Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordPlains cottonwood and peachleaf willow seedling establishment was studied to determine the effects of seedbed disturbance and irrigation along Boulder Creek, Colorado (40° 3' N, 105° 8…Publication Date 1969
- Populus deltoides
- disturbance
- Flood
- natural seedfall
- peachleaf willow
- plains cottonwood
- restoration
- riparian
- Salix amygdaloides
- seedling establishment
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation, compaction, nutrient return, and season of use were examined on three study areas (Willow Creek, approximately 16 km north-northwest of Brogan, Oregon, Valley Creek…Publication Date 1969
- Agrostis stolonifera
- Meadow Foxtail
- Alopecurus pratensis
- defoliation
- Carex spp.
- compaction
- nutrient return
- redtop
- Sedge
- Library Collection RecordIndividual species response to grazing, physical disturbance, competition and fire was analyzed at a population-level and community-level in the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania (34˚ 05â…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivores
- species diversity
- Community organization
- community structure
- disturbance
- functional response group
- mammalian grazer
- Manipulation
- Library Collection RecordThree new predictions of grazing impacts on arid rangelands: (plant species richness will exhibit a negative but moderate decrease with grazing; a separate degradation state within the impact zone…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- soil texture
- Australia
- arid lands
- desert
- distance gradients
- disturbance
- state and transition models
- water remoteness
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of disturbances caused by greater snow goose (Chen caerulescens atlantica) grubbing, ice scouring, and the combination of the two were examined on a tidal marsh (47° 00’N ; 70° 35’…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- primary production
- Quebec
- disturbance
- grubbing
- ice drift
- plant dynamics
- Scirpus marsh
- St. Lawrence estuary
- Library Collection RecordLong-term changes in plant community composition and vegetative structure were measured using 10 permanent plots established in 1992 and revisited in 2001. Permanent plots were established in four…Publication Date 1969
- monitoring
- disturbance
- Great Basin National Park
- livestock removal
- riparian ecosystems
- tree diameter
- woody vegetation
- Library Collection RecordAdler and Lauenroth recorded canopy cover, density, litter, bareground, soil texture, and small mammal activity on eight paired plots of moderately grazed pastures and ungrazed exclosures.…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- plant competition
- Bouteloua gracilis
- Buchloe dactyloides
- Agropyron smithii
- Stipa comata
- Aristida longiseta
- bunchgrasses
- disturbance
- Moran's I
- Sitanion hystrix
- spatial dependence
- Library Collection RecordA two year study was conducted in Newfoundland on the Gros Morne National Park, a boreal ecosystem, to determine the level of susceptibility to invasion and if any kind of disturbance would cause…Publication Date 1969
- soil pH
- herbivory
- forests
- boreal ecosystem
- disturbance
- human activity
- natural areas
- weed spread
- Library Collection RecordA short term greenhouse study examined the effects of species competition and clipping on carbon allocation in leafy spurge plants grown with Idaho fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and alfalfa plants.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Leafy spurge
- plant competition
- Medicago sativa
- carbon allocation
- Festuca idahoensis
- grazing tolerance
- noxious range weed
- Poa pratensis L.
- Library Collection RecordEstablishment and survival of five weeds were examined across a gradient from uplands to lowlands with 5 combinations of disturbances (long-term grazed, and grazed during experiment, long-term grazed…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- compensatory growth
- Cirsium arvense
- disturbance
- establishment
- Kochia scoparia
- landscape topography
- Lepidium densiflorum
- Salsola iberica
- Sisymbrium altissimum
- Library Collection RecordPlots in the southern Sierra Nevada’s were examined for species richness and cover of native and invasive species in three vegetation types (blue oak savanna, chaparral and coniferous forests)…Publication Date 1969
- alien plant species
- cover
- disturbance
- grazing history
- plant diversity
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordMcClaren and Anable measured the changes in density of Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana) and native grasses, and the proportion of lovegrass present along a livestock grazing intensity…Publication Date 1969
- invasive species
- Arizona
- disturbance
- mesquite-grass savanna
- repeated measure analysis
- Library Collection RecordIn disturbed plots, species richness decreased with intensity of disturbance in early summer and increased in midsummer. No difference in richness or species composition was detected between control…Publication Date 1969
- Solidago canadensis
- New Jersey
- Ambrosia artemisiifolia
- disturbance
- dominance
- old fields
- species coexistence
- species richness
- succession
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation on biomass distribution were studied in plants of Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, and Trifolium repens, collected from three different-aged pastures in British Columbia.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Holcus lanatus
- Lolium perenne
- Trifolium repens
- grass-grazer relationship
- pasture age
- Library Collection RecordWraith et al. compared soil moisture and plant water status on grazed and ungrazed portions of a 10-paddock, short duration grazing system, on established crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)…Publication Date 1969
- soil moisture
- water balance
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)
- leaf water potentials
- spring grazing
- Library Collection RecordA historical review of human activities influencing stream and riparian ecosystems in eastern Washington and Oregon shows that cumulative effects of resource uses and management, over the past two…Publication Date 1969
- Oregon
- Washington
- disturbance
- Resource Use
- riverine ecosystems
- Library Collection RecordThis study in the Southern Great Plains looked at grazing duration effects on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and grain yield. Growth and grain yield responses to grazing duration were…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- tillering
- forage
- leaf area index
- biomass
- winter wheat
- Triticum aestivum
- ground cover
- heading date
- Library Collection RecordWhite et al. measured the vegetative responses of a New Mexico blue grama rangeland to heavily stocked, short-duration grazing and moderately stocked, continuous grazing. In general, total produced…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- defoliation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- stocking rate
- blue grama
- grazing system
- Library Collection RecordIn this Maryland study to simulate deer browsing, Whigham quantified the temporal effects of annual experimental defoliation on the growth rate of leaves and belowground corms, on senescence of corms…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- reproduction
- Orchidaceae
- defoliation
- biomass allocation
- Tipularia discolor
- woodland herb
- woodland orchid
- Library Collection RecordFrom the time they initially colonize new areas, prairie dogs disturb grasslands by burrowing and grazing, thereby creating large patches of altered vegetation in the landscape. In this South Dakota…Publication Date 1969
- above-ground net primary production
- black-tailed prairie dogs
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- disturbance
- mixed-grass prairie
- N concentration
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe concentration of phenols, procyanidins, and protein in pine foliage was determined at two and eight weeks following mechanical defoliation of 0, 25, 50, and 75% in this greenhouse study. The…Publication Date 1969
- Pinus ponderosa
- Procyanidins
- defoliation
- Phenol
- ponderosa pine
- protein
- resistance
- Library Collection RecordValone and Kelt compared the effects of burning and grazing on summer and winter annuals and perennials, with regard to individual abundance, species richness, and diversity. On the grazed…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- species diversity
- disturbance
- fire
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordNormalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of experimental plots that were exposed to different intensities (5, 10, or 20 cm stubble height) and frequencies (0, 1, 3, or 6 times during the growing…Publication Date 1969
- prescribed burning
- grazing intensity
- defoliation
- grazing frequency
- normalized difference vegetation index
- remote sensing measurements
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordTaylor et al. concluded that the removal of cattle from Ash Springs and Browne Springs caused a healthy rebound of the fish population in that stream. They had predicted that cattle were introducing…Publication Date 1969
- ammonia
- nitrates
- disturbance
- endemic fishes
- Library Collection RecordTaylor and Littlefield examined the effects that a reduction in disturbance had on the population numbers of two passerine species in southeastern Oregon. Cattle have grazed quite extensively on the…Publication Date 1969
- willow
- disturbance
- passerine birds
- riparian habitat
- Library Collection RecordSvejcar and Christiansen measured root mass, root length, and leaf area index on Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa caucasica) pastures that were lightly or heavily grazed by cattle. Plants in heavily…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing intensity
- Bothriochloa caucasica
- Caucasian Bluestem
- grazing tolerance
- root length density
- root:shoot ratio
- Library Collection RecordDuring a study in Florida, in the first year of defoliation, dry matter (DM) harvested for 'Mott' elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 'S-Mott' varied little from that of the…Publication Date 1969
- Pennisetum glaucum
- elephant grass
- Pennisetum purpureum
- defoliation
- crude protein
- agronomic performance
- in vitro digestible organic matter
- pearl millet
- Pennisetum hybrids
- Library Collection RecordWhen herbivores preferentially feed on early successional species they may generate conditions favorable for these species and thus create a positive feedback. Positive feedbacks may create multiple…Publication Date 1969
- foraging
- grasslands
- herbivory
- alternate stable states
- disturbance
- herbivore population dynamics
- multiple stable state
- pocket gophers
- spatial structure
- succession
- Thomomys bottae
- Library Collection RecordRomo et al. examined the effects of cattle grazing and simulated grazing, at different times in the growing season on winterfat (Ceratoides lanata) growth and production to determine the appropriate…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- productivity
- Ceratoides lanata
- standing crop
- Winterfat
- Library Collection RecordLong-term (7-9 years) and short-term (1 year) grazing exclosures were used to determine the effects of grazing on plant and insect abundance, species richness and evenness over different time…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- community structure
- disturbance
- evenness
- exclosures
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordPolley and Detling examined the effects of defoliation on growth and nitrogen nutrition in populations of Agropyron smithii (western wheatgrass) collected from a heavily grazed black-tailed prairie…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grasslands
- biomass production
- nitrogen accumulation
- prairie dog colonies
- Library Collection RecordTo study disturbance in a system where minimal structure is not known, an initial, or the best available approximation to minimal structure should be used. Pickett et. al proposed an operational…Publication Date 1969
- stress
- disturbance
- ecological hierarchies
- minimal structure
- spatial dimension
- Library Collection RecordIndian ricegrass (Oryzopsis hymenoides) plants were clipped at anthesis in a field study that compared the seed production, weight, and germination of plants that were exposed to heavy grazing or…Publication Date 1969
- protection
- defoliation
- germination
- viability
- ecotypic variation
- Indian Ricegrass
- Oryzopsis hymenoides
- Library Collection RecordA simulation model was created and verified using data from field experiments, to determine the compensatory growth of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) after grazing, at different times…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- defoliation
- production model
- ramet population model
- ramets
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordMosley looked at the possibilities of sheep grazing to enhance the aspects of food, cover, water and space for numerous wildlife species. He points out that grazing can improve habitat for species…Publication Date 1969
- Space
- water
- cover
- disturbance
- niche
- symbiotic relationships
- Library Collection RecordMiller and Rose measured the effects of simulated autumn herbivory on crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) tiller mortality and plant growth. Tiller recruitment was lower in the autumn…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- roots
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Allocation
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordThrough GIS analysis of aerial photographs, Miller et al. evaluated vegetation alteration and mudflat/open-water-area landscape changes, and the disturbance agents related to any changes from 1939-…Publication Date 1969
- Distichlis spicata
- GIS
- cattle herbivory
- disturbance
- fire
- landscape pattern dynamics
- patch dynamics
- wetland vegetation loss
- Library Collection RecordUngrazed, lightly grazed, and heavily grazed intensity treatments for 50 years, in short-grass steppe of Colorado, were assessed in terms of forage nitrogen concentrations, nitrogen yields, and in…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- precipitation
- nitrogen
- grazing history
- Grazing Intensities
- nutritional quality
- Library Collection RecordIn Colorado, Milchunas et al. assessed the effects of 45 years of controlled, heavy grazing by cattle and grazing exclosures on the basal cover and density of species in plant communities along…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- landscape
- catena
- community structure
- disturbance
- evolutionary history
- shortgrass steppe
- Library Collection RecordMilchunas et al. examined plant community relationships across various scales and disturbance phenomena with the question of whether or not underlying generalities exist. They also examined the…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- belowground herbivory
- disturbance
- diversity
- evolutionary history
- nutrient enrichment
- semiarid grassland
- Library Collection RecordIn southern British Columbia, McLean and Wikeem conducted clipping trials at two upper grassland sites for rough fescue, two lower grassland sites for crested wheatgrass, and one site each in the…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass
- British Columbia
- grazing
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- growth cycle
- rough fescue
- Library Collection RecordPlants of two species of Sesbania were defoliated in patterns designed to reveal the level of integrated response. For field grown plants, defoliation caused fruit abortion on the defoliated…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- yield components
- integrated physiological unit
- metamer
- modular growth
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to examine flexibility in allocation to storage and reproduction with respect to loss of leaf area in Trillium grandiflorum, a perennial herb of temperate deciduous…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- resource allocation
- deciduous forest
- reproductive biology
- spring ephemeral
- total nonstructural carbohydrates
- Trillium grandiflorum
- Library Collection RecordJaramillo and Detling raised samples of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) from heavily grazed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies and lightly grazed uncolonized sites in Wind Cave National Park…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- defoliation
- blue grama
- clipping
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- grass
- grassland
- grazing history
- nitrogen accumulation
- nutrient accumulation
- prairie dogs
- Library Collection RecordThe authors tested the effects of clipping and root herbivory, both separately and combined, on the growth and leaf gas exchange of sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula). Nematodes (…Publication Date 1969
- Sideoats grama
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- defoliation
- fine roots
- net photosynthesis
- root-feeding nematodes
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores influence growth, recruitment, and mortality rates of plants and may do so in ways correlated with plant density, frequency, or other neighborhood traits, or with competitive abilities.…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- vegetation
- competition
- disturbance
- frequency-dependence
- Library Collection RecordReview of several types of disturbances on the health and invasibility of natural plant communities. In the grazing section of the paper, the authors state that grazing is only detrimental in areas…Publication Date 1969
- species diversity
- grazing
- disturbance
- Ecosystem function
- historical use
- invasibility
- Library Collection RecordHendon and Briske investigated the response of Texas cupgrass (Eriochloa sericea), a warm season perennial bunchgrass, to clipping of 75% of canopy volume prior-, during, and post- culm elongation,…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- defoliation
- mortality
- Eriochloa sericea
- herbivory-sensitivity
- perennial bunchgrass
- Texas cupgrass
- tiller demography
- Library Collection RecordHaferkamp et al. measured the effects of clipping in May or June on western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) growth and tiller dynamics in plots with and without competition from annual brome (Bromus…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Bromus japonicus
- competition
- forage production
- Japanese brome
- Pascopyrum smithii
- simulated grazing
- western wheatgrass
- Library Collection RecordGreen and Kauffman examined species frequency, richness, evenness, and utilization in grazed pastures and ungrazed exclosures in 8 plant communities, over a 10 year period, in a northeastern Oregon…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- species diversity
- community succession
- disturbance
- riparian