Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordIn this Utah study, Jones and Nielson evaluate the response of Snake River wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus ssp. wawawaiensis), thickspike wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus), and two…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- basal area
- Boot Stage
- Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus
- Elymus lanceolatus ssp. wawawaiensis
- Snake River wheatgrass
- spike number
- spring clipping
- Thickspike Wheatgrass
- Library Collection RecordJones conducted a quantitative review of the effects of cattle grazing in arid systems on 16 response variables ranging from soil bulk density to total vegetative cover to rodent species diversity.…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- arid ecosystems
- grazing effects
- meta-analysis
- rangeland conservation
- Library Collection RecordJohnson and Matchett explored the roles of grazing and burning on root growth in experimental watersheds at Konza Prairie, Kansas. Annual burning resulted in a 25% increase in root regrowth compared…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- Kansas
- soil respiration
- Konza Prairie
- N cycling
- net N mineralization
- root growth
- root ingrowth cores
- tallgrass prairie
- tissue chemistry
- Library Collection RecordJepson-Innes and Bock looked at the effect of cattle grazing on the abundance of grasshopper species on the Appleton-White Research Ranch in southeastern Arizona. The subfamilies Gomphocerinae,…Publication Date 1969
- Acrididae
- Arizona
- grazing
- abundance
- Gomphocerinae
- Melanoplinae
- Library Collection RecordHuntly tested the effects of pikas (Ochotona princeps) on talus-border vegetation by excluding pikas from small plots at several distances from talus on a site in Colorado. Vegetational cover and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- plant competition
- cushion plants
- Ochotona princeps
- perturbation experiment
- pikas
- plant community
- predation gradient
- refuging consumer
- sub-alpine meadow
- Library Collection RecordHulbert examines the history and use of the Konza Prairie in Kansas. The research management plan was developed in 1972, and it involved only burning because the area was to small. In 1977, grazing…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- Kansas
- mowing
- Konza Prairie Research Natural Area
- soils
- tallgrass prairie
- watershed studies
- Library Collection RecordThe data from 10 exclosures examined in Arizona shows few differences in species frequencies between the inside and outside, with some exceptions. The large amount of sameness between the grazed and…Publication Date 1969
- Arizona
- grazing
- grazing management
- Exclosure
- sagebrush grasslands
- Library Collection RecordIn this paper, Howe argues that history, recent experiments, and theory suggest that there is little compelling scientific argument for conservation or re-creation of a monotonous "tallgrass…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- species diversity
- conservation
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordThe authors evaluated changes in plant composition and forage productivity on two Chihuahuan Desert ranges with different grazing histories and different histories of woody plant control. A major…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- black grama
- Bouteloua eriopoda
- Chihuahuan Desert
- honey mesquite
- key forage species
- Mesa Dropseed
- Prosopis glandulosa
- Sporobolus flexuosus
- Library Collection RecordReview of several types of disturbances on the health and invasibility of natural plant communities. In the grazing section of the paper, the authors state that grazing is only detrimental in areas…Publication Date 1969
- species diversity
- grazing
- disturbance
- Ecosystem function
- historical use
- invasibility
- Library Collection RecordHobbs et al. hypothesized that grazing by large herbivores results in conservation of nitrogen that would otherwise be lost from burned grasslands. They tested this hypothesis in a series of…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- cattle
- grazing
- herbivory
- fire
- nitrogen budgets
- nutrient cycling
- patch dynamics
- spatial variation
- Library Collection RecordGrazing is needed for the maintenance of a grassland system. Hill notes that altering the well-documented relationship between producer and consumer (grass and herbivore) seems unwise. Removing…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivores
- grasslands
- management
- biological diversity
- policy
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of repeated simulated grazing on big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) plants, with and without mycorrhizal fungi, were measured Hetrick et al. in this greenhouse experiment. Big bluestem…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Andropogon gerardii
- symbiosis
- big bluestem
- Herbage Yield
- plant stress
- vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae
- Library Collection RecordHeitschmidt et al. examined the sustainability of the livestock grazing industry, in the Great Plains of North America, relative to ecological processes, economic viability, and social acceptance.…Publication Date 1969
- economic viability
- grazing
- ecological sustainability
- social acceptance
- Library Collection RecordPermanently marked tillers of five perennial grasses, native to the mixed-grass prairie of North America, were monitored on a pasture in Texas, to determine patterns of defoliation, architectural…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- mixed-grass prairie
- perennial grasses
- tiller defoliation
- Library Collection RecordFall burning and continuous grazing of California coastal prairie on upper, middle, and lower slopes had varied effect on 3 native perennial grasses. Foliar cover of California oatgrass (Danthonia…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- management
- California
- coastal grassland
- restoration
- Library Collection RecordThis study was initiated in 1984 to determine the feasibility of using cattle under operational conditions to enhance growth of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- seedlings
- Pseudotsuga menziesii
- Pinus ponderosa
- xylem
- Douglas-fir
- ponderosa pine
- water relations
- Library Collection RecordCurrent disturbance models (predation hypothesis, intermediate-disturbance hypothesis, and the Huston hypothesis) do not adequately account for the wide range of responses by grassland plants…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- evolutionary history of grazing
- grassland community structure
- grazing model
- Huston hypothesis
- intermediate-disturbance hypothesis
- moisture
- predation hypothesis
- Library Collection RecordAllen and Bartolome studied the impact of grazing by cattle and deer for reduction of shrubs and herbaceous plants on tree plantations established on clearcuts in the Sierra Nevada of California.…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- cattle
- deer
- conifer regeneration
- tree plantations
- Library Collection RecordAmmon and Stacey looked at the long term effects of cattle grazing on riparian habitat for song birds in northwestern Nevada. The authors looked at two 25-30 ha plots, one which had not seen…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- artificial nests
- nest success
- population declines
- riparian birds
- Library Collection RecordThis study determined the differences in reproductive biomass and seed production between grazed and ungrazed grasses on the northern winter range in Yellowstone National Park. The authors found…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Exclosure
- grassland
- literature review
- seed production and yield
- ungulate
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordThis study, in Illinois, found that Trillium stem height was positively correlated with the percent of the herbaceous understory that is browsed, which indicates that change in stem height can be a…Publication Date 1969
- indicator species
- Odocoileus virginianus
- grazing
- herbivory
- Deer Management
- local extinction
- Trillium grandiflorum
- understory vegetation
- white-flowered trillium
- Library Collection RecordHorse grazing in the spring increased winter browse for mule deer in Northern Utah. Horses removed about 50% of the herbaceous biomass, while deer used slightly more than 50% of big sagebrush (…Publication Date 1969
- Artemisia tridentata
- grazing
- reseeding
- big sagebrush
- Chrysothamnus nauseosus albicaulis
- Northern Utah
- rubber rabbitbrush
- winter range
- Library Collection RecordIn a Kansas tallgrass prairie, sites burned annually in spring and subjected to bison (Bison bison) grazing, over an 8-year period, had greater available light and inorganic nitrogen than similar…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- colonization
- heterogeneity
- species richness
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordBaldwin states that because of the experimental advantages that they offer, mechanical simulations of grazing are more commonly used than true herbivory in ecological studies of the impact of…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- clipping
- mechanical herbivory simulations
- plant responses
- Library Collection RecordBallinger and Jones assessed the effects that the absence of grazing can have on three lizard species on the Arapaho Prairie of Nebraska. Cattle were excluded from the study area in 1979 and rapid…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- dense grasses
- habitat requirements
- Holbrookia
- open habitat
- Sceloporus
- Library Collection RecordIn this North Dakota study, Bauer et al. compared organic C, total N, total P, organic P, and inorganic P contents, and bulk density of grazed and nongrazed (relict) grasslands to assess the effect…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- organic matter
- bulk density
- modeling
- nutrient cycling
- organic C
- organic P
- total N
- total P
- Library Collection RecordBeever et al. examined disturbance created by feral horses (Equus caballus), in 9 mountain ranges of the western Great Basin, USA, in Nevada, using plants, mammals, ants, and soil compaction, as…Publication Date 1969
- Equus caballus
- grazing
- monitoring
- Nevada
- broad spatial scales
- disturbance
- feral horses
- Great Basin
- landscape ecology
- reciprocal averaging
- semiarid ecosystems
- TWINSPAN
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, long-term exclosures were used to determine the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) herbivory on soil physical and chemical characteristics in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), aspen (Populus…Publication Date 1969
- leaching
- nitrogen mineralization
- grazing
- Cervus elaphus
- elk
- ungulate grazing
- Library Collection RecordThe George River caribou herd in Quebec increased in size from the 1960's to the late 1980's before the population decreased to normal levels again in the early 1990's. Disturbances…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- trampling
- aerial photos
- Cladina
- George River caribou herd
- lichen succession
- plant remains
- Library Collection RecordIn this 3-year study of the vegetation in 4 livestock exclosures in North Dakota, Brand and Goetz found that the exclosures had greater graminoid leaf heights and greater mulch accumulation than the…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Bouteloua gracilis
- blue grama
- Carex filifolia
- Carex heliophila
- livestock exclosures
- Sedge
- species composition
- thread-leaf sedge
- Library Collection RecordBremer et al. measured soil surface carbon dioxide flux in an annually-burned Kansas tallgrass prairie to document the effects of clipping at continuous and intensive early-stocking levels, and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- soil respiration
- carbon budget
- clipping
- grazing strategies
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordBristow et al. looked at the effects of cattle grazing on the habitat selection of Montezuma quail in Arizona. The most important aspect of quail habitat was ample hiding cover followed closely by…Publication Date 1969
- Arizona
- grazing
- cattle
- Cyrtonyx montezumae
- habitat selection
- Madrean evergreen woodland
- Montezuma quail
- Library Collection RecordBrown and McDonald detect a one-sided presentation of data and opinions on livestock grazing in an issue of Conservation Biology (Fleischner 1994; Noss 1994; Weurthner 1994). Much as been written…Publication Date 1969
- livestock
- grazing
- rangelands
- conservation
- ecosystem processes
- Library Collection RecordThe role of cattle in facilitating the ingress and establishment of mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) has broader implications with regard to the conversion of grasslands to woodlands. On the site with…Publication Date 1969
- dung
- grazing
- mesquite
- disturbance
- Prosopis glandulosa
- Rio Grande Plains
- succession
- Library Collection RecordBurrow et al. concluded that a wide mosaic of microhabitat types is needed to sustain healthy densities of Texas horned lizards. The lizards need adequate amounts of bare ground as well as cover…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- habitat selection
- Phrynosoma cornutum
- southern Texas
- Texas horned lizard
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, the pre-grazing and post-grazing stubble heights, in rotationally grazed pastures, were modified to determine the effects of stubble height on individual species and total forage…Publication Date 1969
- rotational grazing
- Dactylis glomerata
- Kentucky bluegrass
- Poa pratensis
- grazing
- orchardgrass
- species harvest index
- Library Collection RecordChanasyk and Naeth quantified grazing effects on soil bulk density and soil strength of sloped areas in the Alberta foothills fescue grasslands. They measured the effects of two grazing intensities…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- soil strength
- bulk density
- fescue grasslands
- Library Collection RecordFrom field data collected in Colorado, Coffin and Lauenroth modeled the effects of three types of small patch-producing disturbances on a short-grass community, dominated by blue grama (Bouteloua…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- grazing
- animal burrows
- ant mounds
- blue grama
- disturbance frequency
- disturbance size
- gap turnover
- grassland
- patch dynamics
- simulation model
- Library Collection RecordCollins conducted a field study to address the roles of fire, cattle grazing, and the interaction of these two disturbances on plant species abundance and community structure in a tallgrass prairie…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Oklahoma
- community structure
- disturbance regime
- diversity
- fire
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordCollins and Barber measured the effects of grazing, fire, buffalo wallows, and prairie dog towns on grassland plant community dynamics in an area of mixed-grass prairie, in southwestern Oklahoma.…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Oklahoma
- buffalo wallows
- disturbance
- diversity
- fire
- grassland
- prairie dog town
- Library Collection RecordCoppock and Detling observed bull and cow-calf bison (Bison bison) herd selection of feeding sites on a prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colony, before and after a prescribed burn on a nearby…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- burning
- grazing
- Bison bison
- black-tailed prairie dog
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- Wind Cave National Park
- Library Collection RecordA study conducted at Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota, following preliminary assessments of bison (Bison bison) use of prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) towns, found that midsummer was when…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- herbivory
- grazing
- Bison bison
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- forage interactions
- habitat use patterns
- mixed-grass prairie
- prairie dogs
- Library Collection RecordCoughenour examines the problem of ascribing adaptive significance to traits that enable graminoids to tolerate or evade ungulate herbivory. Some of these traits may have originally evolved in…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- competitive ability
- fossil records
- graminoids
- grass-grazer coevolution
- herbivory tolerance
- ungulate herbivory
- Library Collection RecordCoughenour examined dormant season elk (Cervus elaphus) impacts on shoot and root standing crop and nitrogen concentration in and outside of 35 year old exclosures in Yellowstone National Park's…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- grazing
- biomass
- elk
- grazing impacts
- nitrogen concentration
- winter range
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordDamhoureyeh and Hartnett measured the growth and reproduction of five forb species in tallgrass prairie pastures in Kansas that were grazed by bison or cattle, and burned every year or every four…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- bison
- cattle
- fire
- forbs
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordThis article supports the belief that overcompensation of total primary production can occur in plant populations and communities subjected to grazing. However, it is noted that whether or not this…Publication Date 1969
- compensation
- grazing
- grasslands
- primary production
- rangelands
- herbivory
- herbivore optimization theory
- overcompensation
- Library Collection RecordDesmond looked at the effects of cattle and black-tailed prairie dogs on the abundance of birds in the Chihuahuan Desert, Mexico. Overall, birds were more abundant on private lands with prairie dog…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- winter
- banner-tailed kangaroo rat
- black-tailed prairie dog
- Chihuahuan desert grasslands
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- Dipodomys spectibilis
- grassland birds
- land-use
- Library Collection RecordAuthors discuss using cattle or other livestock as a vegetation management tool. Grazing has the potential to allow tree seedlings to establish on tree plantations in the absence of competing…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- cattle
- sheep
- Competing Vegetation
- tree establishment
- tree plantations
- Library Collection RecordGilbert et al. looked at the habitat requirements for nesting ducks, and how management practices effect nesting density and success on the Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge (MVNWR) in southern…Publication Date 1969
- Biomonitoring
- grazing
- waterfowl
- line-transect sampling
- nest density
- nest success