Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThis is a summary of 171 papers on livestock grazing in the West.Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- alteration of ecosystem structure
- ecosystem functioning
- livestock grazing
- riparian habitats
- species composition
- Western United States
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of herbivory by waterfowl and nutria were measured because of vegetation loss in Sagittaria spp. dominated marshes along the coast of Louisiana. One set of study plots was set up on…Publication Date 1969
- Nutria
- biomass
- waterfowl
- coastal marsh
- muskrat
- Myocastor coypus
- Ondatra zibethicus
- Sagittaria latifolia
- Sagittaria platyphylla
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordTo estimate lesser snow geese populations and determine the effects of geese herbivory along the Hudson Bay in the Northwest Territories, nesting and population surveys were conducted along with…Publication Date 1969
- Hudson Bay
- Chen caerulescens caerulescens
- fen
- grubbing
- lesser snow geese
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordDuring the summer of 1985, the effects of browsing by beaver were studied at two beaver ponds in Minnesota (46°50’N, 92°11’W). Pond one (colonized from 1980-1985) was located on a…Publication Date 1969
- Trembling aspen
- Populus tremuloides
- biomass
- beaver
- beaver ponds
- Castor canadensis
- selective herbivory
- species composition
- stem diameter
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation, compaction, nutrient return, and season of use were examined on three study areas (Willow Creek, approximately 16 km north-northwest of Brogan, Oregon, Valley Creek…Publication Date 1969
- Agrostis stolonifera
- Meadow Foxtail
- Alopecurus pratensis
- defoliation
- Carex spp.
- compaction
- nutrient return
- redtop
- Sedge
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of grazing on vegetation and soils were examined in two different ecosystems, the sagebrush steppe in the northwestern United States and the Patagonia steppe located in southern Argentina…Publication Date 1969
- consumption
- grazing
- primary production
- Aridity gradients
- ecosystem structure and function
- generalist herbivores
- graminoid nutritional quality
- Patagonia
- plant traits
- sagebrush steppe
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordRange condition, vegetation production, composition, and cover were compared between lightly and moderately grazed rangelands in the Chihuahuan Desert in southwestern New Mexico to determine if these…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- livestock
- range management
- utilization
- arid lands
- range condition
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of excluding grazing by lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) on the salt marsh at La Perouse Bay, Manitoba on species composition, live standing crop and plant litter have…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Anser caerulescens caerulescens
- Carex subspathacea
- exclosures
- lesser snow geese
- Plantago maritima
- Potentilla egedii
- Puccinellia phryganodes
- salt marsh
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe impacts of light and moderate cattle grazing on vegetative cover and species composition in areas surrounding cold-water springs on three watersheds on the Sierra Foothill Research and Extension…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- cover
- creek
- riparian
- species composition
- watershed
- Library Collection RecordA short term greenhouse study examined the effects of species competition and clipping on carbon allocation in leafy spurge plants grown with Idaho fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and alfalfa plants.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Leafy spurge
- plant competition
- Medicago sativa
- carbon allocation
- Festuca idahoensis
- grazing tolerance
- noxious range weed
- Poa pratensis L.
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Valone measured the effects of fire and grazing, alone and in combination, in an arid Arizona plant community. The combination of grazing and burning enhanced annual plant species…Publication Date 1969
- disturbance frequency
- disturbance intensity
- free-range grazing
- prescribed fire
- species composition
- species richness
- synergistic effects
- Library Collection RecordAuthors used a multiscale approach by studying the effects of soil type/fertilizer, burning, or mowing on species composition within both large- (10,000 m2) and small-scale (100 m2) experimental…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- classification
- mowing
- soil
- grassland
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation on biomass distribution were studied in plants of Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, and Trifolium repens, collected from three different-aged pastures in British Columbia.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Holcus lanatus
- Lolium perenne
- Trifolium repens
- grass-grazer relationship
- pasture age
- Library Collection RecordYeo et al. examined cattle grazing behavior and vegetation measurements to determine the effects of implementing a rest-rotation grazing system on federally owned grazing allotments in Idaho. Cattle…Publication Date 1969
- grazing management
- grazing allotments
- plant community composition
- range condition
- species composition
- wildlife forage
- Library Collection RecordWraith et al. compared soil moisture and plant water status on grazed and ungrazed portions of a 10-paddock, short duration grazing system, on established crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)…Publication Date 1969
- soil moisture
- water balance
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)
- leaf water potentials
- spring grazing
- Library Collection RecordTwenty-five ungulate exclosures were established in Olympic National Park and Olympic National Forest in the 1930's and 1950's. Information from earlier studies and resampled vegetation (…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- Odocoileus hemionus
- black-tailed deer
- elk
- exclosures
- native ungulates
- Olympic National Park
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThis study in the Southern Great Plains looked at grazing duration effects on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and grain yield. Growth and grain yield responses to grazing duration were…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- tillering
- forage
- leaf area index
- biomass
- winter wheat
- Triticum aestivum
- ground cover
- heading date
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, authors used exclosures to determine the effects of continuous grazing at light, moderate, heavy and severe stocking rates, in Alberta rough fescue grasslands for 32 years. In…Publication Date 1969
- danthonia parryi
- Exclosure
- Festuca scabrella
- parry oat grass
- recovery
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordAuthors examined vegetation, surface seed and soil seed bank composition in rough fescue grasslands under grazing intensities, varying from no grazing to heavy grazing. Seeds in the soil were least…Publication Date 1969
- native species
- grazing intensity
- introduced species
- season
- seed bank
- soil depth
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordOver 4 years, Willms et al. compared vegetation in overgrazed and undergrazed patches, in rough fescue grasslands. Overgrazed patches were dominated by grazing-resistant seral species, while…Publication Date 1969
- organic matter
- grazing pressure
- Herbage Yield
- patches
- spatial stability
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordWikeem and Pitt determined utilization and vegetation responses of areas grazed by California bighorn sheep in British Columbia. Bighorn sheep diets consisted mostly of grasses. Although their…Publication Date 1969
- diet composition
- Ovis canadensis californiana
- plant community composition
- plant vigor
- range condition
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordWhite et al. measured the vegetative responses of a New Mexico blue grama rangeland to heavily stocked, short-duration grazing and moderately stocked, continuous grazing. In general, total produced…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- defoliation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- stocking rate
- blue grama
- grazing system
- Library Collection RecordIn this Maryland study to simulate deer browsing, Whigham quantified the temporal effects of annual experimental defoliation on the growth rate of leaves and belowground corms, on senescence of corms…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- reproduction
- Orchidaceae
- defoliation
- biomass allocation
- Tipularia discolor
- woodland herb
- woodland orchid
- Library Collection RecordFrom the time they initially colonize new areas, prairie dogs disturb grasslands by burrowing and grazing, thereby creating large patches of altered vegetation in the landscape. In this South Dakota…Publication Date 1969
- above-ground net primary production
- black-tailed prairie dogs
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- disturbance
- mixed-grass prairie
- N concentration
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordWeitkamp et al. measured the effects of short-duration cattle grazing on plant community diversity and soil structure in the Texas rolling plains. Short-duration grazing altered the species…Publication Date 1969
- plant density
- soil strength
- rotational grazing
- grazing system
- plant diversity
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordWatts et al. summarize the vegetation composition of pastures managed under rest-rotation and continuous grazing systems for 10 years, following fire in the Missouri River Breaks. Rest-rotation…Publication Date 1969
- canopy cover
- bare ground
- exclosures
- litter
- species composition
- vegetation cover
- Xanthium strumarium
- Library Collection RecordThe concentration of phenols, procyanidins, and protein in pine foliage was determined at two and eight weeks following mechanical defoliation of 0, 25, 50, and 75% in this greenhouse study. The…Publication Date 1969
- Pinus ponderosa
- Procyanidins
- defoliation
- Phenol
- ponderosa pine
- protein
- resistance
- Library Collection RecordVujnovic et al. determined how different levels of disturbances, including grazing, affect the plant species composition and diversity in Alberta's Aspen Parkland. Species diversity was…Publication Date 1969
- invasive species
- disturbance frequency
- disturbance severity
- exotic species
- Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis
- plant community composition
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordNormalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of experimental plots that were exposed to different intensities (5, 10, or 20 cm stubble height) and frequencies (0, 1, 3, or 6 times during the growing…Publication Date 1969
- prescribed burning
- grazing intensity
- defoliation
- grazing frequency
- normalized difference vegetation index
- remote sensing measurements
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of grazing on seed bank composition were measured on nine farms in the northeastern United States. Seedbanks in grazed pastures had lower seed species diversity, a lower percentage of…Publication Date 1969
- dairy farms
- aboveground vegetation
- management-intensive grazing
- seed bank
- species composition
- temperate grasslands
- viable seed
- Library Collection RecordThe impacts of deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herbivory on forest regeneration were determined in clearcut, thinned, and uncut Pennsylvania hardwood forest plots stocked at different deer densities.…Publication Date 1969
- Odocoileus virginianus
- species diversity
- clearcutting
- Alleghany hardwood forests
- herbivore density
- species composition
- white-tailed deer
- Library Collection RecordChanges in vegetation were measured over six years in pastures exposed to different grazing systems and stocking rates on the Edwards Plateau of Texas. In general the moderate continuously grazed…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- Aboveground Biomass
- bunchgrass
- grazing system
- sodgrass
- species composition
- vegetation community structure
- vegetation cover
- Library Collection RecordVegetative composition was measured in large pastures managed with rotational and continuous grazing systems to determine which grazing system was more appropriate to maintain or improve the…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- environmental conditions
- basal area
- patch overgrazing
- patch selection
- rotational grazing system
- spatial heterogeneity
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of two grazing systems, short duration (graze 7 days, rest 42 days) and high-intensity, low-frequency (graze 14 days, rest 84 days) grazing, on the vegetation of the Edward's Plateau…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- grazing management
- multi-species grazing
- species composition
- standing crop
- Vegetation Change
- Library Collection RecordSvejcar and Christiansen measured root mass, root length, and leaf area index on Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa caucasica) pastures that were lightly or heavily grazed by cattle. Plants in heavily…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing intensity
- Bothriochloa caucasica
- Caucasian Bluestem
- grazing tolerance
- root length density
- root:shoot ratio
- Library Collection RecordSteuter et al. determined the effects of bison (Bos bison) grazing and the diet and distribution of bison and pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius) on sandhills prairie pastures. All pastures were…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- Bos bison
- exclosures
- forbs
- Geomys bursarius
- perennial C4 grasses
- plant-herbivore interaction
- pocket gophers
- species composition
- vegetation community structure
- Library Collection RecordDuring a study in Florida, in the first year of defoliation, dry matter (DM) harvested for 'Mott' elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 'S-Mott' varied little from that of the…Publication Date 1969
- Pennisetum glaucum
- elephant grass
- Pennisetum purpureum
- defoliation
- crude protein
- agronomic performance
- in vitro digestible organic matter
- pearl millet
- Pennisetum hybrids
- Library Collection RecordSharrow and Kuntz measured the level of elk (Cervus canadensis) grazing on three subalpine green fescue (Festuca viridula) meadows in Mt. Rainier National Park, and simulated grazing at different…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Alpine climate
- Cervus canadensis
- elk
- Festuca viridula
- grazing tolerance
- green fescue
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordRomo et al. examined the effects of cattle grazing and simulated grazing, at different times in the growing season on winterfat (Ceratoides lanata) growth and production to determine the appropriate…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- productivity
- Ceratoides lanata
- standing crop
- Winterfat
- Library Collection RecordIn two Kansas pastures, authors monitored indices of vegetation abundance, composition, and grazing from 1980-1981. At the beginning of the grazing season, some areas were grazed lightly to…Publication Date 1969
- soil properties
- cattle
- biomass
- patch-grazed
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe authors examined changes in winterfat (Ceratoides lanata) communities following 26 years of release from grazing pressure on ranges in southern Utah. Soil characteristics, plant cover and type…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Ceratoides lanata
- community response
- Soil Characteristics
- species composition
- Winterfat
- Library Collection RecordRalphs et al. determined the impacts of increasing stocking rates on plant species composition and standing crop, under short-duration grazing management, in a Texas mixed-grass prairie. Standing…Publication Date 1969
- forage availability
- frequency
- short-duration grazing
- species composition
- standing crop
- Library Collection RecordPolley and Detling examined the effects of defoliation on growth and nitrogen nutrition in populations of Agropyron smithii (western wheatgrass) collected from a heavily grazed black-tailed prairie…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grasslands
- biomass production
- nitrogen accumulation
- prairie dog colonies
- Library Collection RecordWhile herbivory probably is a natural part of all terrestrial ecosystems, livestock herbivory is not a natural part of California natural ecosystems. Livestock behavior does not mimic that of either…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- ungulates
- plant communities
- California
- alien livestock
- livestock impacts
- mammalian herbivores
- natural ecosystems
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordOwensby et al. examined the effects of increasing the stocking rate on intensive-early stocked pastures, in the Flint Hills of Kansas, by applying stocking rates that were 2, 2.5, and 3 times the…Publication Date 1969
- Andropogon gerardii
- Andropogon scoparius
- stocking rate
- big bluestem
- grazing system
- little bluestem
- livestock gain
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordIndian ricegrass (Oryzopsis hymenoides) plants were clipped at anthesis in a field study that compared the seed production, weight, and germination of plants that were exposed to heavy grazing or…Publication Date 1969
- protection
- defoliation
- germination
- viability
- ecotypic variation
- Indian Ricegrass
- Oryzopsis hymenoides
- Library Collection RecordCattle gains and vegetation measurements on Kansas shortgrass prairie under intensive-early stocking management were compared to season-long (SLS) grazing management at the normal stocking density,…Publication Date 1969
- beef cattle
- weight gain
- grazing system
- Native Range
- species composition
- stockers
- Library Collection RecordA simulation model was created and verified using data from field experiments, to determine the compensatory growth of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) after grazing, at different times…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- defoliation
- production model
- ramet population model
- ramets
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordThis study on the Isle Royale National Park inferred how moose (Alces alces) and beaver (Castor canadensis) affect current and future landscape patterns. About 40% of the bites by moose in both…Publication Date 1969
- moose
- browsing
- Alces alces
- beaver
- Castor canadensis
- Forage Preference
- Isle Royal National Park
- species composition
- tree-cutting
- Library Collection RecordMiller and Rose measured the effects of simulated autumn herbivory on crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) tiller mortality and plant growth. Tiller recruitment was lower in the autumn…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- roots
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Allocation
- tiller