Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThis is a summary of 171 papers on livestock grazing in the West.Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- alteration of ecosystem structure
- ecosystem functioning
- livestock grazing
- riparian habitats
- species composition
- Western United States
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation, compaction, nutrient return, and season of use were examined on three study areas (Willow Creek, approximately 16 km north-northwest of Brogan, Oregon, Valley Creek…Publication Date 1969
- Agrostis stolonifera
- Meadow Foxtail
- Alopecurus pratensis
- defoliation
- Carex spp.
- compaction
- nutrient return
- redtop
- Sedge
- Library Collection RecordThis article is a survey and summary of 113 articles on the major effects of livestock grazing on riparian and stream ecosystems of the arid West.Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- riparian vegetation
- arid West
- cattle grazing impacts
- riparian ecosystems
- riparian exclosures
- riparian soils
- stream channel morphology
- stream water quality
- Library Collection RecordThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that late growing-season fire causes a short-term increase in frequency and species richness of subdominant and rare species in a warm-season…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- dominance
- ecological restoration
- fire season
- prescribed fire
- species richness
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordA short term greenhouse study examined the effects of species competition and clipping on carbon allocation in leafy spurge plants grown with Idaho fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and alfalfa plants.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Leafy spurge
- plant competition
- Medicago sativa
- carbon allocation
- Festuca idahoensis
- grazing tolerance
- noxious range weed
- Poa pratensis L.
- Library Collection RecordFour different management systems were examined in this southwestern Wisconsin study: grass buffer strips, woody buffer strips, rotational grazing and continuous grazing. Among the treatments, woody…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- Wisconsin
- continuous grazing
- rotational grazing
- grassy buffer strips
- Phalaris arundinacea L.
- reed canarygrass
- woody buffer strips
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation on biomass distribution were studied in plants of Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, and Trifolium repens, collected from three different-aged pastures in British Columbia.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Holcus lanatus
- Lolium perenne
- Trifolium repens
- grass-grazer relationship
- pasture age
- Library Collection RecordWraith et al. compared soil moisture and plant water status on grazed and ungrazed portions of a 10-paddock, short duration grazing system, on established crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)…Publication Date 1969
- soil moisture
- water balance
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)
- leaf water potentials
- spring grazing
- Library Collection RecordThis study in the Southern Great Plains looked at grazing duration effects on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and grain yield. Growth and grain yield responses to grazing duration were…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- tillering
- forage
- leaf area index
- biomass
- winter wheat
- Triticum aestivum
- ground cover
- heading date
- Library Collection RecordWhite et al. measured the vegetative responses of a New Mexico blue grama rangeland to heavily stocked, short-duration grazing and moderately stocked, continuous grazing. In general, total produced…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- defoliation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- stocking rate
- blue grama
- grazing system
- Library Collection RecordIn this Maryland study to simulate deer browsing, Whigham quantified the temporal effects of annual experimental defoliation on the growth rate of leaves and belowground corms, on senescence of corms…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- reproduction
- Orchidaceae
- defoliation
- biomass allocation
- Tipularia discolor
- woodland herb
- woodland orchid
- Library Collection RecordThe concentration of phenols, procyanidins, and protein in pine foliage was determined at two and eight weeks following mechanical defoliation of 0, 25, 50, and 75% in this greenhouse study. The…Publication Date 1969
- Pinus ponderosa
- Procyanidins
- defoliation
- Phenol
- ponderosa pine
- protein
- resistance
- Library Collection RecordNormalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of experimental plots that were exposed to different intensities (5, 10, or 20 cm stubble height) and frequencies (0, 1, 3, or 6 times during the growing…Publication Date 1969
- prescribed burning
- grazing intensity
- defoliation
- grazing frequency
- normalized difference vegetation index
- remote sensing measurements
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordSvejcar and Christiansen measured root mass, root length, and leaf area index on Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa caucasica) pastures that were lightly or heavily grazed by cattle. Plants in heavily…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing intensity
- Bothriochloa caucasica
- Caucasian Bluestem
- grazing tolerance
- root length density
- root:shoot ratio
- Library Collection RecordDuring a study in Florida, in the first year of defoliation, dry matter (DM) harvested for 'Mott' elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 'S-Mott' varied little from that of the…Publication Date 1969
- Pennisetum glaucum
- elephant grass
- Pennisetum purpureum
- defoliation
- crude protein
- agronomic performance
- in vitro digestible organic matter
- pearl millet
- Pennisetum hybrids
- Library Collection RecordRomo et al. examined the effects of cattle grazing and simulated grazing, at different times in the growing season on winterfat (Ceratoides lanata) growth and production to determine the appropriate…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- productivity
- Ceratoides lanata
- standing crop
- Winterfat
- Library Collection RecordPolley and Detling examined the effects of defoliation on growth and nitrogen nutrition in populations of Agropyron smithii (western wheatgrass) collected from a heavily grazed black-tailed prairie…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grasslands
- biomass production
- nitrogen accumulation
- prairie dog colonies
- Library Collection RecordIndian ricegrass (Oryzopsis hymenoides) plants were clipped at anthesis in a field study that compared the seed production, weight, and germination of plants that were exposed to heavy grazing or…Publication Date 1969
- protection
- defoliation
- germination
- viability
- ecotypic variation
- Indian Ricegrass
- Oryzopsis hymenoides
- Library Collection RecordA simulation model was created and verified using data from field experiments, to determine the compensatory growth of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) after grazing, at different times…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- defoliation
- production model
- ramet population model
- ramets
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores are generally thought to enhance plant diversity by their direct consumption of competitively dominant plant species and indirect effects on plants competition. Consequently, management…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- biodiversity
- grasslands
- extinction dynamics
- habitat scales
- local plant colonization
- spatial scales
- temporal scales
- Library Collection RecordMiller and Rose measured the effects of simulated autumn herbivory on crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) tiller mortality and plant growth. Tiller recruitment was lower in the autumn…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- roots
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Allocation
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordUngrazed, lightly grazed, and heavily grazed intensity treatments for 50 years, in short-grass steppe of Colorado, were assessed in terms of forage nitrogen concentrations, nitrogen yields, and in…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- precipitation
- nitrogen
- grazing history
- Grazing Intensities
- nutritional quality
- Library Collection RecordIn southern British Columbia, McLean and Wikeem conducted clipping trials at two upper grassland sites for rough fescue, two lower grassland sites for crested wheatgrass, and one site each in the…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass
- British Columbia
- grazing
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- growth cycle
- rough fescue
- Library Collection RecordPlants of two species of Sesbania were defoliated in patterns designed to reveal the level of integrated response. For field grown plants, defoliation caused fruit abortion on the defoliated…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- yield components
- integrated physiological unit
- metamer
- modular growth
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to examine flexibility in allocation to storage and reproduction with respect to loss of leaf area in Trillium grandiflorum, a perennial herb of temperate deciduous…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- resource allocation
- deciduous forest
- reproductive biology
- spring ephemeral
- total nonstructural carbohydrates
- Trillium grandiflorum
- Library Collection RecordKreuper et al, found that the removal of cattle from the San Pedro River NCA had a positive effect on the herbaceous vegetation in the riparian and mesquite areas. They found that cattle removal had…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- herbaceous vegetation
- livestock grazing
- overstocking
- Library Collection RecordIn New Mexico, Kerley et al. studied the effects of cattle browsing on the flowers of the soaptree (Yucca elata), and measured inflorescence consumption and population structure in six populations…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- cattle
- biodiversity
- nutritional value of inflorescences
- soaptree
- Yucca elata
- Library Collection RecordJaramillo and Detling raised samples of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) from heavily grazed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies and lightly grazed uncolonized sites in Wind Cave National Park…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- defoliation
- blue grama
- clipping
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- grass
- grassland
- grazing history
- nitrogen accumulation
- nutrient accumulation
- prairie dogs
- Library Collection RecordThe authors tested the effects of clipping and root herbivory, both separately and combined, on the growth and leaf gas exchange of sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula). Nematodes (…Publication Date 1969
- Sideoats grama
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- defoliation
- fine roots
- net photosynthesis
- root-feeding nematodes
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores influence growth, recruitment, and mortality rates of plants and may do so in ways correlated with plant density, frequency, or other neighborhood traits, or with competitive abilities.…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- vegetation
- competition
- disturbance
- frequency-dependence
- Library Collection RecordA 6-year study was conducted in tallgrass prairie to assess the effects of grazing management on plant community composition and diversity. Native plant species diversity, species richness, and…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- plant ecology
- range management
- grazing systems
- cattle grazing
- Flint Hills
- stocking rates
- Library Collection RecordHendon and Briske investigated the response of Texas cupgrass (Eriochloa sericea), a warm season perennial bunchgrass, to clipping of 75% of canopy volume prior-, during, and post- culm elongation,…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- defoliation
- mortality
- Eriochloa sericea
- herbivory-sensitivity
- perennial bunchgrass
- Texas cupgrass
- tiller demography
- Library Collection RecordHartnett et al. studied the effects of bison grazing in Kansas tallgrass prairie on plant species composition and diversity components in sites of contrasting fire frequency. Cover and frequency of…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- plant communities
- species diversity
- grazing
- tallgrass prairie
- Library Collection RecordHaferkamp et al. measured the effects of clipping in May or June on western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) growth and tiller dynamics in plots with and without competition from annual brome (Bromus…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Bromus japonicus
- competition
- forage production
- Japanese brome
- Pascopyrum smithii
- simulated grazing
- western wheatgrass
- Library Collection RecordFrom this two-year study in Utah, Gold and Caldwell quantified the effects of different spatial patterns of defoliation on regrowth rates, peak standing biomass, and aboveground biomass production of…Publication Date 1969
- Agropyron desertorum
- defoliation
- regrowth
- clipping
- spatial pattern
- tussock grass
- Library Collection RecordRanching is the dominant land use in much of the American West. Although a copious literature has examined the effects of various grazing practices on native ecosystems, Freilich et al. present that…Publication Date 1969
- biodiversity
- grazing
- ranching
- range management
- Library Collection RecordThe diversity of responses of individual grasses to defoliation created a controversy years ago, which still needs clarification. Ferraro and Oesterheld quantitatively assessed the evidence of…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- biomass
- ecosystem primary production
- individual grass growth
- Linear Regressions
- meta-analysis
- nitrogen availability
- recovery time
- relative growth rate
- Library Collection RecordIn this review, Edwards looks at the populations of diverse native grass species, that are found in cattle pastures throughout central California, and how many of these areas have been overgrazed,…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- California
- livestock
- browsing
- biodiversity
- competition
- exotic herbaceous species
- native grasses
- paleontological studies
- wildflowers
- Library Collection RecordAuthors used an experimental design to investigate seasonal changes in the live and dead phytomass components of a Bromus inermis-Poa pratensis community, and the effects of initial timing, height,…Publication Date 1969
- Bromus inermis
- Poa pratensis
- defoliation
- aspen boreal habitats
- Bluegrass
- herbage production
- smooth bromegrass
- Library Collection RecordIn Florida, Diz et al. evaluated the effects of three defoliation treatments on the height of the panicles produced, days to flowering, seed yield components, seed yield per plant, seed germination,…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Pennisetum glaucum
- Pennisetum purpureum
- Panicles
- elephantgrass
- hybrid genotypes
- pearl millet
- plant biomass
- seed yield
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Day and Detling evaluated the influence of natural and simulated urine deposition by a native herbivore, American bison (Bison bison), on plant biomass, species composition, and N…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- defoliation
- nitrogen
- Poa pratensis
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- urine
- Bison bison
- Grazing Preference
- photosynthetic pathways
- Root
- Shoot
- Library Collection RecordBusso et al. measured the effects of simulated grazing on total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) storage and regrowth of bluebunch (Pseudoroegneria spicata) and crested wheatgrass (Agropyron…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Pseudoroegneria spicata
- water stress
- defoliation
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordAfter defoliation, Busso et al. determined axillary bud number, bud respiratory activity, and photosynthetic canopy re-establishment, for two bunchgrass species, Agropyron spicatum and Agropyron…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Agropyron spicatum
- drought
- defoliation
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- bud viability
- Evan's Blue
- re-growth
- tetrazolium
- Library Collection RecordBriske and Anderson measured the effects of defoliation on tiller characteristics and plant production in Schizachyrium scoparium gardens planted at different levels of tiller dispersion, but equal…Publication Date 1969
- plant density
- defoliation
- population structure
- plant production
- plant height
- tiller density
- Library Collection RecordThis 3-year experiment in West Virginia was designed to determine the effects of repeated defoliation, based on canopy height, on the seasonal distribution of herbage mass and growth rates of cool-…Publication Date 1969
- productivity
- Dactylis glomerata
- defoliation
- Bromus willdenowii
- cool-season grasses
- Festuca arundinacea x Lolium perenne
- Growth Rates
- orchardgrass
- prairie grass
- tall fescue x perennial ryegrass hybrid
- Library Collection RecordArredondo and Johnson studied the effects of simulated grazing at different intensities (0, 50, and 70% utilization) and frequencies (single or repeated defoliation) on root architecture and…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Pseudoroegneria spicata
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Bromus tectorum
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- cheatgrass
- link length
- root topology