Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordSouth Africa is poorly endowed with natural forests, and is heavily dependent on plantations of exotic forestry species to meet its timber needs. The first forest plantations of exotic trees were…Publication Date 2007
- forest plantations
- Hydrological impacts
- legislation
- Licensing
- South Africa
- hydrology
- land use
- monitoring
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNo abstract availablePublication Date 2006
- Wildfire risk classification
- Vegetation fire management legislation
- fire
- management
- legislation
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordElevated levels of nitrate in streamwaters draining forested catchments in the eastern escarpment area of South Africa are thought to occur as a result of land use change from natural high altitude…Publication Date 2006
- Nitrogen mineralisation
- nitrification
- nitrogen fixation
- nitrate leaching
- forest soils
- land use
- degradation
- grasslands
- pollution
- nutrient loads
- Soil Condition
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIdentification of the factors that determine the variation in browse quality, as determined by their chemical composition, is an important step towards understanding herbivore distribution patterns.…Publication Date 2006
- nitrogen
- phosphorus
- Condensed tannin
- Polyphenol
- Colophospermum mopane
- fire
- savanna
- foliage
- Ecosystem drivers
- forage quality
- diet selection
- soils
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordRemote sensing has successfully been applied to map the distribution of canopy dominating invasive species. Many invaders however, do not dominate the canopy, and remote sensing has so far not been…Publication Date 2006
- remote sensing
- GIS
- Chromolaena odorata
- seed production
- light intensity
- invasive species
- mapping
- Alien invasive species
- Landsat images
- grazing
- biological control
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis study reviewed the distribution of ten common savanna trees in Namibia. Tree distributions were investigated in relation to bioclimatic, topographic and edaphic variables at a national scale.…Publication Date 2006
- biogeography
- climate change
- forestry
- Plant functional attributes
- southern Africa
- Vegetation history
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordReconstructions of African palaeoenvironments are essential for a full understanding of early hominin evolution, but they are often hampered by low-resolution or discontinuous climatic data. Here we…Publication Date 2007
- stable isotopes
- flowstone
- South Africa
- Homo
- savannahs
- Precession
- palaeoclimate
- palaeoenvironmental data
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLand use intensification on shrinking forage resources characterizes many livestock producing communities. Remotely sensed images can show land cover change, but how household decision making is…Publication Date 2007
- Land cover
- Landsat GeoCover
- change detection
- Image differencing
- NDVI
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper traces the history of grazing policy, its conceptual basis, practical implementations and outcomes, in three southern African countries. In spite of the divergent environmental conditions…Publication Date 2006
- pastoralism
- Communal land
- rangeland management
- rangeland ecology
- policies
- grazing
- communal farming
- rangelands
- management
- Sustainable development
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe impact of the herbicide concentration (0.10-10[punctuation space]000 [mu]g kg-1) and addition of organic and inorganic nutrients on mecoprop, 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T mineralization in aquifer and soil…Publication Date 2007
- Phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides
- Biostimulation
- Natural attenuation
- Groundwater aquifer
- herbicides
- soils
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordClimate change factors interact to modify plant growth and development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response to temperature of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman)…Publication Date 2007
- big bluestem
- biomass
- development
- Growth Rates
- Partitioning
- Seed number
- climate change
- temperature
- plant autecology
- plant production
- carbon dioxide
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPrecision agriculture (PA) is an innovative, int+O101egrated and internationally standardized approach aiming to increase the efficiency of resource use and to reduce the uncertainty of decisions…Publication Date 2008
- precision agriculture
- grassland
- Perspectives
- Constraints
- interdisciplinary research
- grasslands
- remote sensing
- plant production
- Economic Aspects
- agriculture
- decision support systems
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe most practical and effective method to increase dry matter production in rangelands is by adequate fertilization. N and K fertilizers have commonly been used worldwide to increase yield in…Publication Date 2008
- forage quality
- botanical composition
- mineral concentration
- harvest date
- cattle
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper describes a procedure for evaluating the desertification risk in threatened areas. The procedure is based on an eight-equation dynamic model of a generic human-resource system that can be…Publication Date 2008
- Desertification risk
- System Dynamics
- Alternative long-term states
- desertification
- modelling
- management
- grasslands
- sustainability
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper reports on the development and testing of a simulation model to assess the impacts of two seed-feeding biological control agents on the dispersal of an invasive perennial tree, Hakea…Publication Date 2008
- Hakea sericea
- South Africa
- biological control
- population dynamics
- seed dispersal
- Weibull distribution
- fire frequency
- seed banks
- Alien invasive species
- fire
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe self-thinning line is a very robust pattern, which can be obtained in modeling studies by a variety of different mechanistic assumptions. Our opinion is that we can only advance in our…Publication Date 2008
- Size inequality
- Competitive asymmetry
- Zone of influence model
- Arid savanna
- Acacia reficiens
- Namibia
- Parsimony
- Pattern-oriented modeling
- savanna
- vegetation dynamics
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMany mechanisms have been suggested to explain the coexistence of woody species and grasses in savannas, yet, evidence from field studies and simulation models has been mixed. Shrub encroachment is…Publication Date 2007
- Patch-dynamics
- Cyclical succession
- shrub encroachment
- Spatially explicit root growth
- Computer simulation model
- Validation
- Latin Hypercube sensitivity analysis
- Acacia mellifera
- savanna
- indigenous encroaching species
- vegetation dynamics
- ecosystem ecology
- modelling
- rainfall
- fire
- soil moisture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn arid and semi-arid savannas, species diversity is strongly influenced by structural diversity, which in these systems is characteristically formed by woody vegetation. Shrub encroachment,…Publication Date 2007
- Yellow mongoose
- rangelands
- Individual-based model
- shrub encroachment
- Spatial explicit
- structural diversity
- ecosystem ecology
- savanna
- biodiversity
- mammals
- indigenous encroaching species
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn semiarid savannas of Southern Africa current land use practices and climate change may lead to substantial changes of vegetation structure in the near future, however uncertainty remains about the…Publication Date 2006
- Acacia erioloba
- Bush encroachment
- global change
- Grewia flava
- overgrazing
- seed dispersal
- shrub encroachment
- Southern Kalahari
- Spatial-explicit simulation model
- savanna
- land use
- grazing
- climate change
- vegetation dynamics
- cattle
- ecosystem ecology
- ecosystem dynamics
- rainfall
- fire ecology
- modelling
- conservation
- management
- carrying capacity
- biodiversity
- indigenous encroaching species
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis work illustrates available best practices to run a sensitivity analysis for ecological models. The properties of recommended methods and their ranges of application are illustrated by applying…Publication Date 2007
- Ecological modelling
- population dynamics
- Sensitivity analysis
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe health of arid and semiarid lands needs to be monitored, particularly if they are used to produce food and fiber, and are prone to loss of vegetation cover and soil. Indicators of landscape…Publication Date 2007
- DEM
- land condition
- landscape function
- landscape metrics
- rangelands
- Vegetation patchiness
- remote sensing
- monitoring
- rangeland condition
- soil erosion
- landscape ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordUnlike any other biome, savannas consist of both trees and grasses in a persistent and equitable manner. This unique mixture of two different life forms attracted scientific scrutiny for decades.…Publication Date 2006
- Terminalia sericea
- Shallow root system
- savannas
- rainfall
- Etosha National Park
- grazing
- indigenous encroaching species
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA payments for ecosystem services (PES) system came about in South Africa with the establishment of the government-funded Working for Water (WfW) programme that clears mountain catchments and…Publication Date 2008
- Working for Water
- Payment mechanisms
- ecosystem services
- water supply
- Poverty relief
- Poverty
- Alien invasive species
- fire
- plant production
- biodiversity
- hydrology
- vegetation dynamics
- Economic Aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordCrop and rangelands are over 25% of the Earth's land area, and they are expanding. Agricultural ecosystems rely on a suite of supporting ecosystem services to provide food, fiber and fuel as…Publication Date 2007
- ecosystem services
- agriculture
- Nonmarket valuation
- research needs
- soil fertility
- policies
- Economic Aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordClassic rangeland theory advocates stocking rangelands at relatively low and constant levels. This theory has been labelled inappropriate for savanna rangelands, because savannas are strongly…Publication Date 2007
- Bush encroachment
- Disequilibrium theory
- Opportunistic strategies
- Grass-tree interactions
- fire
- livestock production
- savanna
- rangelands
- stocking rates
- management
- modelling
- sustainability
- animal production
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe discuss the search for optimal stocking regimes in semi-arid grazing lands. We argue that 'one size does not fit all' and that different stocking regimes are appropriate under different…Publication Date 2006
- stocking strategies
- grazing
- Opportunistic stocking
- Conservative Stocking
- Equilibrium dynamics
- rangeland ecology
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe analyze a dynamic and stochastic ecological-economic model of grazing management in semi-arid rangelands. The ecosystem is driven by stochastic precipitation. A risk averse farmer chooses a…Publication Date 2007
- Ecological-economic model
- Semi-arid rangeland
- grazing management
- Risk aversion
- uncertainty
- sustainability
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSustainability indicators based on local data provide a practical method to monitor progress towards sustainable development. However, since there are many conflicting frameworks proposed to develop…Publication Date 2006
- sustainability indicators
- Community empowerment
- stakeholders
- Local
- participation
- sustainability
- monitoring
- communal farming
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper revisits the debate over the relative effectiveness of 'conservative' and 'opportunistic' stocking strategies for African pastoral rangelands. The paper is based on a…Publication Date 2006
- rangelands
- cattle
- Pastoral strategy
- stocking rate
- Capital costs
- southern Africa
- Zimbabwe
- pastoralism
- stocking rates
- socio-economic aspects
- communal farming
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPalaeoenvironmental evidence indicative of former climatic conditions in the Eastern and adjoining Western Cape during the last ~ 45 000 yr is presented and summarised. Interstadial conditions began…Publication Date 2008
- Late Quaternary
- Last Glacial Maximum
- Late Glacial
- Holocene
- Palaeoclimatology
- palaeoenvironments
- South Africa
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordVariations in the nature and extent of southern Africa's winter rainfall zone (WRZ) have the potential to provide important information concerning the nature of long-term climate change at both…Publication Date 2007
- southern Africa
- winter rainfall zone
- Quaternary
- palaeoenvironment
- westerlies
- Last Glacial Maximum
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe soil's resistance to concentrated flow erosion is an important factor for predicting rill and (ephemeral) gully erosion rates. While it is often treated as a calibration parameter in process…Publication Date 2007
- soil erosion resistance
- critical shear stress
- soil erodibility
- concentrated flow
- flume experiments
- soil properties
- tillage practices
- soil erosion
- Soil Condition
- runoff
- agriculture
- no-till
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSoil erosion plots of different types and sizes are widely used to investigate the geomorphological processes related to soil erosion. This field method has provided a variety of results, depending…Publication Date 2006
- soil erosion
- erosion plots
- field methods
- spatial pattern
- scale-dependence
- exhaustion of material
- connectivity
- water fluxes
- sediment redistribution
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWildfire can lead to considerable hydrological and geomorphological change, both directly by weathering bedrock surfaces and changing soil structure and properties, and indirectly through the effects…Publication Date 2006
- wildfire
- forest fire
- rock weathering
- soil erosion
- mass movement processes
- sediment yield
- soil hydrophobicity
- infiltration
- peakflow
- total flow
- palaeofire
- global warming
- fire ecology
- soils
- hydrology
- erosion
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTropical African climate has oscillated between markedly wetter and drier conditions on all timescales in response to global climate disturbances. A step-like increase in aridity over the past 3 Ma…Publication Date 2006
- tropical Africa
- palaeoclimate
- Palaeohydrology
- Pliocene
- Quaternary
- Afrique tropicale
- Paleoclimats
- Paleohydrologie
- Pliocene
- Quaternaire
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe potential to provide environmental proxies using stable carbon isotopes from modern and archaeological charcoal is explored. Experiments on modern Podocarpus (Yellowwoods) show that ?13C values…Publication Date 2008
- Stable carbon isotopes
- Archaeological charcoal
- Palaeoenvironmental signals
- Middle Stone Age
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper forms part of a long-term study of land degradation in the Klein Seekoei valley in the Sneeuberg uplands about 30 km southwest of the town of Middelburg, South Africa (Fig. 1). Landscape…Publication Date 2006
- erosion
- Karoo
- rainfall intensity
- Stock numbers
- land degradation
- Gullies
- rainfall
- degradation
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWater erosion creates negative impacts on agricultural production, infrastructure, and water quality across the world. Regional-scale water erosion assessment is important, but limited by data…Publication Date 2006
- Review
- land degradation
- soil erosion
- remote sensing
- modelling
- Validation
- degradation
- agriculture
- plant production
- animal production
- satellite imagery
- monitoring
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordClimate matching can assist in exploration for biological control agents to control invasive organisms, especially when the native range of the target organism is broad, and control is required in a…Publication Date 2008
- Agent selection
- biological control
- Chromolaena odorata
- climate matching
- CLIMEX
- FloraMap
- Invasive alien species
- modelling
- Alien invasive species
- management
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordContinuous human population expansion pressure on conservation ecosystems restricts wildlife areas, and necessitates active management. In areas of changing land-use and increasing human-animal…Publication Date 2008
- Loxodonta africana
- Ranging behaviour
- Reaction time
- Cautious behaviour
- Response indicator
- GIS
- national parks
- management
- land use
- conservation
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe purpose of the study was to capture the restoration knowledge of land-users in lowland Namaqualand, South Africa to aid the development of restoration guidelines for this region. We interviewed…Publication Date 2008
- local knowledge
- mining
- Oral histories
- Succulent karoo
- semi-arid
- Wind erosion control
- windbreaks
- Wind-nets
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe impact of browsers on the structure of woody vegetation has been well documented in savanna landscapes but the spatial distribution of these impacts is poorly understood. Savannas are…Publication Date 2008
- Boundary
- elephant
- monitoring
- savanna
- scale
- spatial
- ecosystem dynamics
- animal impact
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordConserving African wildlife in human-occupied landscapes requires management intervention that is guided by a mechanistic understanding of how anthropogenic factors influence large-scale ecological…Publication Date 2007
- wildlife
- rainfall
- predation
- competition
- apparent competition
- Non-protected area
- management
- conservation
- grasslands
- eco - tourism
- cattle
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIt has been argued that the wide-scale provision of artificial surface water in semi-arid savannas may result in homogenisation of foraging regimes, compromising biodiversity and ecosystem resilience…Publication Date 2007
- Artificial waterholes
- surface water
- Water-dependency
- Grazing heterogeneity
- piosphere
- Kruger National Park
- savanna
- national parks
- conservation
- management
- ecosystem ecology
- landscape ecology
- GIS
- policies
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper explores whether spatial variation in the biodiversity values of vertebrates and plants (species richness, range-size rarity and number or proportion of IUCN Red Listed threatened species…Publication Date 2007
- Africa
- biodiversity
- Human infrastructure
- human population
- Tropical mountains
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNatural areas are becoming increasingly fragmented and embedded in an urban matrix. Natural and semi-natural areas at the urban/wildland interface are threatened by a variety of 'edge effects…Publication Date 2006
- Alien plant invasion
- biological invasions
- disturbance
- invasive alien plants
- non-native species
- Suburban gardens
- biodiversity
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAnts are increasingly being recognized as useful tools for land managers to monitor ecosystem conditions. However, despite an abundance of studies on ant responses to both environmental disturbance…Publication Date 2006
- climate change
- conservation
- indicator
- invasive
- restoration ecology
- Surrogate
- insects
- Ants
- monitoring
- management
- Alien invasive species
- ecosystem dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordHigh African elephant stocking rates in nature reserves in southern Africa have been shown to have significant impacts on vegetation structure and diversity. However, the direct and indirect effects…Publication Date 2006
- Habitat conversion
- Insect conservation
- protected areas
- Conservation management
- carrying capacity
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordBiodiversity in Africa, Madagascar and smaller surrounding islands is both globally extraordinary and increasingly threatened. However, to date no analyses have effectively integrated species values…Publication Date 2006
- Africa
- biodiversity
- species
- Non-species biological values
- threat
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWithin arid plant communities species vary considerably in the ability to germinate under water stress. Attempts to correlate this variation with environmental gradients have remained largely…Publication Date 2008
- dormancy
- drought tolerance
- facilitation
- Nurse plants
- PEG
- Predictive germination
- Seed mass
- soil moisture
- soil texture
- Southern Kalahari
- savanna
- germination
- seeds
- drought
- Africa
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