Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordWe present a non-destructive, photographic method to estimate biomass in semiarid grasslands. Though the method needs to be calibrated, it allows for a dramatic increase in the number of samples…Publication Date 2000-03-01
- photographs
- rapid methods
- image analysis
- semiarid grasslands
- estimation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- biomass production
- grasses
- Colorado
- ANPP estimation
- nondestructive methods
- semiarid grasslands
- Library Collection RecordFlea beetles (Aphthona spp.) were introduced into leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.)-infested rangeland in east-central North Dakota. The study objectives were to evaluate the effects of the…Publication Date 2000-05-01
- Aphthona czwalinae
- Aphthona
- Aphthona nigriscutis
- Aphthona lacertosa
- biological control
- ground cover
- Euphorbia esula
- range condition
- plant density
- biomass
- rangelands
- grasses
- North Dakota
- biological control
- Leafy spurge
- insects
- flea beetles
- range improvement
- Library Collection RecordWestern ragweed [Ambrosia psilostachya DC. ], a major forb species in mixed and tallgrass prairies, is considered to have little value for cattle grazing but is an important food item for bobwhite…Publication Date 2000-05-01
- height-weight ratio
- tallgrass prairie
- mixed prairie
- mixed pastures
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- growth curve
- rain
- Oklahoma
- plant communities
- plant density
- prairies
- biomass
- botanical composition
- plant competition
- grazing
- grasses
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- plant competition
- grazing effects
- Library Collection RecordFlorida native range is grazed in winter and cows are moved to bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) pasture in March for breeding and calf rearing. Winter weight loss of cows is a major problem, and…Publication Date 2000-07-01
- weaning
- pregnancy rate
- breeding season
- weaning weight
- sown grasslands
- weight losses
- Paspalum notatum
- liveweight gain
- calves
- body weight
- rain
- Florida
- pastures
- spring
- beef cows
- summer
- grazing
- native forage
- cattle
- reproduction
- weight change
- management
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to provide a tool for maintaining a high grazing efficiency. In a rotational grazing system, the residual sward height does not provide enough information in advance…Publication Date 2000-07-01
- France
- assessment
- ewes
- heat sums
- dairy cows
- nitrogen balance
- volume determination
- controlled grazing
- stocking rate
- rotational grazing
- grazing intensity
- biomass
- plant height
- herbage height
- nitrogen
- stocking rate
- management
- dairy farms
- Library Collection RecordThis study examined the effects of late growing-season (September) wildfire on the subsequent production and species composition of upland Nebraska Sandhills prairie vegetation. Three paired-plots (…Publication Date 2000-07-01
- Cyperaceae
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- soil temperature
- fires
- fire effects
- Nebraska
- forbs
- plant communities
- biomass
- range management
- botanical composition
- rangelands
- grasses
- burning
- species composition
- herbage standing crop
- soil temperature
- Library Collection RecordA 6-year experiment examined the effects of spring and summer fires on grasses in southern Wisconsin. Synthetic communities of C3 and C4 grasses were seeded (100 seeds m-2 species-1) in 1992 and…Publication Date 2000-07-01
- sporobolus heterolepis
- Phalaris arundinacea
- C4 grasses
- C3 grasses
- Wisconsin
- Elymus trachycaulus
- Sporobolus
- sown grasslands
- crop-weed competition
- Poa pratensis
- species diversity
- ecological succession
- weed control
- fires
- fire effects
- spring
- Panicum virgatum
- prescribed burning
- Andropogon gerardii
- summer
- biomass production
- plant communities
- plant litter
- botanical composition
- grasses
- C3 grass
- C4 grass
- fire season
- ecological restoration
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordStocking rate directly influences the frequency and intensity of defoliation of individual plants which, in turn, impacts energy flow and plant succession in grazed ecosystems. The objective of this…Publication Date 2000-09-01
- Bothriochloa saccharoides
- Aristida purpurea
- Aristida purpurea var. longiseta
- Bothriochloa
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- continuous grazing
- range condition
- ecological succession
- rain
- stocking rate
- forbs
- Oklahoma
- biomass
- botanical composition
- grasses
- beef cattle
- standing crop
- plant succession
- grazing impacts
- Bouteloua
- Aristida
- Library Collection RecordThe decreased carrying capacity of Argentinian Flooding Pampa rangelands through the reduction of density of C3 grasses may be partially attributed to continuous stocking. The objective of this study…Publication Date 2000-09-01
- pampas
- C4 grasses
- C3 grasses
- Lolium multiflorum
- sown grasslands
- continuous grazing
- rotational grazing
- range management
- Argentina
- rangelands
- grasses
- beef cattle
- winter forage production
- temperate-humid rangeland
- grazing systems
- Lolium multiflorum
- Library Collection RecordThe Ecological Index Method impacted directly on the estimation of grazing capacities in the Karoo, an arid region in South Africa. Due to inherent deficiencies in the ecological index method, index…Publication Date 2000-09-01
- Limax
- pioneer species
- agronomic traits
- arid grasslands
- carrying capacity
- nutrient requirements
- climax communities
- South Africa
- veld
- estimation
- digestibility
- sheep
- range management
- botanical composition
- nutritive value
- canopy
- grasses
- available dry matter production
- canopy spread cover
- current grazing capability
- [K divided by (Ca + Mg)
- total digestible nutrients
- Library Collection RecordAssessment of standing crop on grasslands using a visual obstruction technique provides valuable information to help plan livestock grazing management and indicate the status of wildlife habitat. The…Publication Date 2000-11-01
- stand density
- data collection
- errors
- lowlands
- grasslands
- Nebraska
- sampling
- biomass
- range management
- grasses
- plant height
- Residual cover
- grassland structure
- regression model
- wildlife habitats
- Robel pole
- Nebraska Sandhills
- Library Collection RecordNatural fires on the native grasslands of Oklahoma and Kansas were important for maintaining ecosystem structure and function. Today, land managers largely conduct prescribed fires in the late…Publication Date 2001-01-01
- tallgrass prairie
- Great Plains states of USA
- mixed prairie
- forage legumes
- seasons
- seral stages
- wildfire management
- legumes
- frequency
- Kansas
- fire ecology
- perennials
- fires
- fire effects
- stocking rate
- selective grazing
- prescribed burning
- forbs
- Oklahoma
- biomass production
- grazing intensity
- prairies
- grasses
- beef cattle
- native grasslands
- prescribed fire
- fire frequency
- fire interactions
- fire return interval
- wildfire
- Library Collection RecordSoil water studies for California rangelands have focussed on near-surface hydrologic processes, limiting our understanding of spatial-temporal dynamics of the water regime below the root zone. Soil…Publication Date 2001-01-01
- particle size analysis
- soil profiles
- trees
- grassland soils
- soil depth
- evapotranspiration
- vegetation types
- rain
- watershed hydrology
- slope
- aspect
- soil water content
- California
- seasonal variation
- rangelands
- grasses
- soil texture
- altitude
- California rangelands
- subsurface hydrology
- Library Collection RecordSpotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa Lam.) is a non-indigenous weed that has invaded millions of hectares of rangeland in the United States. Mowing may be useful for reducing this weed. Our objective…Publication Date 2001-01-01
- flowering
- mowing
- timing
- autumn
- weed control
- rain
- seedlings
- cutting frequency
- spring
- summer
- plant density
- Centaurea maculosa
- biomass
- plant litter
- introduced species
- Montana
- invasive species
- canopy
- grasses
- Centaurea maculosa
- density
- cover
- weed control
- Library Collection RecordChanges in the amount or spatial distribution of grass plants are thought to be indicative of the stability of desert grasslands. This study assessed, through simulation, the sensitivity of…Publication Date 2001-01-01
- fetch length
- simulation models
- arid grasslands
- deserts
- canopy gaps
- range condition
- length
- sampling
- spatial distribution
- grasses
- New Mexico
- fetch length
- monitoring
- simulation
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of animal age and sex on chemical and botanical composition of diets of cattle grazing native rangelands were evaluated in a 2-year study. Samples were collected monthly from June through…Publication Date 2001-01-01
- silty soils
- claypan soils
- age differences
- calves
- gender differences
- rain
- chemical composition
- selective grazing
- diet
- heifers
- beef cows
- steers
- crude protein
- natural grasslands
- shrubs
- in vitro digestibility
- biomass
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- grasses
- diet selection
- beef cattle
- calf
- steer
- heifer
- Library Collection RecordAlthough the maintenance of biodiversity has become one of the goals in ecosystem management, the relationships of diversity to ecosystem characteristics such as level of herbivory, productivity, and…Publication Date 2001-03-01
- Lycopodiaceae
- species eveness
- grassland condition
- ground cover
- species diversity
- Saskatchewan
- forbs
- biomass
- range management
- plant litter
- botanical composition
- grasses
- plant height
- biomass
- litter
- sward structure
- Saskatchewan
- Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA)
- Two-way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN)
- Library Collection RecordPrevious authors have described nesting habitat of the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) throughout its range, but few have compared structural or compositional differences of vegetation…Publication Date 2001-05-01
- nests
- weather
- visibility
- habitat selection
- Colinus virginianus
- ground cover
- habitats
- predators
- reproductive performance
- vegetation
- woody plants
- Oklahoma
- botanical composition
- grasses
- bobwhite
- Colinus virginianus
- gallinaceous
- habitats
- northern
- quail
- upland game
- Library Collection RecordLeafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.), a widely established exotic, noxious, perennial weed, is a major threat to rangeland and wildland in the Upper Great Plains. A deterministic, bioeconomic model,…Publication Date 2001-07-01
- fencing
- simulation models
- costs and returns
- Euphorbia esula
- economic analysis
- weed control
- profitability
- sheep
- rangelands
- grazing
- grasses
- feed intake
- Euphorbia esula L.
- grazing
- economics
- Library Collection RecordStrategic supplement placement has been shown to be an effective tool to lure cattle to underutilized rangeland. The goal of this study was to determine where cattle grazed when supplement was placed…Publication Date 2001-07-01
- molasses
- global positioning systems
- sloping land
- spatial variation
- water availability
- pastures
- feed supplements
- spatial distribution
- cattle
- Montana
- rangelands
- grazing
- grasses
- distribution
- grazing
- behavior
- utilization
- Library Collection RecordLeafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) reduces northern Great Plains rangeland carrying capacity. Treatment strategies were evaluated that suppressed leafy spurge and facilitated establishment of mixtures…Publication Date 2001-07-01
- dry matter accumulation
- legumes
- Infestation
- glyphosate
- carrying capacity
- Euphorbia esula
- species diversity
- weed control
- Nebraska
- land restoration
- plant density
- establishment
- prairies
- botanical composition
- rangelands
- grasses
- prescribed fire
- grassland restoration
- imazapic
- glyphosate
- warm-season grasses
- cool-season grasses
- legumes
- invasive plants
- Library Collection RecordWe present a method for computerizing the transition rules of a state-and-transition model and then linking this model to a geographic information system. The resulting simulation characterizes…Publication Date 1999-01-01
- change
- expert systems
- ground cover
- woodland grasslands
- Quercus douglasii
- Pinus sabiniana
- Mediterranean climate
- grazing intensity
- shrubs
- California
- introduced species
- rangelands
- canopy
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordCattle (Bos taurus) and vizcacha (Lagostomus maximus) diets were examined monthly in the semiarid caldénal in central Argentina. Cow-calf operations are the most important economic activities within…Publication Date 1999-07-01
- free range husbandry
- diversity
- Lagostomus maximus
- ambient temperature
- feces composition
- rain
- species differences
- grazing intensity
- diets
- cattle
- seasonal variation
- Argentina
- botanical composition
- grasses
- forage
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordCharacterization of relationships between grazing and vegetation responses is difficult. Rapid and accurate measurement of pasture canopy characteristics would help clarify these relationships if…Publication Date 1999-07-01
- leaf angle
- rain
- leaf area index
- stocking rate
- Nebraska
- grazing intensity
- cattle
- rangelands
- canopy
- grazing
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordWe investigated the effects of winter controlled burning on the breeding habitat of the Pyrenean gray partridge (Perdix perdix hispaniensis Reich.). Floristic composition and vegetation structure…Publication Date 1998-11-01
- Perdix perdix
- France
- cytisus purgans
- breeding places
- wet conditions
- habitat destruction
- mountains
- mountain areas
- highlands
- fires
- fire effects
- prescribed burning
- forbs
- shrubs
- dry environmental conditions
- botanical composition
- canopy
- grasses
- soil water regimes
- plant height
- Library Collection RecordThe diversity of the herbaceous layer in the Nylsvley Nature Reserve (Mixed Bushveld) was investigated to enhance the understanding of savanna ecosystems and to serve as a baseline for future…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- South Africa
- savannas
- species diversity
- range condition
- veld
- stocking rate
- plant communities
- overgrazing
- plant density
- botanical composition
- grasses
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordThis research addresses the hypothesis that grazing intensity during and following drought can dramatically alter community level, post-drought recovery patterns. Research was conducted during the…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- warm-season grasses
- cool-season grasses
- timing
- annuals
- perennials
- precipitation
- biomass production
- grazing intensity
- prairies
- drought
- Montana
- rangelands
- grasses
- forage
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordThe recent expansion of juniper into sagebrush steppe communities throughout the semiarid Intermountain West is most frequently attributed to the reduced role of fire, introduction and overstocking…Publication Date 1999-11-01
- dendrochronology
- growth rings
- artemisia arbuscula
- Festuca idahoensis
- Pinus ponderosa
- fire ecology
- Juniperus occidentalis
- rain
- stocking rate
- Oregon
- grazing intensity
- semiarid zones
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordCombined with other information, fecal output appears to have potential use in models to predict forage intake. Better understanding of fecal output dynamics relative to forage availability could…Publication Date 1999-05-01
- digestibility markers
- ytterbium
- organic matter
- leaves
- stems
- prediction
- equations
- feces composition
- forbs
- steers
- digestibility
- crude protein
- Texas
- grasses
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordCombustion products of burning vegetation can increase seed germination of many species of fire-prone plant communities. We tested the influence of heating sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.)…Publication Date 1998-09-01
- soil heating
- greenhouses
- smoking
- leaves
- mineral content
- roots
- seedling emergence
- shoots
- fires
- fire effects
- seed germination
- biomass
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordAn understanding of overstory-understory relationships in southwestern oak woodlands is important for predicting response of these systems to disturbance or manipulation. The objective of this study…Publication Date 1998-11-01
- Quercus emoryi
- Magnoliopsida
- C4 grasses
- C3 grasses
- understory
- woodland grasslands
- rain
- Poaceae
- biomass
- canopy
- grasses
- Arizona
- Library Collection RecordEmaciation is one of the clinical signs of locoweed poisoning but few studies have documented impacts of locoweed poisoning on weight gains. Stocker steers (British X Continental cross, 200-210 kg)…Publication Date 2000-01-01
- conditioning
- aversive conditioning
- swainsonine
- costs and returns
- poisoning
- weight losses
- feeding habits
- Oxytropis sericea
- poisonous weeds
- liveweight gain
- forbs
- steers
- prairies
- grasses
- New Mexico
- Library Collection RecordLeafy spurge control with glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] plus 2,4-D [2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] applied annually for 3 years alone or rotated with auxin herbicides was evaluated at 3…Publication Date 2000-01-01
- developmental stages
- timing
- 2,4-D
- injuries
- translocation (plant physiology)
- herbicide mixtures
- dicamba
- foliar uptake
- leaves
- costs and returns
- glyphosate
- Euphorbia esula
- stems
- weed control
- spring
- picloram
- application rates
- grasses
- North Dakota
- Library Collection RecordNutritive quality of vegetation is important when evaluating the habitat to sustain wildlife. Crude protein, fiber content and in vitro digestibility were evaluated for 17 shrubs, 7 trees, 2 ferns, 3…Publication Date 1999-03-01
- trees
- silica
- Capreolus capreolus
- ferns and fern allies
- Spain
- understory
- lignin
- protein content
- fiber content
- forbs
- crude protein
- shrubs
- in vitro digestibility
- seasonal variation
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordConcern over the humane treatment and diminishing numbers of feral horses (Equus caballus) led to their protection under the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act of 1971. The potential for rapid…Publication Date 1999-03-01
- opportunity costs
- feral herds
- wildlife
- horses
- linear models
- stocking rate
- sward destruction
- species differences
- forbs
- steers
- Wyoming
- grazing intensity
- shrubs
- range management
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordField studies were conducted in 2 types of grasslands in the Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range of northern Wyoming and southern Montana to examine plant biomass production and nitrogen responses to the…Publication Date 1999-05-01
- mesic grasslands
- irrigated conditions
- controlled release
- NPK fertilizers
- arid grasslands
- competitive ability
- grasslands
- irrigation
- cutting frequency
- biomass production
- Wyoming
- nitrogen content
- Montana
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordThe flea beetle, Aphthona nigriscutis Foudras, is a potentially useful agent for biological control of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) in grasslands devoted to wildlife conservation. However,…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- colonization
- Aphthona
- Aphthona nigriscutis
- population change
- biological control agents
- ground cover
- Euphorbia esula
- weed control
- fires
- fire effects
- prescribed burning
- forbs
- plant density
- plant litter
- invasive species
- grasses
- plant height
- North Dakota
- Library Collection RecordBecause of its high palatability and sustained levels of forage quality, antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata Pursh DC) is one of the most desired shrubs on western U.S. rangelands. Bitterbrush…Publication Date 1999-03-01
- Purshia tridentata
- fire ecology
- mortality
- rain
- pastures
- selective grazing
- grazing intensity
- in vitro digestibility
- range management
- phenology
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- grazing
- grasses
- beef cattle
- plant height
- maturity stage
- Library Collection RecordHerbicidal control of spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa Lam.) on rangeland in the western United States has been most effective using residual herbicides, such as picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-…Publication Date 1999-09-01
- 2,4-D
- application timing
- weed control
- nitrogen fertilizers
- forbs
- plant density
- Centaurea maculosa
- application rates
- biomass
- range management
- introduced species
- Montana
- invasive species
- grasses
- maturity stage
- Library Collection RecordA 10-year riparian grazing study was conducted on a cold, mountain meadow riparian system in central Idaho in response to cattle grazing-salmonid fisheries conflicts. Six pastures were established…Publication Date 1999-05-01
- seral stages
- stream erosion
- Salix
- streams
- riparian buffers
- Idaho
- forbs
- grazing intensity
- shrubs
- cattle
- plant litter
- botanical composition
- canopy
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordExpansion of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis spp. occidentalis Hook.) woodlands in the sagebrush steppe has the potential to change composition, structure, and productivity of understory…Publication Date 2000-01-01
- logging effects
- soil water potential
- ground cover
- understory
- Poa pratensis
- species diversity
- Juniperus occidentalis
- forbs
- Oregon
- nitrogen content
- plant density
- biomass
- grasses
- soil water
- Library Collection RecordThe effect of the growing season and topographic zone on biomass production, protein content, cell content (CC), lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, digestibility (DMD), and mineral element…Publication Date 1998-09-01
- cellulose
- cells
- nutrient deficiencies
- Spain
- hemicellulose
- mineral content
- legumes
- semiarid grasslands
- lignin
- protein content
- fiber content
- sodium
- slope
- forbs
- phosphorus
- digestibility
- cattle
- phenology
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- nutritive value
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordInformation on the yield of grasses as the plants mature is useful to optimize grazing potential and quality hay production. The objectives of this study were to compare the yield and feeding value…Publication Date 1999-01-01
- Elymus lanceolatus
- Elymus trachycaulus
- Bromus inermis
- Elytrigia intermedia subsp. intermedia
- Dactylis glomerata
- Festuca arundinacea
- Festuca rubra
- Alopecurus pratensis
- protein content
- Agropyron cristatum
- fiber content
- Alberta
- phosphorus
- calcium
- crude protein
- biomass
- grasses
- maturity stage
- Library Collection RecordGeneralized linear mixed models were used to obtain best linear unbiased predictions (BLUP's) of herbivore preferences for range plant species from expert knowledge contained in range site…Publication Date 1998-01-01
- deer
- resource utilization
- Edwards Plateau
- Cyperaceae
- mixed grazing
- interspecific competition
- legumes
- browse plants
- best linear unbiased prediction
- linear models
- forbs
- shrubs
- sheep
- goats
- cattle
- Texas
- grasses
- feeding preferences
- Library Collection RecordDiets of bison (Bison bison L.) were examined using microhistological fecal analysis in a 2-yr study on a tallgrass prairie site in northcentral Oklahoma. Graminoids comprised at least 98% of the…Publication Date 1998-07-01
- bison
- Carex
- selective grazing
- forbs
- Oklahoma
- prairies
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordAshe juniper (Junius ashei, Buckholz) is increasing on most sites across the Edwards Plateau of Texas. It is the purpose of this investigation to document the influence of Ashe juniper tree size on…Publication Date 1997-09-01
- browse line
- light penetration
- size
- Juniperus ashei
- understory
- Odocoileus virginianus
- stocking rate
- goats
- Texas
- plant litter
- botanical composition
- canopy
- browsing
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordIn sacco dry matter degradability (DMD) of the most commonly consumed range forages by llamas and sheep in the arid highlands of Bolivia was measured during the wet and dry seasons to determine if…Publication Date 1997-07-01
- in sacco dry matter degradation
- degradation
- Bolivia
- llamas
- highlands
- arid lands
- digestibility
- kinetics
- shrubs
- sheep
- grasses
- forage
- dry matter
- Library Collection RecordThe study determined the species components of the diets of small ruminants grazing mountain ranges of the Montseny Biosphere Reserve (Catalunya, NE Spain). Three mixed flocks of sheep and goats, led…Publication Date 1998-07-01
- montane forests
- Erica arborea
- Calluna vulgaris
- Quercus ilex
- heathlands
- mixed grazing
- Festuca
- Spain
- foraging
- feces composition
- selective grazing
- species differences
- forbs
- shrubs
- diets
- sheep
- goats
- rangelands
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordThe use of water in the upper 1 m of the soil profile by 3 common herbaceous species of the southern Great Plains was examined by labeling soil water with 2H2O and H2(18)O. Uptake of labeled water…Publication Date 1998-03-01
- Hilaria belangeri
- water uptake
- annuals
- leaves
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- stems
- root systems
- transpiration
- soil water content
- grasses
- Library Collection RecordWe studied resource partitioning between cattle and deer (Odocoileus virginianus Boddaert) within replicated treatments of continuous and short-duration grazing at heavy and moderate stocking rates.…Publication Date 1997-11-01
- interspecific competition
- browse plants
- continuous grazing
- Odocoileus virginianus
- stocking rate
- species differences
- forbs
- rotational grazing
- cattle
- Texas
- seasonal variation
- botanical composition
- grasses
- feeding preferences