Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThe authors evaluated changes in plant composition and forage productivity on two Chihuahuan Desert ranges with different grazing histories and different histories of woody plant control. A major…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- black grama
- Bouteloua eriopoda
- Chihuahuan Desert
- honey mesquite
- key forage species
- Mesa Dropseed
- Prosopis glandulosa
- Sporobolus flexuosus
- Library Collection RecordReview of several types of disturbances on the health and invasibility of natural plant communities. In the grazing section of the paper, the authors state that grazing is only detrimental in areas…Publication Date 1969
- species diversity
- grazing
- disturbance
- Ecosystem function
- historical use
- invasibility
- Library Collection RecordHobbs et al. hypothesized that grazing by large herbivores results in conservation of nitrogen that would otherwise be lost from burned grasslands. They tested this hypothesis in a series of…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- cattle
- grazing
- herbivory
- fire
- nitrogen budgets
- nutrient cycling
- patch dynamics
- spatial variation
- Library Collection RecordGrazing is needed for the maintenance of a grassland system. Hill notes that altering the well-documented relationship between producer and consumer (grass and herbivore) seems unwise. Removing…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivores
- grasslands
- management
- biological diversity
- policy
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of repeated simulated grazing on big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) plants, with and without mycorrhizal fungi, were measured Hetrick et al. in this greenhouse experiment. Big bluestem…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Andropogon gerardii
- symbiosis
- big bluestem
- Herbage Yield
- plant stress
- vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae
- Library Collection RecordHeitschmidt et al. examined the sustainability of the livestock grazing industry, in the Great Plains of North America, relative to ecological processes, economic viability, and social acceptance.…Publication Date 1969
- economic viability
- grazing
- ecological sustainability
- social acceptance
- Library Collection RecordPermanently marked tillers of five perennial grasses, native to the mixed-grass prairie of North America, were monitored on a pasture in Texas, to determine patterns of defoliation, architectural…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- mixed-grass prairie
- perennial grasses
- tiller defoliation
- Library Collection RecordHeitschmidt's objectives in this review are to (1) examine the potential impact of livestock and other large herbivores on rangeland vegetation; and (2) relate these concepts to the concept of…Publication Date 1969
- livestock
- grazing optimization theory
- management goals
- management practices
- range improvement
- terrestrial ecosystems
- Library Collection RecordFall burning and continuous grazing of California coastal prairie on upper, middle, and lower slopes had varied effect on 3 native perennial grasses. Foliar cover of California oatgrass (Danthonia…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- management
- California
- coastal grassland
- restoration
- Library Collection RecordHartnett et al. studied the effects of bison grazing in Kansas tallgrass prairie on plant species composition and diversity components in sites of contrasting fire frequency. Cover and frequency of…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- plant communities
- species diversity
- grazing
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordPlant biodiversity and evenness on shortgrass steppe range in Colorado were greater in light and moderately grazed pastures than ungrazed or heavily grazed pastures after 55 years of treatment.…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- grazing intensity
- Bouteloua gracilis
- Stipa comata
- Opuntia polyacantha
- Pascopyrum smithii
- plant species biodiversity
- Library Collection RecordHarrison et al. studied the effects of livestock grazing and fire in a mosaic of serpentine and nonserpentine soils in California, where most grasslands are dominated by exotic annuals and serpentine…Publication Date 1969
- grasslands
- grazing
- diversity
- exotic species
- fire
- invasion
- serpentine
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordHamilton and Frank performed a 13C pulse-chase experiment on a common grazing tolerant grass, Poa pratensis, of Yellowstone National Park, to follow carbon flow into the soil rhizosphere and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- nitrogen
- Poa pratensis
- grassland
- microbe
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordCattle trampling of endangered plants, certain animal species, and ground nests may be a management concern on rangeland. Researchers need theoretical models of trampling loss to assist in design of…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- grazing
- trampling
- modeling
- probability
- short duration grazing
- Library Collection RecordGuo determined the long-term recovery of a Sonoran Desert plant community from historical human and livestock disturbances, using current and historic data sets. Since the removal of livestock from…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- climate effects
- long-term dynamics
- site history
- Sonoran Desert
- species turnover
- Library Collection RecordGuenther and Detling used vegetation measurements and observations of cattle activity and location to determine cattle use and preference of habitat types in grassland pastures that contained prairie…Publication Date 1969
- Bos taurus
- cattle
- grazing
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- Habitat Preference
- prairie dogs
- shortgrass steppe
- site selection
- Library Collection RecordGreen and Kauffman examined species frequency, richness, evenness, and utilization in grazed pastures and ungrazed exclosures in 8 plant communities, over a 10 year period, in a northeastern Oregon…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- species diversity
- community succession
- disturbance
- riparian
- Library Collection RecordGiuliano and Homyack looked at the effects of cattle grazing on small mammal composition in riparian areas, where cattle have been previously excluded from grazing. Ungrazed areas were 1.7 times…Publication Date 1969
- fencing
- livestock
- vegetation
- wildlife
- litter
- pasture
- stream
- Library Collection RecordIn a Quebec salt marsh, Giroux and Bedard determine the response of five plant species (Scirpus americanus, Zizania aquatica, Eleocharis spp., Sagittaria spp., Scirpus torreyi) to goose herbivory and…Publication Date 1969
- Zizania aquatica
- plant production
- grazing
- Eleocharis spp.
- greater snow goose
- macrophytes
- penetration resistance
- Sagittaria latifolia
- Scirpus americanus
- Scirpus torreyi
- Library Collection RecordA study to examine the runoff and sediment yields of annual and perennial forages under grazing in central Alberta was initiated in 1994. Total runoff was low but dominated by snowmelt. Total…Publication Date 1969
- forage
- soil erosion
- sustainability
- grazing
- rainfall simulation
- sediment yield
- Library Collection RecordGilbert et al. looked at the habitat requirements for nesting ducks, and how management practices effect nesting density and success on the Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge (MVNWR) in southern…Publication Date 1969
- Biomonitoring
- grazing
- waterfowl
- line-transect sampling
- nest density
- nest success
- Library Collection RecordOne of the goals of the Buenos Aries National Wildlife Refuge is to preserve native vegetation on grasslands that have been invaded by mesquite (Prosopis velutina) and many non-native species,…Publication Date 1969
- climate
- Eragrostis lehmanniana
- grazing
- Arizona
- fire
- long-term monitoring
- non-native
- Semi-Desert Grassland
- Library Collection RecordThis review examines the interactions between herbivores, plants, and climatic factors in arctic wetlands using, as a case study, results of research on grazing by snow geese (Chen caerulescens) on…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- grazing
- nitrogen
- plant production
- reproduction
- arctic ecosystems
- Chen caerulescens
- plant-herbivore interaction
- snow geese
- Library Collection RecordAfter a 3-year study, Ganskopp et al. determined the cumulative effects of grazing on young bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) plants for combinations of winter wildlife use and early- or late-season…Publication Date 1969
- antelope bitterbrush
- Purshia tridentata
- livestock
- big game
- wildlife
- habitat
- shrub
- winter range
- Library Collection RecordGanskopp et al. measured the effects of spring cattle grazing on utilization, trampling, and growth of bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) in pastures with light or heavy stocking rates in southeast…Publication Date 1969
- antelope bitterbrush
- Purshia tridentata
- livestock
- big game
- browse
- habitat
- winter range
- Library Collection RecordAt 14-day intervals one of 7 cohorts of Thurber needlegrass (Stipa thurberiana Piper) plants was defoliated to a 2.5-cm stubble to describe initial growth rates, determine defoliation effects on…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- regrowth
- soil moisture
- rangelands
- forage conditioning
- herbage production
- livestock nutrition
- Stipa thurberiana Piper
- Thurber needlegrass
- Library Collection RecordFuhlendorf et al. evaluated restored and native sites in Oklahoma, within long-term heavy and moderate grazing regimes, to determine if soil nutrients from reseeded cultivated land have recovered…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- carbon sequestration
- Great Plains
- mixed prairie soils
- nitrogen conservation reserve program
- restoration
- Library Collection RecordAt Texas A&M University Agricultural Research Station, Fuhlendorf and Smeins analyzed long-term (45-years) basal area dynamics of dominant graminoid species, across three grazing intensity…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- stability
- climax community
- diversity
- scale
- succession
- vegetation model
- Library Collection RecordAuthors analyze a 44-year record of herbaceous vegetation change for three contrasting grazing regimes, within a semi-arid savanna, to evaluate the relative contribution of confined livestock grazing…Publication Date 1969
- climate
- grazing
- herbivory
- stability
- plant-animal interaction
- rangeland evaluation
- resilience
- state and transition model
- Vegetation Change
- vegetation monitoring
- Library Collection RecordRanching is the dominant land use in much of the American West. Although a copious literature has examined the effects of various grazing practices on native ecosystems, Freilich et al. present that…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- grazing
- ranching
- range management
- Library Collection RecordA year long study was conducted to examine how large herbivores and landscape factors affect soil C and N dynamics in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park. Results from the in situ experiment…Publication Date 1969
- carbon
- grazing
- herbivory
- bison
- nitrogen
- elk
- grassland
- Library Collection RecordA five year study, in the desert grassland of New Mexico, sampled arthropods living in the canopies of two woody shrub species (Gutierrezia sarothrae and Prosopis glandulosa) and perennial grasses…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- mesquite
- arthropod
- growing season rainfall
- Gutierrezia sarothrae
- Prosopis glandulosa
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordFondell and Ball looked at the effect that cattle grazing has on ground nesting bird nest success in Montana. Gadwall and western meadowlark nesting success did not differ between grazed and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- grassland
- ground-nesting birds
- nest density
- nest success
- Library Collection RecordFitzGerald et al. evaluated the preferences of cattle for major plant species with regards to regenerating post-burned aspen (Populus tremuloides) forest. Cattle grazed forest more when grasses…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- cattle
- Populus tremuloides
- Aspen
- preference
- Library Collection RecordFitter reviews Westoby's (1989) comments about the selective effects that vertebrate herbivores may have on plants, using the detailed studies by Jefferies and co-workers at La Perouse Bay on…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- grazing
- genotypes
- above-ground standing crop
- below-ground primary production
- La Perouse Bay
- net annual primary production
- nitrogen cycling
- Library Collection RecordFehmi and Bartolome evaluated the effects of fall burning and excluding grazing on spatial patterns of Nassella pulchra, in a historically grazed Coastal Prairie of California. N. pulchra…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- Coastal Prairie
- Nassella pulchra
- native perennial grasses
- pattern analysis
- purple needlegrass
- Library Collection RecordFay compared the effects of cattle and bison grazing, mixed with prescribed burning, on insect diversity in two grassland prairies. He found that bison-grazed plots had a higher species richness of…Publication Date 1969
- insects
- grazing
- fire
- Sandhill Prairie
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordIn Kansas, Fahnestock and Knapp examined two abundant tallgrass prairie forb species, Ambrosia psilostachya and Vernonia baldwinii, commonly found intact in patches where the grasses have been…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grazing
- water availability
- productivity
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- inland ironweed
- Vernonia baldwinii
- western ragweed
- Library Collection RecordFahnestock and Knapp assessed the indirect effects of selective grass herbivory by bison on the xylem pressure potentials and primary production of ungrazed tallgrass prairie forbs, during the 1990…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grazing
- Andropogon gerardii
- biomass
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- Aster ericoides
- Bison bison
- Vernonia baldwinii
- xylem pressure potential
- Library Collection RecordIn this review, Edwards looks at the populations of diverse native grass species, that are found in cattle pastures throughout central California, and how many of these areas have been overgrazed,…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- California
- livestock
- browsing
- biodiversity
- competition
- exotic herbaceous species
- native grasses
- paleontological studies
- wildflowers
- Library Collection RecordAfter considering all the available evidence, Edwards notes that the Californian Pleistocene megafauna was a complex of grazing-browsing-trampling effects. Edwards infers that California's…Publication Date 1969
- California
- grazing
- bunchgrasses
- grazing ecology
- management strategies
- native wildflowers
- Pleistocene megafauna
- Library Collection RecordThis study is a quantitative description of the response of vegetation from 1973 to 1983 on the Goldbanks and Pueblo Mountain cattle allotments in northern Nevada managed under a 3-year pasture rest-…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- cattle
- rest-rotation
- Vegetation Response
- Library Collection RecordCalifornia annual grasslands are often managed with seasonal grazing and prescribed burning on the assumption that such practices have long-term benefits for native species. Mature native perennial…Publication Date 1969
- burning
- grazing
- Life History
- topography
- bunchgrass
- long-term response
- Nassella pulchra
- purple needlegrass
- Library Collection RecordIn California, prescribed fire and grazing are management tools to reduce non-native species in annual grasslands. Purple needlegrass (Nassella pulchra) subject to summer grazing and fire produced…Publication Date 1969
- germination
- grazing
- Maternal effects
- seed viability
- California
- Annual Grassland
- Nassella pulchra
- prescribed fire
- purple needlegrass
- soil seed bank
- Library Collection RecordDrewa and Havstad examined the responses of herbaceous and suffrutescent species to fire, grazing, and presence of Prosopis glandulosa, in a Chihuahuan desert grassland in southcentral New Mexico.…Publication Date 1969
- population dynamics
- livestock
- drought
- black grama
- Bouteloua eriopoda
- diversity
- honey mesquite
- prescribed fires
- Prosopis glandulosa
- Library Collection RecordThe Mount Haggin Wildlife Management Area in Montana is managed under a three-pasture grazing system incorporating about 18,000 acres. Cattle graze these pastures (all similar in size and grazing…Publication Date 1969
- Mice
- grazing
- voles
- raptors
- Library Collection RecordThis study was initiated in 1984 to determine the feasibility of using cattle under operational conditions to enhance growth of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- seedlings
- Pseudotsuga menziesii
- Pinus ponderosa
- xylem
- Douglas-fir
- ponderosa pine
- water relations
- Library Collection RecordAuthors discuss using cattle or other livestock as a vegetation management tool. Grazing has the potential to allow tree seedlings to establish on tree plantations in the absence of competing…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- cattle
- sheep
- Competing Vegetation
- tree establishment
- tree plantations
- Library Collection RecordDesmond looked at the effects of cattle and black-tailed prairie dogs on the abundance of birds in the Chihuahuan Desert, Mexico. Overall, birds were more abundant on private lands with prairie dog…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- winter
- banner-tailed kangaroo rat
- black-tailed prairie dog
- Chihuahuan desert grasslands
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- Dipodomys spectibilis
- grassland birds
- land-use
- Library Collection RecordThis article supports the belief that overcompensation of total primary production can occur in plant populations and communities subjected to grazing. However, it is noted that whether or not this…Publication Date 1969
- compensation
- grazing
- grasslands
- primary production
- rangelands
- herbivory
- herbivore optimization theory
- overcompensation