Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordBriske and Anderson measured the effects of defoliation on tiller characteristics and plant production in Schizachyrium scoparium gardens planted at different levels of tiller dispersion, but equal…Publication Date 1969
- plant density
- defoliation
- population structure
- plant production
- plant height
- tiller density
- Library Collection RecordBy the end of the second growing season in a Rhode Island salt marsh, biomass-removal plots had greater species richness than controls at high elevations (4.6 vs 2.4), while at low elevations,…Publication Date 1969
- biomass removal
- Juncus gerardi
- salt marsh
- species composition
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordBremer et al. measured soil surface carbon dioxide flux in an annually-burned Kansas tallgrass prairie to document the effects of clipping at continuous and intensive early-stocking levels, and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- soil respiration
- carbon budget
- clipping
- grazing strategies
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordIn this 3-year study of the vegetation in 4 livestock exclosures in North Dakota, Brand and Goetz found that the exclosures had greater graminoid leaf heights and greater mulch accumulation than the…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Bouteloua gracilis
- blue grama
- Carex filifolia
- Carex heliophila
- livestock exclosures
- Sedge
- species composition
- thread-leaf sedge
- Library Collection RecordIn 1969, grazing was excluded from the Appleton-Whittell Research Ranch after over a century of historic grazing. Researchers then compared vegetation in 1969 to current vegetation on the ranch, and…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- rest
- diversity
- plant-herbivore relationships
- vegetation cover
- Library Collection RecordBradley and Farge looked at the effects of ranching in south Texas on the distribution and home range of coyotes and bobcats. The La Copita research area installed a short duration grazing system on…Publication Date 1969
- wildlife management
- Canis latrans
- Felix rufus
- short duration grazing
- Library Collection RecordBradford et al. concluded that certain bird species can serve as indicators of extreme changes in rangeland condition. This in turn can be used to test the biological integrity of habitat that has…Publication Date 1969
- biological integrity
- bird
- Great Basin
- indicator
- rangeland
- Library Collection RecordBoyd determined if the distribution of Cakile maritima, a forage species preferred by deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus),on California coasts was impacted by deer mouse herbivory. C. maritima seed…Publication Date 1969
- Ammophila arenaria
- Cakile maritima
- competition
- deer mice
- exclosures
- invasion
- Peromyscus maniculatus
- seedling herbivory
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of long-term summer sheep grazing in southwestern Utah were measured in this study by comparing a sheep-grazed pasture to an ungrazed pasture (occasionally grazed by horses/cattle). The…Publication Date 1969
- desirable species
- forbs
- grazing pressure
- natural plant community
- range condition
- relic site
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordBowers measured plant species composition and cover in plots exposed to varying levels of herbivory (no grazing, small rodent grazing, small mammal grazing, and deer grazing) for four years in a…Publication Date 1969
- plant succession
- community colonization
- exclosures
- plant-herbivore interaction
- seed bank
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe purpose of this study was to determine if any of four grazing treatments had an effect on upland sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda) nest density and nest success. Nest density was lower for…Publication Date 1969
- stocking density
- Bartramia longicauda
- cattle grazing
- mixed-grass prairie
- nest density
- nesting success
- Library Collection RecordThe George River caribou herd in Quebec increased in size from the 1960's to the late 1980's before the population decreased to normal levels again in the early 1990's. Disturbances…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- trampling
- aerial photos
- Cladina
- George River caribou herd
- lichen succession
- plant remains
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of fall and spring grazing by sheep on cover components and recovery following a change in seasonality of grazing practices, were studied within long-term grazing treatments of three-tip…Publication Date 1969
- sheep
- herbivory
- Artemisia tripartita
- grazing season
- rangeland indicators
- resilience
- three-tip sagebrush
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to classify upland sites sampled from an area in and around Elk Island National Park, Alberta, Canada, into community types, and interpret the effects of fire and wild…Publication Date 1969
- Alberta
- prescribed burning
- aspen forest
- canonical correspondence analysis
- Elk Island National Park
- ordination
- TWINSPAN
- ungulate herbivory
- uplands
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, authors mapped soil depth, using the electromagnetic induction technique, on pastures managed for spring and fall grazing since 1924. Previous studies related the different vegetation…Publication Date 1969
- apparent conductivity
- Bedrock
- kriging
- site heterogeneity
- soil depth
- vegetation composition
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to quantify various overstory and understory plant community characteristics in the Populus forests on Elk Island National Park, Alberta, under different disturbance…Publication Date 1969
- topography
- above-ground net primary production (ANPP)
- national park
- prescribed fire
- Structure
- ungulate herbivory
- Library Collection RecordAuthors measured the removal of acorns and seedling recruitment from surface-sown and buried acorns for two years, at two sites in California, a north-slope forest and a ridgetop savanna. Throughout…Publication Date 1969
- Blue Oak
- Quercus douglasii
- California
- gophers
- Mice
- predation
- acorn
- Exclosure
- interaction
- oak
- Seedling
- woodland
- Library Collection RecordTo determine the effects of competition and herbivory on plant growth in plant communities with low, medium or high levels of biomass, target plants were transplanted to plots with and without…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- Ontario
- Poa compressa
- Canada
- Aboveground Biomass
- competition
- old field
- plant growth
- population regulation
- Library Collection RecordAccording to Bogen et al., grazing of foothills rough fescue (Festuca campestris) plants, that have been recently burned by wildfire, may be detrimental to the future reproduction and growth of those…Publication Date 1969
- deferment
- defoliation intensity
- etiolated growth
- Herbage Yield
- resilience
- tillers
- Library Collection RecordFungal endophytes, which naturally grow in some plant leaves and stems, can act as a defense against herbivory and may or may not be advantageous to plants, depending on their exposure to herbivores…Publication Date 1969
- endophytes
- Lolium perenne
- clipping
- fungicide
- Greenhouse Study
- plant defense
- Ryegrass
- Library Collection RecordBock et al. looked at the effect that long term cattle grazing has had on the habitat selection of the bunchgrass lizard in southwest Arizona. Bock et al. found that lizards were ten times more…Publication Date 1969
- predation
- Bunch Grass
- habitat degradation
- Library Collection RecordCalifornia bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis californiana) home range position shifted and range size was reduced when cattle (Bos taurus) were relocated into an allotment adjacent to sites with high…Publication Date 1969
- Bos taurus
- California bighorn sheep
- escape terrain
- home range position
- Ovis canadensis californiana
- range size
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this 8-year study was to evaluate the ecosystem-level impacts of no-grazing vs. sustained moderate and heavy cattle grazing, in terms of plant species basal cover, density, and…Publication Date 1969
- climactic variation
- grazing pressure
- litter and root decomposition
- mixed grass prairie
- net primary production
- net soil N mineralization
- nitrogen loss
- soil carbon
- soil nitrogen
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, long-term exclosures were used to determine the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) herbivory on soil physical and chemical characteristics in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), aspen (Populus…Publication Date 1969
- leaching
- nitrogen mineralization
- grazing
- Cervus elaphus
- elk
- ungulate grazing
- Library Collection RecordBillbrough and Richards measured the response of grazing-intolerant Artemisia plants and grazing-tolerant Purshia plants to 3 levels of simulated browsing. Increased use of Artemisia plants resulted…Publication Date 1969
- Artemisia tridentata
- Purshia tridentata
- compensatory growth
- browsing tolerance
- developmental plasticity
- Great Basin-sagebrush steppe
- herbivory tolerance
- morphological constraints
- plant-herbivore interactions
- resource allocation patterns
- Library Collection RecordOver a three year long experiment in Utah, sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana) had an overall linear (excurrent) growth form, with the leader long shoot much larger than lateral long…Publication Date 1969
- sagebrush
- bitterbrush
- Purshia tridentata
- artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana
- branch architecture
- bud fates
- developmental morphology
- Library Collection RecordThis paper examined the extent of soil compaction due to cattle traffic around both hardwood and softwood tree seedlings, established in an existing pasture and subject to cattle pressure. Results…Publication Date 1969
- nitrogen
- seedlings
- bulk density
- cattle traffic
- compaction
- penetrometer
- silvo-pasture
- Library Collection RecordVegetative and cryptogamic crust cover and biomass were measured at ungrazed, previously grazed and presently grazed sites, within and near Grand Canyon National Park. Cryptogamic crust cover and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing intensity
- trampling
- crust biomass
- crust cover
- grazing history
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThis study assessed the effects of stress (grazing) on VAM-fungal colonization of a major forage species, crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum). Changes in root colonization of crested…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Glomus mosseae
- Glomus constrictum
- phosphorus nutrition
- root/shoot ratio
- vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM)
- Library Collection RecordThe authors investigated the growth response of beaked hazel (Corylus cornuta) at four sites within Elk Island National Park, with and without grazing, at the plant and community levels, to determine…Publication Date 1969
- beaked hazel
- Boreal Forest
- browsing release
- Corylus cornuta
- current annual growth
- exclosures
- shrub morphology
- Library Collection RecordThe model developed in this study found that wildlife habitat could be improved by reducing cattle (Bos taurus) grazing intensity from 556 AUMs to 325 AUMs on the study site. Heavy grazing pressure…Publication Date 1969
- Odocoileus virginianus
- cattle grazing
- Colinus virginianus
- economic tradeoffs
- northern bobwhite
- white-tailed deer
- Library Collection RecordIpomopsis aggregata exhibits substantial powers of regrowth following removal of its primary shoot by herbivores, but Bergelson and Crawley found no evidence of overcompensation in several studies: 1…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- regrowth
- Exclosure
- Ipomopsis aggregata
- overcompensation
- Rocky Mountains
- scarlet gilia
- simulated herbivory
- Library Collection RecordBergelson examined the ability of scarlet gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata) to compensate for grazing on young bolting shoots at 14 sites, distributed throughout the northwest United States. Scarlet gilia…Publication Date 1969
- shade
- regrowth
- deer
- elk
- Exclosure
- overcompensation
- reproductive growth
- Rocky Mountains
- simulated herbivory
- Library Collection RecordIn this 3 year study, Berdahl et al. measured the survival and vigor of 11 alfalfa (Medicago spp.) cultivars intermixed with native species, in a North Dakota grassland, after heavy sheep grazing.…Publication Date 1969
- alfalfa cultivars
- clipping
- competition
- grazing pressure
- habitat suitability
- Medicago spp.
- Library Collection RecordIn this Indiana greenhouse study, Benner found that total seed weight per Thlaspi arvense plant was higher for early-removal plants than late removal, under all nutrient treatments, but intact…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- seed production
- apex removal
- garlic weed
- mineral nutrient addition
- stinkweed
- Thlaspi arvense
- Library Collection RecordThe purpose of this review is to look into the history of the debate on the benefits of herbivory to plants and to illustrate that many ecologists believe that herbivory can increase plant fitness…Publication Date 1969
- compensatory growth
- dynamic models
- grazing tolerance
- herbivore optimization
- overcompensation
- plant antiherbivore strategies
- plant-herbivore mutualism
- Library Collection RecordAlthough the increased plant growth and reproduction, that occasionally follow grazing, can be interpreted in terms of overcompensation, a simpler explanation is that they demonstrate vigorous…Publication Date 1969
- compensatory growth
- dynamic models
- grazing tolerance
- herbivore optimization
- overcompensation
- plant antiherbivore strategies
- plant-herbivore mutualism
- Library Collection RecordThis review examined studies that strongly suggest that livestock, as well as fire suppression, logging, and other anthropogenic activities have contributed to altered ponderosa pine and mixed…Publication Date 1969
- fire
- interior western United States
- livestock grazing
- mixed-conifer forests
- ponderosa pine
- stand dynamics
- upland forests
- Library Collection RecordIn this article, Belsky states that if overcompensation in total productivity is ever found in natural communities, it will most probably be found in moderately grazed wetlands such as the ones…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- community
- ecosystem
- natural communities
- organism scales
- overcompensation
- Library Collection RecordReview article, no summary available.Publication Date 1969
- Library Collection RecordReview article, no summary available.Publication Date 1969
- Library Collection RecordThis 3-year experiment in West Virginia was designed to determine the effects of repeated defoliation, based on canopy height, on the seasonal distribution of herbage mass and growth rates of cool-…Publication Date 1969
- productivity
- Dactylis glomerata
- defoliation
- Bromus willdenowii
- cool-season grasses
- Festuca arundinacea x Lolium perenne
- Growth Rates
- orchardgrass
- prairie grass
- tall fescue x perennial ryegrass hybrid
- Library Collection RecordBeever et al. examined disturbance created by feral horses (Equus caballus), in 9 mountain ranges of the western Great Basin, USA, in Nevada, using plants, mammals, ants, and soil compaction, as…Publication Date 1969
- Equus caballus
- grazing
- monitoring
- Nevada
- broad spatial scales
- disturbance
- feral horses
- Great Basin
- landscape ecology
- reciprocal averaging
- semiarid ecosystems
- TWINSPAN
- Library Collection RecordBeever et al. modeled the impacts of cattle and burros grazing on soil and vegetation in the Mojave National Preserve among years and environmental gradients. Soil aggregate stability increased as…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- biological invasions
- hierarchical linear models
- information theoretic analysis
- Mojave Desert
- non-native plants
- Schismus barbatus
- soil-aggregate stability
- Library Collection RecordOne of the many possible influences that Beever et al. looked at as part of their study about pika (Ochotona princeps) extirpation in the hydrographic Great Basin area was ungulate grazing. Evident…Publication Date 1969
- biogeography
- extinction
- feral herbivory
- hydrographic Great Basin
- montane alpine habitat
- native herbivory
- ungulate grazing
- Library Collection RecordBeever and Brussard determined that areas where feral horses have been removed have a higher RRR (realized richness of rodents) than sites where feral horses were currently occupying. Numerically,…Publication Date 1969
- Equus caballus
- reptiles
- sagebrush
- feral-horse grazing
- granivorous small mammals
- Great Basin
- Peromyscus maniculatus
- pocket mouse
- species pools
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Beck and Peek determined the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) use and cattle (Bos taurus) use on three mountain meadows in northeastern Nevada during different seasons through exclosure…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- Bos taurus
- cattle
- compensation
- utilization
- clipping treatments
- elk
- grazing exclosures
- meadow production
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordBeck and Peek examined diet composition and forage selection as means of competition between four ungulate species in northeastern Nevada. High diet overlap of forbs was seen between elk, mule deer…Publication Date 1969
- alkaloids
- cattle
- Nevada
- diet overlap
- domestic sheep
- feeding sites
- spurred lupine
- Library Collection RecordBeck and Mitchell compiled a literature review of grazing effects on sage grouse habitat. They found that proper grazing techniques can enhance, at worst, maintain suitable habitat for sage grouse,…Publication Date 1969
- Artemisia tridentata
- Centrocercus urophasianus
- livestock grazing
- sage grouse
- sagebrush habitat
- Library Collection RecordIn this North Dakota study, Bauer et al. compared organic C, total N, total P, organic P, and inorganic P contents, and bulk density of grazed and nongrazed (relict) grasslands to assess the effect…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- organic matter
- bulk density
- modeling
- nutrient cycling
- organic C
- organic P
- total N
- total P