tebuthiuron [N-(5-1,1-dimethylethyl 1,3,4,-thiadiazol-2-yl)-N, N′-dimethylurea] were evaluated for Southern High Plains ranges. A…Publication Date 1987-07-01
- discount rates
- production
- tebuthiuron
- economic analysis
- weed control
- Quercus havardii
- chemical control
- land restoration
- Texas
- rangelands
- livestock
- forage
- Library Collection RecordFourwing saltbush [Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.] seedlings from 4 western Texas tetraploid populations were established in uniform nurseries at San Angelo, Barnhart, and Marfa, Texas, in 1981 to…Publication Date 1987-07-01
- digestible organic matter
- phenotype
- ecotypes
- leaves
- flowers
- stems
- genetic variation
- Atriplex canescens
- mortality
- adaptation
- environmental factors
- phosphorus
- nutrient contents of plants
- crude protein
- land restoration
- Texas
- biomass
- phenology
- nutritive value
- canopy
- Library Collection RecordIndiangrass [Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash] is widely used in range seeding. Objectives of this study were to determine the effects of temperature, water potential, and sodium chloride on germination…Publication Date 1988-05-01
- moisture characteristic
- varieties
- regeneration
- sodium chloride
- soil water potential
- seed dispersal
- soil salinity
- efficiency
- germination
- Sorghastrum nutans
- Texas
- temperature
- Library Collection RecordRelationships between current season plant production and plant measurements (crown width and volume) were investigated for 4 South Texas shrubs collected during July, 1978. Shrubs investigated were…Publication Date 1987-07-01
- Eysenhardtia texana
- salvia ballotaeflora
- Acacia rigidula
- biomass determination
- volume determination
- Acacia berlandieri
- regression analysis
- loam soils
- Odocoileus virginianus
- Texas
- canopy
- Library Collection RecordMature downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) seeds collected in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas in mid-June did not germinate at summer temperatures even when supplied with adequate moisture. The after-…Publication Date 1987-11-01
- Kansas
- Bromus tectorum
- environmental factors
- Oklahoma
- Texas
- seed germination
- seed dormancy
- temperature
- climatic factors
- Library Collection RecordThe recommended practice for pricklypear (Opuntia spp.) control in western Texas has been aerial spraying with a 1:1 mixture of 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] and picloram (4-amino-3,5…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- physiology
- anatomy and morphology
- broadcast spraying
- spraying
- seasons
- Opuntia
- application timing
- herbicides
- weed control
- Texas
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordUnderstanding the temporal response of infiltration rate and interrill erosion to selected livestock grazing strategies is necessary for the continued soil and water conservation of rangeland.…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- water conservation
- soil water relations
- interrill erosion
- sediments
- grasslands
- runoff
- Texas
- range management
- livestock
- grazing
- infiltration
- Library Collection RecordGrazing trials in which treatments are compared at only 1 grazing intensity greatly outnumber those in which treatments are compared at several grazing intensities. This suggests that, compared to…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- data analysis
- Cynodon dactylon
- models
- liveweight gain
- regression analysis
- cultivars
- grazing experiments
- stocking rate
- steers
- grazing intensity
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordFunctional relationships between calf weights and various managerial and environmental factors were developed using 19 years of performance data from 8 cow-calf herds at the Texas Experimental Ranch…Publication Date 1987-07-01
- growth models
- variance
- liveweight gain
- calves
- Texas
- climatic factors
- rangelands
- grazing
- Library Collection RecordProfit maximizing combinations of livestock enterprises, plant control practices, and grazing management systems for ranches in the southern High Plains were examined. A typical ranch and a multi-…Publication Date 1987-11-01
- farm income
- linear programming
- timing
- grassland improvement
- ranching
- brush control
- Quercus havardii
- cattle
- Texas
- range management
- grazing
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordThe effect of doe harvest on the physical development of orphaned fawns is an important unanswered question in white-tailed deer management. Twenty-seven white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)…Publication Date 1988-07-01
- harvesting
- physical development
- deer farming
- doe harvesting
- progeny
- Odocoileus virginianus
- growth
- Texas
- wildlife management
- rangelands
- Library Collection RecordInterception, as a function of simulated rainfall intensity and duration, was determined for a midgrass [sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.)] and a shortgrass [curleymesquite (…Publication Date 1987-09-01
- flow
- interception (hydrology)
- Hilaria belangeri
- losses
- water yield
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- Quercus virginiana
- rain
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordFoliar cover of the shrub false broomweed (Ericameria austrotexana M.C. Johnston) was reduced 45 to 65% at the end of the first post-burn growing season and by an average of 29% at 4 years after…Publication Date 1988-01-01
- ericameria austrotexana
- pappophorum
- Hilaria belangeri
- Bouteloua
- brush control
- fires
- fire effects
- prescribed burning
- Poaceae
- Texas
- Library Collection RecordThe use of metal and plastic barriers to contain root systems of woody plants is presented as a method to study water relations and other physiological responses of field-grown shrubs. This method…Publication Date 1988-01-01
- plant physiology
- plant-water relations
- research
- Prosopis glandulosa
- containers
- root systems
- Texas