Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordLivelihood security in Eastern and Southern Africa is strongly dependent on rainfall distribution and land management practices among smallholder farmers. Over 95 % of the land used for food…Publication Date 2000
- rainfall
- land use
- management
- subsistence agriculture
- hydrology
- runoff
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMajor problems are experienced in South Africa due to the invasion of non-indigenous or alien species of terrestrial plants in several catchments. Alien invaders are estimated to use approximately 6,…Publication Date 2000
- Alien invasive species
- hydrology
- drought
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper provides an analysis of the ecological ideas which underpin policies of elephant management and ivory trading in African elephant range states. Increasingly, the discussion surrounding the…Publication Date 2003
- Elephants
- culling
- Ivory
- CITES
- savanna
- non-equilibrium
- animal production
- ecology
- economics
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Western Cape Province of South Africa has a long history of human occupation and utilisation; the impact of colonial settlement (late 17th century onwards) on agriculture has been especially…Publication Date 2003
- soil erosion
- soil conservation
- Land use policy
- Environmental history
- South Africa
- conservation
- land use
- agriculture
- degradation
- Africa
- Library Collection Record`Vegetation thickening' often refers to an increasing shrub and tree density on many grazed rangelands, woodlands and forests that may or may not have supported such woody plant populations in…Publication Date 2001
- carbon stocks
- emissions
- land use change
- sequestration
- savanna
- Bush encroachment
- climate change
- Kyoto Protocol
- restoration ecology
- carbon dioxide
- carbon sequestration
- Carbon Sink
- management
- greenhouse gases
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordConcern for the potential global change consequences of increasing atmospheric CO2 has prompted interest in the development of mechanisms to reduce or stabilize atmospheric CO2. During the next…Publication Date 2004
- carbon sequestration
- Degraded lands
- Fossil-fuel by-products
- soil organic matter
- land restoration
- carbon dioxide
- restoration ecology
- mine rehabilitation
- degradation
- management
- pollution
- soil fertility
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe main conclusions of the research project on soil erosion and sedimentation in Swaziland are as follows. (1) Soil erosion has worsened over the last 20 years. The proportion of an 1800 km2 study…Publication Date 1997
- soil erosion
- Saprolite
- Socio-economics
- Erosion survey
- land tenure
- Swaziland
- soils
- erosion
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA number of methodological approaches to understanding and quantifying the potential impacts of changes in macroeconomic and sectoral policies on the natural resource environment have been developed…Publication Date 2000
- Farming practices
- Economic policy
- Environmental indicators
- South Africa
- policies
- Economic Aspects
- decision support systems
- agriculture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDuring the last decade a [']new rangeland science 039; has emerged. One of the tenets of the new science is that pastoralists should not adhere to a single conservative stocking rate, but rather…Publication Date 2000
- Capital costs
- cattle
- carrying capacity
- Environmental costs
- modelling
- rangeland
- southern Africa
- stocking rate
- socio-economic aspects
- economics
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMiombo woodlands are crucial to the livelihoods of rural people throughout southern, eastern and central Africa. This paper describes a dynamic simulation model of key ecological processes in miombo…Publication Date 2000
- management
- economics
- ecosytem ecology
- grazing
- fire
- grasslands
- carbon sequestration
- hydrology
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordComputer-based methods of integrated modelling and assessment provide an important means for reviewing policy choices in natural resource management (NRM). Research in support of NRM needs to address…Publication Date 2004
- Integrated modelling and assessment
- Systems framework
- natural resource management
- Participatory research
- modelling
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordCriteria and indicators (C&I) have become primary tools in implementing the principle of sustainable resource management. To carry out this principle, it is necessary to develop methodologies…Publication Date 2003
- sustainability
- Multi-criteria analysis
- Criteria and indicators
- Cognitive mapping
- management
- decision support systems
- mapping
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMosaics of natural forest and grassland tracts in sub-Saharan Africa provide differences in woody species biodiversity. These mosaics are of considerable interest as they are a major biodiversity…Publication Date 2002
- biodiversity
- Shannon index
- tropical forest
- grassland
- burning
- spatial variability
- Uganda
- grasslands
- fire ecology
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordInvasive alien plants are consumptive water-users, and may have reduced river flows in South Africa by about 6.7% according to a broad-scale study. An effective programme to bring the invasions under…Publication Date 2002
- Invasions
- Resource Economics
- forestry
- Commercial plantations
- Catchment management
- Alien invasive species
- Economic Aspects
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn southern African countries soil erosion and the related problems, such as water quality issues or decreasing soil productivity, are the main topics affecting the inhabitants of both rural and…Publication Date 2003
- gully erosion
- Erosion modelling
- Erosion Response Units
- Swaziland
- South Africa
- modelling
- soil erosion
- agriculture
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWays of [`]tracking' environmental fluctuations could be of value in limiting drought-induced mortality and increasing output. We examined a range of tracking policies, designed to tackle…Publication Date 1998
- management
- drought
- rainfall
- animal production
- Economic Aspects
- stocking rates
- subsistence agriculture
- pastoralism
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe meteorological and agricultural assessment techniques that have been developed in South Africa are discussed, with reference to their strengths and weaknesses, application and suggested future…Publication Date 1998
- drought
- agriculture
- modelling
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA near real-time crop-specific drought monitoring system that combines crop modelling and a geographical information system (GIS) has been developed in South Africa. The system is intended to provide…Publication Date 1997
- agriculture
- drought
- modelling
- GIS
- decision support systems
- monitoring
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordQuestions as to whether public investment in international agricultural research is a [`]Good Thing' or not may best be addressed using two arguments: (1) justifications based on whether or not…Publication Date 2003
- livestock
- System
- classification
- mapping
- animal production
- economics
- agriculture
- subsistence agriculture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe constructed a simple simulation model (SESS) of the dynamics of forage growth and standing crop and cattle production to evaluate the ecological sustainability of management alternatives for…Publication Date 2003
- models
- simulation
- Grazinglands
- rangelands
- Semi-arid zones
- ANP
- sustainability
- range condition
- grazing
- Cattle reproduction
- forage quality
- cattle
- management
- plant production
- animal production
- soils
- rainfall
- rangeland condition
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe development of cropping systems simulation capabilities world-wide combined with easy access to powerful computing has resulted in a plethora of agricultural models and consequently, model…Publication Date 2001
- systems approach
- modelling
- Farmer interactions
- climate
- management
- agriculture
- policies
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper explores the long-standing interest in the introduction of fodder legumes as an essential component of mixed farming systems in Africa. The central argument is that because of certain…Publication Date 2002
- fodder legumes
- research
- uptake
- Africa
- mucuna
- mixed farming
- Crop-livestock interactions
- fodder quality
- agriculture
- livestock
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWhile community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) now attracts widespread international attention, its practical implementation frequently falls short of expectations. This paper contributes…Publication Date 1999
- socio-economic aspects
- community-based natural resource management
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTo account for the failure of state-driven development projects, policy makers and planners have tended to blame communal farmers for adhering to outmoded traditional values and practices.…Publication Date 1998
- culture
- politics
- land
- development
- tradition
- modernity
- hybridity
- socio-economic aspects
- land use
- management
- Sustainable development
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper draws on recent empirical studies of changing land and water use in semi-arid Africa to identify socioeconomic and political dynamics and discusses their implications for current policy…Publication Date 2003
- Decentralization
- land tenure
- Mali
- Kenya
- Botswana
- South Africa
- land reform
- land use
- socio-economic aspects
- politics
- policies
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordInteractions between fire regime, dispersal strategies and patch structure were examined as key issues for the management of floristic composition of grasslands, through a model that simulates the…Publication Date 2001
- grasslands
- fire management
- fire frequency
- Dispersal strategies
- colonization
- simulation model
- grassland
- fire ecology
- management
- vegetation dynamics
- biodiversity
- modelling
- seeds
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper describes an adaptive agent model of rangelands based on concepts of complex adaptive systems. The behavioural and biological processes of pastoralists, regulators, livestock, grass and…Publication Date 2000
- Complex adaptive systems
- ecosystem management
- rangelands
- Adaptive agents
- modelling
- socio-economic aspects
- policies
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordFocusing on the issue of veldt degradation and grazing pressure on rangelands, a simplified model was constructed for a sustainable stocking rate (SR) evaluation of the complex system of semi-arid…Publication Date 1999
- stocking rates
- mixed grazing
- modelling
- Arid and sub-humid regions
- grazing
- degradation
- management
- decision support systems
- biodiversity
- traditional knowledge
- ecosystem ecology
- conservation
- foraging ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper describes a general economic analysis package, BURNECON, for evaluating the benefits and costs of using management burns to improve grazing potential in the semi-arid woodlands of eastern…Publication Date 1991
- management burns
- prescribed fire
- land management
- microcomputer
- decision support systems
- BURNECON
- Australia
- fire ecology
- management
- grazing
- indigenous encroaching species
- Economic Aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper examines variation in local perceptions of risk in semi-arid Tanzania, identifying factors that influence local perceptions of problems and testing the feasibility of risk mapping as a…Publication Date 2003
- Africa
- agriculture
- Gender
- pastoralism
- Sustainable development
- water
- socio-economic aspects
- household income studies
- mapping
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper provides a theoretical analysis of the effects of temporal controls on the stochastic behavior of renewable natural resources such as fisheries and rangelands. First, we show that temporal…Publication Date 2002
- management
- Renewable resource
- Temporal control
- uncertainty
- rangelands
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe evaluated the effects of livestock grazing on C content of the plant-soil system (to 60 cm) of two semi-arid grasslands: a mixed-grass prairie (grazed 12 years), and a short-grass steppe (grazed…Publication Date 2002
- carbon
- C storage
- grasslands
- grazing
- Great Plains
- soil organic carbon
- stocking rates
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe USA has about 336 Mha of grazing lands of which rangelands account for 48%. Changes in rangeland soil C can occur in response to a wide range of management and environmental factors. Grazing,…Publication Date 2002
- C sequestration
- rangelands
- grazing
- management
- organic carbon
- soil organic carbon
- fire
- fertilizer
- grasslands
- erosion
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMost soils in the Midwestern USA have lost 30 to 50% of their original pool, or 25 to 40 Mg C/ha, upon conversion from natural to agricultural ecosystems. About 60 to 70% of the C thus depleted can…Publication Date 2002
- soil carbon sequestration
- Hidden carbon costs
- agricultural soils
- grazing lands
- greenhouse effect
- management
- carbon dynamics
- carbon sequestration
- agriculture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper examines the interest in the development and promotion of mixed farming in sub-Saharan Africa. For over 70 years mixed farming has been a dominant model for agricultural development…Publication Date 1998
- mixed farming
- Sub-Saharan Africa
- crop-livestock interaction
- nutrient cycling
- integrated farming
- agriculture
- socio-economic aspects
- Sustainable development
- livestock
- subsistence agriculture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordJohn Acocks' ideas on the recent and future changes of vegetation in South Africa occupy an important conceptual position in the first and subsequent editions of Veld Types of South Africa.…Publication Date 2003
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- grasslands
- management
- agriculture
- degradation
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe role of herbivores in controlling plant species richness is a critical issue in the conservation and management of grassland biodiversity. Numerous field experiments in grassland plant…Publication Date 1998
- herbivores
- grassland
- diversity
- species richness
- environmental gradients
- grasslands
- biodiversity
- conservation
- management
- livestock
- soil fertility
- rainfall
- ecosystem ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA vegetation survey of road verges along an urban to rural gradient in the Potchefstroom Municipal Area was conducted. Important applications of these studies include understanding of the role of…Publication Date 2000
- Braun-Blanquet approach
- Dispersal corridors
- roadside vegetation
- vegetation analysis
- ecosystem ecology
- management
- biodiversity
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEntire sub-Saharan Africa and pockets of Asian population is at risk of starvation. The problems and possibilities are however quite different amongst the two regions. Africa with its less than 8% of…Publication Date 2000
- agriculture
- climate
- food security
- Early warning
- Needs
- opportunities
- socio-economic aspects
- subsistence agriculture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPolycultural agroecosystems, such as rangelands, are too complex and poorly understood to permit precise numerical simulation. Management decisions that depend on behavioral predictions of such…Publication Date 1996
- Case-based reasoning (CARMA)
- Model-based reasoning
- prediction
- ecosystem
- Reasoning paradigms
- pest management
- rangelands
- ecosystem ecology
- modelling
- ecosystem dynamics
- management
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Tool for Exploratory Landscape Scenario Analyses (TELSA) is a spatially explicit model of vegetation succession, natural disturbances, and forest management activities. TELSA is a strategic…Publication Date 2000
- Landscape modeling
- Natural disturbances
- Vegetation succession
- Forest dynamics
- adaptive management
- modelling
- vegetation dynamics
- fire
- management
- grasslands
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSeveral of the problems associated with grazing animals in extensive settings are related to their uneven patterns of use across the landscape. After fencing, water and salt are two of the most…Publication Date 2001
- Global positioning system
- Activities
- grazing time
- Resting time
- livestock management
- rangelands
- cattle
- grazing
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe species composition of grazing lands can be influenced by livestock and grazing pressure. A study on manure seed bank was conducted in Ghinchi highland Research Site in Ethiopia between 1995 and…Publication Date 2000
- manure
- species
- Life-form
- livestock
- seed banks
- biodiversity
- grazing
- species richness
- grasslands
- germination
- soil fertility
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper reviews the application of the nutrient budget and balance approach from a range of settings and scales in Africa. The paper asks: can such analyses help in the design of effective policy…Publication Date 1998
- soil fertility
- Nutrient budgets
- scale
- sustainability
- policy
- Africa
- policies
- management
- communal farming
- subsistence agriculture
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper presents an overview of the current status, problems and prospects for achieving a better nutrient balance to support varying levels of productivity from the three major livestock systems…Publication Date 1998
- livestock systems
- nutrient management
- Nutrient depletion
- Sub-Saharan Africa
- grazing
- monitoring
- management
- forage quality
- Economic Aspects
- land use
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA three-year study was done to determine herbaceous biomass production and its utilization by herbivores in an arid zone inhabited by a largely nomadic population in northern Kenya. The indicator…Publication Date 1998
- grasses
- forbs
- Dwarf Shrubs
- Offtake
- herbivores
- desertification
- nomads
- plant production
- rangelands
- pastoralism
- grazing
- degradation
- decision support systems
- management
- foraging ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEnvironmental weeds are an escalating problem worldwide. Integrated control is unable to keep up with the demands for management strategies for existing and new, potentially invasive plant species.…Publication Date 1998
- Environmental weeds
- management
- Priority areas
- surveys
- integrated control
- rehabilitation
- Weeds
- Alien invasive species
- ecosystem ecology
- conservation
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLittle is known regarding the effects of land use on soil organic matter status and earthworm communities in South African soils. For that reason the effects of the main agricultural land uses in the…Publication Date 2003
- earthworms
- Soil organic C
- microbial biomass
- pastures
- Arable crops
- forests
- Oxisols
- South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal
- Soil Condition
- soil fertility
- invertebrates
- agriculture
- management
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTransformation of natural vegetation to other land-uses, such as crop cultivation and urban development, presents the most important threat to biodiversity. Plant and animal species distribution data…Publication Date 2003
- Land transformation
- Biodiversity risk
- arable land
- conservation
- species richness
- biodiversity
- land reform
- land use
- policies
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe scale "jump" in hydrology and agriculture from the small scale at which individual processes such as infiltration, soil water redistribution, evapotranspiration, soil loss or crop…Publication Date 2000
- scale
- scaling
- hydrology
- agriculture
- soil moisture
- climate change
- Economic Aspects
- Africa
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