Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordAn essential characteristic of savannas is the presence of two main plant functional types: grasses and trees. The tree “grass coexistence in savannas is expected to be stabilised either…Publication Date 2011
- Brownian motion
- cerrado
- functional groups
- Multivariate analysis of variance
- Rate-variable birth-death model
- Tree-grass coexistence
- plant functional traits
- savanna
- Ecosystem function
- Brazil
- South America
- Library Collection RecordThe savannah of central Brazil occupies 208 million ha, of which about 54 million ha have been converted to cultivated pasture. The aim of this study was to provide the dynamics of evapotranspiration…Publication Date 2011
- savanna
- pasture
- evapotranspiration
- rainfall
- plant production
- Brachiaria brizantha
- Cerrado biome
- eddy covariance
- decoupling factor
- Brazil
- South America
- Library Collection RecordThe conservation values of old-growth forests in landscapes subject to repeated disturbance by fire or logging have received considerable conservation attention. However, little is known of the…Publication Date 2011
- ant biodiversity
- Fire exclusion
- fire management
- old-growth forest
- Territory Wildlife Parkfire ecology
- conservation
- management
- fire ecology
- savanna
- invertebrates
- Ants
- Australia
- Library Collection RecordThis paper represents a collaboration by conservation practitioners, ecologists, and climate change scientists to provide specific guidance on local and regional adaptation strategies to climate…Publication Date 2011
- climate change
- savanna
- conservation ecology
- climate change
- management
- planning
- restoration ecology
- Pacific Northwest
- USA
- Library Collection RecordInvertebrate diversity is seldom included in conservation assessments, primarily because information is lacking. Broad surveys may be too costly, difficult or ineffective. Here we assess a '…Publication Date 2010
- conservation planning
- inventory
- quantified method
- species accumulation
- temporal effect
- invertebrates
- ecosystem ecology
- savanna
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSouthern African savannas are mixed plant communities where C3 trees co-exist with C4 grasses. Here foliar ?15N and ?13C were used as indicators of nitrogen uptake and of water use efficiency to…Publication Date 2010
- stable isotopes
- soil nitrogen
- soil carbon
- aridity
- C3 plants
- C4 plants
- savanna
- Soil Condition
- grasslands
- water use efficiency
- rainfall
- plant autecology
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores are regulated by predation under certain environmental conditions, whereas under others they are limited by forage abundance and nutritional quality. Whether top-down or bottom-up…Publication Date 2010
- savanna
- ecosystem dynamics
- ecology
- animal production
- population ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordHere we describe the fine root distribution of trees and grasses relative to soil nitrogen and water profiles. The primary objective is to improve our understanding of edaphic processes influencing…Publication Date 2010
- nitrogen
- root biomass
- savanna
- Trees and grasses
- water
- [delta]13C
- [delta]15N
- soils
- grasslands
- ecology
- ecosystem dynamics
- soil nutrition
- Kruger National Park
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordFour plant functional types (PFTs) were used to compare the vegetation structure of an alien-invaded Acacia nilotica savanna with one of negligible invasions. Heights, canopy covers and species…Publication Date 2010
- alien plants
- canopy cover
- composition
- physiognomy
- plant functional types
- plant height
- species richness
- savanna
- Alien invasive species
- vegetation dynamics
- KwaZulu-Natal
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordSavanna covers about two-thirds of Africa, with forage quantity and quality being important factors determining the distribution and density of wildlife and domestic stock. Testing hypotheses about…Publication Date 2010
- forage
- quality
- remote sensing
- hyperspectral
- herbivory
- Foliar
- nitrogen
- protein
- Polyphenol
- mopane
- savanna
- forage quality
- Forage Quantity
- livestock
- mapping
- management
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLand use and land transformation are major threats to biodiversity. Only a small percentage of land and thus biodiversity is protected within reserves. The majority of biodiversity lies in the hands…Publication Date 2010
- biodiversity
- South Africa
- Eastern Cape
- Agrobiodiversity
- Agricultural ecology
- veld
- landscape assessment
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- plant production
- grassland
- savanna
- socio-economic aspects
- communal farming
- grazing
- fire ecology
- soil erosion
- commercial agriculture
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordBiomass burning contributes significantly to the global concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols in the atmosphere (Fishman et al., 2003, Kaufman et al., 1998). The African continent is…Publication Date 2010
- Air
- pollution
- earth sciences
- remote sensing
- image processing
- fire ecology
- groundcover fires
- environmental aspects
- southern Africa
- Savanna ecology
- biomass
- greenhouse gases
- savanna
- carbon dioxide
- Methane
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract Burning is commonly used in savannas to stimulate grass regrowth for grazing ungulates. We recorded the relative use of burns occurring at different stages in the seasonal cycle, as well as…Publication Date 2010
- burned grassland
- faecal nitrogen
- faecal phosphorus
- fire management
- foraging behaviour
- Hippotragus niger
- fire ecology
- grasslands
- savanna
- forage quality
- diet selection
- grazing
- foraging ecology
- nutrition
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordPerennial grasses are a dominant component of many vegetation formations and provide important ecosystem services including supporting herbivores and preventing soil erosion. Despite their importance…Publication Date 2010
- demography
- Density-dependent mortality
- disturbance
- Intra-specific competition
- Tuft mortality
- survival
- Grass mortality
- savanna
- fire ecology
- ecosystem services
- Namibia
- Africa
- Library Collection Record1. The coexistence of leguminous trees and C4 grasses in many African savannas forces competition between these two distinct plant life-forms. The nature of tree - grass coexistence and the…Publication Date 2010
- vegetation dynamics
- soil nitrogen
- fertilizer
- C4 grasses
- African Acacia
- competition
- grass
- nitrogen fixation
- nodule
- Phosphate
- savanna
- Africa
- Library Collection Record1. Grazing lawns are short grassland areas where intense grazing maintains grass in an early growth stage. These areas represent a source of high-quality forage for herbivores. However, as herbivores…Publication Date 2010
- grazing
- grasslands
- management
- plant production
- savanna
- vegetation dynamics
- climatic variability
- continuous stocking
- grazing systems
- intensively managed grasslands
- large herbivores
- primary production
- rainfall
- white rhino
- South Africa
- Library Collection Record1. Through their effects on plant communities, herbivores can exert strong direct and indirect effects on savanna ecosystems and have the potential to create and maintain savanna landscape…Publication Date 2010
- grazing
- savanna
- herbivores
- ecosystem ecology
- vegetation dynamics
- cattle
- game
- cattle - wildlife interactions
- ecological legacies
- facilitation
- foraging behaviour
- landscape heterogeneity
- pastoralism
- plant - herbivore interactions
- rangeland
- succession
- Africa
- Library Collection Record1. We discuss a simple implicit-space model for the competition of trees and grasses in an idealized savanna environment. The model represents patch occupancy dynamics within the habitat and…Publication Date 2010
- modelling
- grasses
- ecosystem ecology
- vegetation dynamics
- demographic structure
- fire
- multiple stable states
- savanna
- stable and unstable species coexistence
- stochastic disturbance
- tree seedlings
- Library Collection RecordQuestions: Can prescribed fire restore C4 perennial grasses in grassland ecosystems that have become dominated by fire-resistant C3 shrubs (Prosopis glandulosa) and C3 grasses? Do fires in different…Publication Date 2010
- burning
- fire ecology
- Herbaceous composition
- mesquite
- prescribed fires
- savanna
- species diversity
- woody plant
- restoration ecology
- fire ecology
- management
- grasslands
- ecosystem ecology
- C4 grasses
- Texas
- USA
- Library Collection RecordAtmospheric CO2 has more than doubled since the last glacial maximum (LGM) and could double again within this century, largely due to anthropogenic activity. It has been suggested that low [CO2]…Publication Date 2010
- elevated CO2
- fire
- Last Glacial Maximum
- Root
- savanna
- starch
- carbon dioxide
- climate change
- grasslands
- fire ecology
- elevated CO2
- management
- plant autecology
- plant community ecology
- plant production
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe relative abundance and distribution of trees in savannas has important implications for ecosystem function. High spatial resolution satellite sensors, including QuickBird and IKONOS, have been…Publication Date 2010
- Tree cluster
- canopy cover
- SPOT 5
- QuickBird
- Object based image analysis
- NDVI threshold
- savanna
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordIt is well recognised that local ecological knowledge is an important facet of natural resource management in rural regions of the developing world. However, techniques to assess levels and to…Publication Date 2010
- experts
- local ecological knowledge
- savanna
- Scoring
- traditional knowledge
- management
- Indigenous knowledge
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordDifferent approaches for the assessment of biodiversity by means of remote sensing were developed over the last decades. A new approach, based on the spectral variation hypothesis, proposes that the…Publication Date 2010
- savanna
- Spectral variation hypothesis
- Shannon index
- species richness
- scale
- hyperspectral
- biodiversity
- remote sensing
- landscape ecology
- Namibia
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLike other African countries, Madagascar is concerned by vegetation cover degradation especially in savanna ecosystems. In this article, we describe an approach to quantify and localise savanna…Publication Date 2010
- MODIS
- Time series
- STL
- change
- trend
- savanna
- Phenological indicator
- degradation
- remote sensing
- NDVI values
- management
- fire
- Madagascar
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Kalahari Transect (KT) is an International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme mega-transect designed to examine hydrological and ecological patterns and processes throughout the savannas of southern…Publication Date 2010
- grass biomass
- Kalahari
- phosphorus
- precipitation
- savanna
- rainfall
- ecology
- hydrology
- plant production
- Soil Condition
- fertilizer
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis study investigates the extent to which seed production in Schinus molle is dependent upon pollinators and outcrossing with the objective of understanding whether pollination and seed set could…Publication Date 2010
- biological invasions
- Breeding system
- dioecy
- Peruvian pepper tree
- pollination
- savanna
- Alien invasive species
- seeds
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordBush encroachment is a significant phenomenon in savanna environments as it affects wildlife and local livelihoods by preventing new pasture generation. In this article we present a 2000-year record…Publication Date 2010
- Indigenous knowledge
- pollen
- hyrax
- savanna
- indigenous encroaching species
- ecology
- Ethiopia
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTheoretical models predict that the relative importance of facilitation and competition may vary inversely across gradients of abiotic stress. However, these predictions have not been thoroughly…Publication Date 2010
- abiotic stress
- competition
- facilitation
- Herbaceous Species
- Tree
- plant autecology
- biodiversity
- savanna
- rainfall
- modelling
- North Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract Objectives: To (1) assess the strength of evidence for the role of termites in vegetation heterogeneity in African savannas, and (2) identify the mechanisms by which termites induce such…Publication Date 2010
- Banded vegetation
- Bush encroachment
- desertification
- Fertility islands
- fire
- herbivory
- Spotted vegetation
- savanna
- Ants
- invertebrates
- Termites
- ecosystem ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSavannas are the most extensive biome in the tropics. These extremely dynamic coupled socio-ecological ecosystems are shaped by a long history of interaction with humans, fire, climate and wildlife,…Publication Date 2010
- savanna
- biodiversity
- management
- ecosystem ecology
- socio-economic aspects
- sustainability
- Library Collection RecordSeed ecology may play a role in the widespread increase of Acacia karroo in savanna and grassland. Accordingly, fecundity, predation, mortality by fire, dispersal by livestock, and seed longevity…Publication Date 2010
- dispersal
- fire
- seed bank
- seed lngevity
- seed predation
- seed production
- ecology
- savanna
- grassland
- livestock
- insects
- germination
- cattle
- sheep
- goats
- management
- Eastern Cape
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe impacts of fire and grazing management on grass nutritional quality in semi-arid savannas may depend on inherent variation in rainfall and soil nutrient status. We examined the effects of grazing…Publication Date 2010
- crude protein
- Grass nutritional quality
- phosphorus
- rainfall
- grazing
- fire ecology
- soil nutrients
- management
- savanna
- forage quality
- plant production
- Northern Cape
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of grazing on plant biomass, plant quality, species evenness, species diversity and species composition were determined among management types (communal, commercial and game) and among…Publication Date 2010
- grazing
- herbivory
- plant biomass
- plant quality
- rangeland management
- savanna
- species richness
- species diversity
- communal farming
- commercial agriculture
- game farming
- forage quality
- grazing
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe investigated the indirect influence of mammalian herbivores on invertebrates, by utilising long-term mammalian herbivore exclosures in Kruger National Park. The exclosures span three distinct…Publication Date 2010
- herbivores
- invertebrates
- Vegetation Change
- national parks
- ecosystem ecology
- Ants
- Beetles
- Elephants
- savanna
- spiders
- Kruger National Park
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordAfrican savannas are primarily used as pastures and are subject to changes in climate and management strategies. For sustainable management of these landscapes ecological knowledge on seasonal and…Publication Date 2010
- beta diversity
- Distance decay
- Precipitation gradient
- species richness
- Systematic sampling
- Tree islands
- biodiversity
- savanna
- pasture management
- climate
- management
- sustainability
- rainfall
- monitoring
- conservation
- Namibia
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordFires threaten human lives, property and natural resources in Southern African savannas. Due to warming climate, fire occurrence may increase and fires become more intense. It is crucial, therefore,…Publication Date 2009
- Burned area estimation
- Fire probability
- GLM
- Hierarchical partitioning
- logistic regression
- MODIS fire data
- spatial autocorrelation
- fire ecology
- savanna
- modelling
- climate change
- GIS
- East Caprivi
- Namibia
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSavannas are ecosystems characterized by the coexistence of woody species (trees and bushes) and grasses. Given that savanna characteristics are mainly formed from competition, herbivory, fire,…Publication Date 2009
- Spatially explicit
- soil moisture
- Cyclical transition
- Arid
- Mesic
- spatial autocorrelation
- shrub invasion
- Vegetation cycles
- Tree
- Bush
- grasslands
- savanna
- modelling
- vegetation dynamics
- animal impact
- fire ecology
- Soil Condition
- rainfall
- Library Collection RecordWe detail the impact of abandoned traditional settlements (or bomas) on plant and nutrient succession in the Amboseli ecosystem, southern Kenya, over the course of a century. Plant and soil data were…Publication Date 2009
- biomass
- Nutrient hotspots
- pastoralism
- patch dynamics
- species richness
- wildlife
- Abandoned lands
- soil fertility
- vegetation dynamics
- savanna
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordHuman land use such as pastoralism may be a key determinant of wildlife populations. We studied the influence of land use on wildlife and livestock in south-western Kalahari, Botswana, during the wet…Publication Date 2009
- Carnivore
- distance
- herbivore
- Mammal
- Ostrich
- savanna
- land use
- conservation
- national parks
- livestock
- pastoralism
- cattle
- species richness
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNo abstract availablePublication Date 2009
- Soil Condition
- savanna
- ecosystem ecology
- Kruger National Park
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordNo abstract availablePublication Date 2009
- savanna
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNo abstract availablePublication Date 2009
- carbon sequestration
- savanna
- ecology
- KwaZulu-Natal
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract Aim Evidence is accumulating of a general increase in woody cover of many savanna regions of the world. Little is known about the consequences of this widespread and fundamental ecosystem…Publication Date 2009
- Biome shift
- Bush encroachment
- global change
- Land cover change
- landscape heterogeneity
- savanna
- biodiversity
- birds
- ecosystem ecology
- species richness
- vegetation dynamics
- South Africa
- Library Collection RecordLittle is known about the grass species type, composition and nutritive value in the semiarid savannas that sustain most of Swaziland's cattle population through the seven-month-long dry season…Publication Date 2009
- cumulative gas production
- organic matter degradability
- ruminant livestock
- tropical grass species
- nutrition
- cattle
- grasslands
- savanna
- grazing
- soils
- forage quality
- Swaziland
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLeaf wax components of terrestrial plants are an important source of biomass in the geological records of soils, lakes and marine sediments. Relevant to the emerging use of plant wax derived…Publication Date 2009
- plant autecology
- biomass
- savanna
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordKnowledge of the southern Africa soil carbon pool, its heterogeneity, sources (from trees or grasses), and potential response to climate is extremely limited. In this study the Kalahari Transect (KT…Publication Date 2009
- geostatistics
- Kalahari
- savannas
- Soil [delta]13C
- soil organic carbon
- Stable isotope
- climate change
- savanna
- rainfall
- carbon sequestration
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn African savannahs, large trees improve grass quality, particularly in dry and nutrient poor areas. Enhanced below-canopy grass nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus contents should therefore…Publication Date 2009
- canopy
- feeding preferences
- Fibre
- Grass quality
- Grazer
- herbivores
- linear programming
- nitrogen
- nutrients
- phosphorus
- savanna
- forage quality
- grazing
- animal nutrition
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis study looks at the impact of subdivision and sedentarization of pastoral lands on wildlife numbers and production in a savanna ecosystem of southern Kenya. The study uses aerial counts over a…Publication Date 2009
- land fragmentation
- rangelands
- Maasai
- settlement
- conservation
- land reform
- land use
- savanna
- ecosystem dynamics
- ecosystem ecology
- wildlife
- management
- grazing
- grasslands
- socio-economic aspects
- Kenya
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA simulation model was used to determine the ecological and economic consequences of managing stocking rate on semi-arid savanna rangeland continuously stocked with livestock to achieve the alternate…Publication Date 2009
- continuous grazing
- ranching systems
- range condition
- semi-arid
- stocking rates
- sustainability
- Economic Aspects
- grazing
- savanna
- rangeland condition
- management
- rainfall
- indigenous encroaching species
- animal production
- modelling
- plant production
- Library Collection RecordMany mechanisms have been suggested to explain the coexistence of woody species and grasses in savannas. However, evidence from field studies and simulation models has been mixed. Patch dynamics is a…Publication Date 2009
- Cyclical succession
- Spatiotemporal scales
- competition
- simulation models
- shrub encroachment
- Mosaic cycles
- Woody Species
- shrubs
- grasses
- savanna
- grasslands
- vegetation dynamics
- ecology
- modelling
- rainfall