Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordCactoblastis cactorum, a phycitid moth, has been used with considerable success as a biological control agent against several different cactus species in many parts of the world, including Opuntia…Publication Date 2007
- Alien invader
- biological control
- Canonical Community Analysis
- weed
- Alien invasive species
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordOpuntia stricta (Cactaceae), an alien weed, has invaded an area of more than 35 000 ha in the Skukuza region of the Kruger National Park [KNP]. The distribution of the plant and features of the…Publication Date 2007
- Alien invader
- Cactoblastis cactorum
- Canonical Community Analysis
- Environmental correlates
- weed
- Alien invasive species
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordOpuntia is a drought tolerant crop and even the smallest amount of water is absorbed efficiently through the shallow and horizontally spread root system. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the…Publication Date 2006
- Cactus pear
- Root/cladode mass
- root distribution
- root length
- fodder production
- water use efficiency
- drought
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA vegetation survey of natural grasslands was undertaken in the urban areas of Gauteng, supporting about 20% of the country's population. Relevés were compiled in 132 sample plots placed in…Publication Date 2006
- grasslands
- South Africa
- vegetation
- Gauteng
- ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDegradation in arid and semi-arid regions can be ascribed primarily to environmental conditions such as extreme changes in temperature and erratic rainfall patterns. Seed germination and seedling…Publication Date 2006
- Drought Stress
- polyethylene glycol (PEG)
- restoration
- rangelands
- seeds
- germination
- grasslands
- rainfall
- climate
- drought
- plant autecology
- restoration ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordCeropegia macmasteri, a new species from Cathcart in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, is only known from a single population in Dohne sourveld grassland where it occurs with another rare…Publication Date 2006
- Ceropegia macmasteri
- Eastern Cape
- South Africa
- sp. nov.
- taxonomy
- classification
- endemic species
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordCyperus articulatus L. and Cyperus corymbosus Rottb. were studied in southern Africa and were found to be synonymous. The latter bears laminae, has longer bracts and frequently has less septate culms…Publication Date 2006
- Cyperus articulatus
- Cyperus corymbosus
- southern Africa
- taxonomy
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Drakensberg Alpine Centre (DAC) of southern Africa supports a speciose number of angiosperms. Its compliment of 2520 native angiosperms is comparable with the native floras of northern hemisphere…Publication Date 2006
- Angiosperms
- Drakensberg Alpine Centre
- Endemism
- flora
- Near-endemism
- Orange list
- Plant conservation
- Radiation
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe aim of the study was to identify and classify the woodlands, bushland and grasslands of the Umkhanyakude Integrated Sustainable Rural Development Node (also known as Maputaland) into homogenous…Publication Date 2006
- plant ecology
- Maputaland
- multivariate analysis
- Phytosociology
- grasslands
- monitoring
- data analysis
- landscape ecology
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordRenewable energy usage in Africa has been reviewed using South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria and Mali as case studies. The various national energy policies of these countries were analysed and areas that…Publication Date 2006
- renewable energy
- Sustainable development
- environment
- Africa
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAlthough a variety of hierarchical image segmentation procedures for remote sensing imagery have been published, none of them specifically integrates remote sensing time series in spatial or…Publication Date 2008
- Hierarchical image segmentation
- Fast Fourier transform
- NDVI time series
- vegetation mapping
- mapping
- remote sensing
- ecosystem dynamics
- ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper evaluated the capacity of SPOT VEGETATION time-series to monitor herbaceous fuel moisture content (FMC) in order to improve fire risk assessment in the savanna ecosystem of Kruger National…Publication Date 2007
- Fuel moisture content
- Live and dead fuel
- Improved Vegetation Dryness Index (IVDI)
- fire risk
- SPOT VEGETATION
- monitoring
- savanna
- fire
- ecosystem dynamics
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAn 18-year time series of monthly NOAA-AVHRR Pathfinder Land burned area was analyzed for the region of tropical Africa, from July 1981 to June 1999. The transition period between NOAA-11 and NOAA-14…Publication Date 2007
- Global burned area
- Southern Oscillation Index
- NOAA-AVHRR Pathfinder Land
- Forecast
- SARIMA
- fire ecology
- NOAA
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe response of photosynthetic activity to interannual rainfall variations in Africa South of the Sahara is examined using 20 years (1981-2000) of Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) AVHRR…Publication Date 2007
- NDVI
- vegetation
- rainfall
- Land cover
- soil properties
- Interannual variability
- Africa
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper defines a land cover classification technique based on the annual NDVI cycle. A similarity measure based directly on the components of the Discrete Fourier Transform is used to determine a…Publication Date 2006
- Discrete Fourier Transform
- NDVI-time series
- classification
- Functional vegetation groups
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper evaluated the capacity of SPOT VEGETATION time-series to monitor the vegetation biomass and water content in order to improve fire risk assessment in the savanna ecosystem of Kruger…Publication Date 2006
- biomass
- Fire risk assessment
- SPOT VEGETATION
- time-series
- Vegetation water content
- fire ecology
- savanna
- vegetation dynamics
- monitoring
- plant production
- national parks
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEarly warning systems (EWS) tend to focus on the identification of slow onset disasters such famine and epidemic disease. Since hazardous environmental conditions often precede disastrous outcomes by…Publication Date 2006
- Early warning
- Africa
- food security
- NDVI
- precipitation
- rainfall
- Malaria
- Rift valley fever
- Pastoral livelihoods
- modelling
- drought
- management
- system ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis study presents first results on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) sensor onboard the geostationary satellite Meteosat…Publication Date 2006
- Africa
- Geostationary
- In situ measurements
- NDVI
- MSG
- vegetation monitoring
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe palynology of two overlapping Holocene cores from Lake Sibaya in KwaZulu-Natal elucidates the relationship between climate, vegetation and human impact in the region. By means of twenty-one AMS…Publication Date 2008
- palynology
- Vegetation history
- Holocene
- South Africa
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSavanna ecosystems of southern Africa are strongly influenced by water availability and fire intensity, and this study aimed to show whether these two specific environmental variables are reflected…Publication Date 2008
- calibration
- Kruger National Park
- fire history
- quantitative analysis
- Relevant Source Area of Charcoal
- fire ecology
- palaeobotany
- rainfall
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNew detailed biome reconstructions are proposed in East Africa from modern pollen data derived from 150 sites located in northern Kenya (40 sites), north-western Uganda (51 sites) and southern…Publication Date 2006
- palaeobotany
- biomisation
- East Africa
- modern pollen
- plant functional type
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordVegetation changes are documented from a well-dated pollen record from Lake Emakat, Empakaai Crater, northern Tanzania. This pollen record includes the time interval covering the Pleistocene/Holocene…Publication Date 2006
- East Africa
- pollen analysis
- Pleistocene/Holocene transition
- Vegetation Change
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper considers the evolution of Homo sapiens in eastern Africa in relation to refugia and bottlenecks around ~200 ka BP, at a macro scale. Middle Stone Age (MSA) lithics, site distributions and…Publication Date 2008
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe degree to which different lakes within a landscape respond coherently (in unison) to external drivers such as climate change and soil development is uncertain. Presentation of multi-proxy,…Publication Date 2007
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPollen analysis shed light on vegetation community structure over the last 23,000 year in the western Cape. The pollen from dated hyrax faecal accumulations (hyraceum) relates to the evolution of…Publication Date 2007
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn this paper, we develop an original statistical method to infer palaeoenvironmental conditions from fossil taxonomical assemblages based on the present-day observed environmental characteristics of…Publication Date 2006
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe distribution of pollen in marine sediments is used to record vegetation change on the continent. Generally, a good latitudinal correspondence exists between the distribution patterns of pollen in…Publication Date 2006
- palaeobotany
- pollen distribution
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper presents an environmental exposure assessment model for estimating chronic intake of vanadium (a transition metal) by cattle farmed extensively in areas contaminated by vanadium pollutants…Publication Date 2006
- Environmental epidemiology
- Vanadium
- pollution
- cattle
- model
- Transition metals and exposure assessment
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAlluvial and braided fluvial deposits of the 3.2 Ga Moodies Group in the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa, are analyzed petrographically and geochemically to identify their source rocks (…Publication Date 2006
- Archean sedimentary rocks
- Paleoweathering
- Paleoclimate
- provenance
- Barberton Greenstone Belt
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDespite impressive efforts at clearing stands of invasive Australian Acacia species in South Africa, insufficient attention has been given to understanding the role of seed banks in the invasiveness…Publication Date 2008
- biological control
- biological invasions
- exotic species
- Invasive alien species
- Fabaceae
- restoration ecology
- seed banks
- Alien invasive species
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordComplementary resource use is regarded as a mechanism that contributes to positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Here, we used a biodiversity experiment composed of…Publication Date 2008
- Arrhenatherum elatius
- Biodiversity effects
- Complementarity
- Light competition
- The Jena Experiment
- Vertical structure
- species richness
- biodiversity
- ecosystem ecology
- grasses
- grasslands
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordCoexistence of trees and grasses in savannas should be possible if competition between the woody and the grassy components is less intense than the competition within each component. Although several…Publication Date 2008
- Acacia mellifera
- Competitor removal experiment
- Nearest-neighbour distance
- quantile regression
- spatial autocorrelation
- Spatial point pattern analysis
- savanna
- ecosystem ecology
- vegetation dynamics
- ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe tree-grass interactions of African savannas are mainly determined by varying rainfall patterns and soil fertility. Large savanna trees are known to modify soil nutrient conditions, but whether…Publication Date 2007
- canopy
- Fibre content
- Grass structure
- grazing
- nitrogen
- phosphorus
- savanna
- rainfall
- soil fertility
- plant production
- nutrition
- soil organic carbon
- biomass
- forage quality
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe coexistence of woody and grassy plants in savannas has often been attributed to a rooting-niche separation (two-layer hypothesis). Water was assumed to be the limiting resource for both growth…Publication Date 2006
- fire
- grazing
- Honeycomb rippling model
- Inter-tree competition
- Spatio-temporal rainfall variation
- Tree-grass coexistence
- savanna
- indigenous encroaching species
- grasslands
- soil moisture
- rainfall
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn South Africa, formal titles to land have generally been restricted to 'commercial' farms under white ownership. However, in Namaqualand in the Northern Cape Province, mapping of…Publication Date 2008
- mapping
- Formalisation
- Land rights
- communal rangeland
- South Africa
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordStudies conducted at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR, South Africa) identified extracts from Hoodia species, in particular Hoodia pilifera and Hoodia gordonii, as possessing…Publication Date 2007
- Hoodia pilifera
- Hoodia gordonii
- Apocynaceae
- Ghaap
- Appetite suppressant
- Pregnane glycoside
- Cymarose
- Thevetose
- Methyl [beta]-lilacinobioside
- 12-O-tigloyldigipurpurogenin II
- Ethnobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLake Urema is one of the most important ecological features of Gorongosa National Park, located in central Mozambique, in the East African Rift System. Understanding hydrology and ecology of the lake…Publication Date 2006
- floodplain
- remote sensing
- Reservoir lake
- Sediment composition
- savanna
- water quality
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Millennium Development Goals' target to halve the proportion of people who suffer from hunger is extremely important in southern Africa, where food security has become increasingly…Publication Date 2006
- food security
- Millennium development goals
- soil fertility
- Soil-water conservation
- conservation
- Soil Condition
- Economic Aspects
- management
- irrigation
- socio-economic aspects
- rangeland condition
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordGovernance structures in Botswana are highly centralized and top-down in orientation. For water and related resources management in rural areas, this creates particular difficulties - from lack of…Publication Date 2006
- Okavango River Basin
- Ngamiland
- governance
- Sustainable resource use
- Integrated water resources management
- access
- Livelihoods
- socio-economic aspects
- policies
- degradation
- stakeholders
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLong environmental proxy records are very scarce in semi-dry continental areas and often those available present conflicting interpretations. However, more in-depth investigation of apparent…Publication Date 2008
- pollen
- Lake sediments
- Stable isotope
- Speleothem
- climate change
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe sediment records of three shallow climate-sensitive lakes in equatorial East Africa (Chibwera and Kanyamukali in western Uganda, and Baringo in central Kenya) contain clear lithological evidence…Publication Date 2008
- Tropical East Africa
- palaeoclimate
- Late Holocene
- Lake-sediment records
- Sediment stratigraphy
- Lake Baringo
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Olduvai fossil plants documented by us in this paper are the first direct evidence for open grassland in the late Neogene of Africa based on macroplant remains. Silicified remains of herbaceous…Publication Date 2008
- Macrofossils
- grassland
- Olduvai Gorge
- Terminal Neogene
- Serengeti ecosystem
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEvidence suggests that C4 grasses, adapted to conditions of low CO2, high temperatures, and water-stressed environments, expanded relatively quickly, and in several geographically distinct regions,…Publication Date 2007
- Oligocene
- Climate modelling
- C4 grasses
- Miocene
- C3 grasses
- palaeobotany
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe lack of anoxic environments in arid lands makes well-preserved fossil pollen difficult to find. The scarcity of continental palaeobotanical data in tropical arid zones restricts the understanding…Publication Date 2007
- Namib Desert
- Holocene
- palynology
- Savanna dynamics
- Nama-Karoo
- Vegetation history
- Hyrax middens
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper reports new multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental data on the late Glacial-Holocene transition (c. 14.8-9.3 ka) in equatorial East Africa, in the form of microfossil assemblages (chironomids,…Publication Date 2007
- climate change
- Crater lake
- Chironomids
- Diatoms
- East Africa
- Empakaai
- Multi-proxy reconstruction
- Ostracods
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe present a synthesis of modern phytolith studies from Africa, to infer the potential and limitations of phytolith assemblages to reconstruct vegetation and tree cover density. The modern dataset…Publication Date 2007
- Hominids
- Palaeo-anthropological sites
- Silica bodies
- PCA
- tree density
- MODIS
- Africa
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMajor morphological and behavioral innovations in early human evolution have traditionally been viewed as responses to conditions associated with increasing aridity and the development of extensive…Publication Date 2007
- Laetoli
- paleoecology
- isotopes
- Hominin evolution
- Paleodiet
- herbivore
- Pliocene
- Tanzania
- Africa
- palaeobotany
- palaeoecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe report five Oligocene-early Miocene pollen assemblages from the Loperot-1 exploration well drilled in the semi-desert Lokichar Basin (latitude 02 ° 21' 46.15'' N, longitude 35 °…Publication Date 2006
- palaeobotany
- Kenya Rift
- Turkana depression
- Lokichar Basin
- Oligo-Miocene
- palynology
- Palaeovegetation
- palaeoclimate
- Palaeogeography
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe paper provides new and comparative insight into the ecological history of the two largest continental tropical forest areas during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The tropical forest regions are…Publication Date 2006
- Last Glacial Maximum
- Climate history
- Vegetation history
- Rain forest
- South America
- Africa
- palaeoenvironment
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSouth Africa' s winter-rainfall zone is a climatically sensitive region, lying at the interface of the earth's temperate and sub-tropical climatic systems. Its seasonally arid climate has…Publication Date 2006
- South Africa
- Quaternary
- pans
- palynology
- Luminescence dating
- palaeoenvironment
- Africa
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