Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThree plant species (Poa pratensis, Poa compressa, Dactylis glomerata) were grown in three soil types, varying in nutrient contents, and then subjected to simulated grazing (clipping) to determine if…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- regrowth
- nutrients
- Poa pratensis
- Poa compressa
- Dactylis glomerata
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of light, moderate, and heavy Black Brant (Branta bernicla) gosling herbivory on Carex subspathacea grazing lawns and slough levee vegetation were measured in this study. Forage…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- grazing intensity
- black brant geese
- Branta bernicla nigricans
- Carex subspathacea
- forage availability
- foraging efficiency
- Triglochin palustris
- Library Collection RecordHendon and Briske investigated the response of Texas cupgrass (Eriochloa sericea), a warm season perennial bunchgrass, to clipping of 75% of canopy volume prior-, during, and post- culm elongation,…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- defoliation
- mortality
- Eriochloa sericea
- herbivory-sensitivity
- perennial bunchgrass
- Texas cupgrass
- tiller demography
- Library Collection RecordHartnett measure the responses of Andropogon gerardii and Panicum virgatum to defoliation under different clipping intensities, plant densities, and plant growth forms. In general, defoliation…Publication Date 1969
- Andropogon gerardii
- Panicum virgatum
- herbivory
- plant density
- clonal growth
- competition
- simulated herbivory
- Library Collection RecordHamilton and Frank performed a 13C pulse-chase experiment on a common grazing tolerant grass, Poa pratensis, of Yellowstone National Park, to follow carbon flow into the soil rhizosphere and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- nitrogen
- Poa pratensis
- grassland
- microbe
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Gough and Grace studied plant community responses to fertilization and herbivory in Louisiana brackish and freshwater marshes. Species density was greater in plots that were grazed…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- fertilization
- herbivory
- Nutria
- nutrients
- productivity
- species diversity
- coastal marsh
- diversity
- Myocastor coypus
- Sagittaria lancifolia
- Scirpus americanus
- Spartina patens
- Library Collection RecordThe authors observed the effects of small mammal grazing and herbivory by above- and below-ground invertebrates on plant species abundance and richness in the tallgrass prairie of Kansas. Small…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- invertebrates
- plant communities
- small mammals
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordThis review examines the interactions between herbivores, plants, and climatic factors in arctic wetlands using, as a case study, results of research on grazing by snow geese (Chen caerulescens) on…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- grazing
- nitrogen
- plant production
- reproduction
- arctic ecosystems
- Chen caerulescens
- plant-herbivore interaction
- snow geese
- Library Collection RecordFecal analysis and direct grazing observations in salt marshes and pens indicated that feral horses on Assateague Island, Maryland selectively graze Spartina alterniflora and avoid Distichlis spicata…Publication Date 1969
- Distichlis spicata
- Spartina alterniflora
- halophytes
- herbivory
- plant competition
- Assateague Island
- salt marsh ecology
- Zonation
- Library Collection RecordThis Louisiana study was initiated using exclosures to determine whether mammalian herbivory by nutria (Myocastor coypus), muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus), and waterfowl had a measurable impact on the…Publication Date 1969
- Nutria
- Salix nigra
- Louisiana
- herbivory
- Ammania coccinea
- Cyperus difformis
- Eleocharis spp.
- muskrat
- Myocastor coypus
- Ondatra zibethicus
- plant biomass
- Sagittaria latifolia
- species composition
- Sphenoclea zeylandica
- Typha latifolia
- Library Collection RecordAt Texas A&M University Agricultural Research Station, Fuhlendorf and Smeins analyzed long-term (45-years) basal area dynamics of dominant graminoid species, across three grazing intensity…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- stability
- climax community
- diversity
- scale
- succession
- vegetation model
- Library Collection RecordAuthors analyze a 44-year record of herbaceous vegetation change for three contrasting grazing regimes, within a semi-arid savanna, to evaluate the relative contribution of confined livestock grazing…Publication Date 1969
- climate
- grazing
- herbivory
- stability
- plant-animal interaction
- rangeland evaluation
- resilience
- state and transition model
- Vegetation Change
- vegetation monitoring
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Frank and McNaughton tested the theory that herbivory would stimulate above-ground production by measuring the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) grazing on plant…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- primary production
- grasslands
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- Bison bison
- elk
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordIn Yellowstone National Park, Frank et al. examined the effects of large herds of migratory herds of ungulates on ecosystem primary production by comparing aboveground (NAP) and belowground…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- primary production
- ungulates
- grassland
- minirhizotron
- root growth
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordFrank et al. determined how nitrogen (N) cycling in Yellowstone National Park related to topography and ungulate use. As found in previous grassland studies, the N mineralization rates in…Publication Date 1969
- grasslands
- herbivory
- nitrogen cycling
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordA year long study was conducted to examine how large herbivores and landscape factors affect soil C and N dynamics in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park. Results from the in situ experiment…Publication Date 1969
- carbon
- grazing
- herbivory
- bison
- nitrogen
- elk
- grassland
- Library Collection RecordFrank and Groffman examined the influence of native migratory ungulates on denitrification in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park in two ways, by (1) examining the effect of artificial urine…Publication Date 1969
- denitrification
- herbivory
- nitrogen
- grassland
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordMass migration of Yellowstone's ungulates is, not only a critical step to enhance their nutritional quality, but also a key factor in the nutrient cycle of the Park's grass and shrublands…Publication Date 1969
- diet
- forage
- herbivory
- migration
- nitrogen
- ungulates
- Bison bison
- elk
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordFrank and McNaughton measured net aboveground primary productivity (ANPP), large herbivore consumption (C), and dung deposition (D), an index of nutrient flow from herbivores to the soil, in…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- consumption
- drought
- Cervus elaphus
- herbivory
- primary production
- Bison bison
- elk
- forage quality
- grassland function
- ungulate migration
- Library Collection RecordFowler and Rausher studied the effects of simulated grazing and interspecific competition on Texas dutchman's pipevine (Aristolochia reticulata), in a greenhouse setting, to determine if a model…Publication Date 1969
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- herbivory
- Aristolochia reticulata
- Battus philenor
- community structure
- competition
- interspecific interactions
- little bluestem
- pipevine swallowtail butterfly
- Rubus trivialis
- southern dewberry
- Texas Dutchman's pipevine
- Library Collection RecordFitter reviews Westoby's (1989) comments about the selective effects that vertebrate herbivores may have on plants, using the detailed studies by Jefferies and co-workers at La Perouse Bay on…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- grazing
- genotypes
- above-ground standing crop
- below-ground primary production
- La Perouse Bay
- net annual primary production
- nitrogen cycling
- Library Collection RecordDubois et al. examined the effects of tree shelters and herbaceous weed control on second-year seedling survival, browse by deer and rabbits, and seedling growth of hand-planted cherrybark oak (…Publication Date 1969
- economics
- herbivory
- regeneration
- Sulfometuron
- cherrybark oak
- deer browsing
- Quercus pagoda
- tree protectors
- tree shelters
- Library Collection RecordThis article supports the belief that overcompensation of total primary production can occur in plant populations and communities subjected to grazing. However, it is noted that whether or not this…Publication Date 1969
- compensation
- grazing
- grasslands
- primary production
- rangelands
- herbivory
- herbivore optimization theory
- overcompensation
- Library Collection RecordBased on resource availability models of plant defense investment, several authors have predicted and documented that herbivores tend to accelerate the pace of plant community succession. Davidson…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- granivory
- plant community succession
- plant defense
- terrestrial ecosystems
- Library Collection RecordCrawley notes that there has been a resurgence of the density dependence debate (TREE Letters, March 1987), and the argument about whether or not competition is important in structuring communities (…Publication Date 1969
- natural selection
- genotypes
- herbivory
- ecosystem levels
- plant populations
- plant-herbivore interactions
- Library Collection RecordA study conducted at Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota, following preliminary assessments of bison (Bison bison) use of prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) towns, found that midsummer was when…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- herbivory
- grazing
- Bison bison
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- forage interactions
- habitat use patterns
- mixed-grass prairie
- prairie dogs
- Library Collection RecordConover examines whether Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) grazing changed the species composition of grass species at 20 sites in Connecticut, where geese are considered a nuisance. Mean goose…Publication Date 1969
- carrying capacity
- herbivory
- Lawns
- Kentucky bluegrass
- Poa pratensis
- Branta canadensis
- Canada geese
- turf grass
- turf grazing
- urban wildlife
- wildlife damage control
- Library Collection RecordCoggins and Conover determined the effects of pocket gophers (Thomomys spp.), herbivore grazing, and the combination of the two, on aspen (Populus tremuloides) regeneration through use of grazing…Publication Date 1969
- browsing
- deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- Populus tremuloides
- herbivory
- Aspen
- Cervus canadensis
- elk
- Pocket Gopher
- Thomomys spp.
- Library Collection RecordOver this 18-week experiment in South Dakota, Cid et al. examined two morphologically distinct growth forms of Agropyron smithii, cloned from material collected from a prairie dog colony (PDC) and a…Publication Date 1969
- Agropyron smithii
- herbivory
- silica
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- plant-animal interactions
- prairie dogs
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of light and heavy grazing on the non-structural carbohydrate concentrations of Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa caucasica) plant parts were determined in this study. Non-structural…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- Bothriochloa caucasica
- Caucasian Bluestem
- defoliation tolerance
- energy reserves
- persistence
- Library Collection RecordIn an 18 month study, in oak post savannah in east central Texas, individual plant basal area decreased and total plant density increased when Schizachyrium scoparium was subjected to repeated, 2 and…Publication Date 1969
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- population structure
- herbivory
- basal area
- perennial bunchgrass
- tiller demography
- Library Collection RecordIn this review, Bryant et al. note that future attempts to explain selective browsing by mammals on woody plants must include chemical antiherbivore defense. This will require identification of…Publication Date 1969
- browsing
- herbivory
- mammals
- chemical defense
- secondary metabolite
- woody plant
- Library Collection RecordBrown and Stuth compared tiller regrowth in Schizachyrium scoparium and Paspalum plicatulum at light, moderate, heavy and extreme levels of defoliation, over 4 years in a Texas grassland.…Publication Date 1969
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- Paspalum plicatulum
- herbivory
- defoliation intensity
- herbivore selectivity
- tillers
- Library Collection RecordBy analyzing herbivore systems at different levels, Brown and Allen have complicated the meaning of the term compensation that its usefulness might be called into question. However, those…Publication Date 1969
- compensatory growth
- herbivory
- hierarchical approach
- level of organization
- overcompensation
- plant-herbivore interaction
- Library Collection RecordResearches at the Edwards Plateau Land Resources Area in Texas clipped target plants (selective grazing), target plants and 5 nearest neighbors (uniform grazing), or neighbors only, in areas…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- herbivory
- population structure
- selective grazing
- grassland
- plant-animal interaction
- tiller demography
- Library Collection RecordIn 1969, grazing was excluded from the Appleton-Whittell Research Ranch after over a century of historic grazing. Researchers then compared vegetation in 1969 to current vegetation on the ranch, and…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- rest
- diversity
- plant-herbivore relationships
- vegetation cover
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of fall and spring grazing by sheep on cover components and recovery following a change in seasonality of grazing practices, were studied within long-term grazing treatments of three-tip…Publication Date 1969
- sheep
- herbivory
- Artemisia tripartita
- grazing season
- rangeland indicators
- resilience
- three-tip sagebrush
- Library Collection RecordTo determine the effects of competition and herbivory on plant growth in plant communities with low, medium or high levels of biomass, target plants were transplanted to plots with and without…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- Ontario
- Poa compressa
- Canada
- Aboveground Biomass
- competition
- old field
- plant growth
- population regulation
- Library Collection RecordIpomopsis aggregata exhibits substantial powers of regrowth following removal of its primary shoot by herbivores, but Bergelson and Crawley found no evidence of overcompensation in several studies: 1…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- regrowth
- Exclosure
- Ipomopsis aggregata
- overcompensation
- Rocky Mountains
- scarlet gilia
- simulated herbivory
- Library Collection RecordIn this Indiana greenhouse study, Benner found that total seed weight per Thlaspi arvense plant was higher for early-removal plants than late removal, under all nutrient treatments, but intact…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- seed production
- apex removal
- garlic weed
- mineral nutrient addition
- stinkweed
- Thlaspi arvense
- Library Collection RecordIn this article, Belsky states that if overcompensation in total productivity is ever found in natural communities, it will most probably be found in moderately grazed wetlands such as the ones…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- community
- ecosystem
- natural communities
- organism scales
- overcompensation
- Library Collection RecordBeever et al. modeled the impacts of cattle and burros grazing on soil and vegetation in the Mojave National Preserve among years and environmental gradients. Soil aggregate stability increased as…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- biological invasions
- hierarchical linear models
- information theoretic analysis
- Mojave Desert
- non-native plants
- Schismus barbatus
- soil-aggregate stability
- Library Collection RecordBaldwin states that because of the experimental advantages that they offer, mechanical simulations of grazing are more commonly used than true herbivory in ecological studies of the impact of…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- clipping
- mechanical herbivory simulations
- plant responses
- Library Collection RecordExpansion of a 6-year old prairie dog colony to a previously uncolonized site resulted in loss of perennial grasses and their replacement by annual forbs within 3 years. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa…Publication Date 1969
- Agropyron
- Bouteloua
- herbivory
- Stipa
- black-tailed prairie dogs
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- detrended correspondence analysis
- diversity
- ecotype
- Structure
- Library Collection RecordThis study, in Illinois, found that Trillium stem height was positively correlated with the percent of the herbaceous understory that is browsed, which indicates that change in stem height can be a…Publication Date 1969
- indicator species
- Odocoileus virginianus
- grazing
- herbivory
- Deer Management
- local extinction
- Trillium grandiflorum
- understory vegetation
- white-flowered trillium
- Library Collection RecordIn this review, Alverson et al. looked at exclosure and population studies that revealed past and current white-tailed deer densities, as low as 4 deer/km2, may prevent regeneration of the once…Publication Date 1969
- Odocoileus virginianus
- herbivory
- forage
- deer densities
- edge habitat
- habitat fragmentation
- timber cutting
- white-tailed deer
- Woody Species
- Library Collection RecordThis study described the effects of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) browsing on the reproductive efforts of Canada yew (Taxus canadensis marsh.), on four islands off the shores of…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- Odocoileus virginianus
- sexual reproduction
- Canada yew
- Taxus canadensis marsh.
- white-tailed deer
- woody plant
- Library Collection RecordPlants that overcompensate for herbivory are relatively healthier when damaged. In this mutualistic association, the herbivore benefits from the plant, and the plant benefits from the herbivore…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- mutualism
- overcompensation
- plant defense
- Library Collection RecordDepending on the scale of observation and on the factors that determine animal distribution, grazing patterns may be stronger or weaker than vegetation patterns, or may mirror the spatial structure…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- competition
- disturbance
- spatial dependence
- spatial heterogeneity
- Library Collection RecordCurrent disturbance models (predation hypothesis, intermediate-disturbance hypothesis, and the Huston hypothesis) do not adequately account for the wide range of responses by grassland plants…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- evolutionary history of grazing
- grassland community structure
- grazing model
- Huston hypothesis
- intermediate-disturbance hypothesis
- moisture
- predation hypothesis