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Winter-fallowing, planting grass into a clean seedbed, and controlling weeds during the seedling year, has been a particularly successful range-improvement practice in north-central Colorado. During the 3-year period (1964-1966), season-long hand weeding and spraying with 2,4-D when weeds were 6 to 12 inches high produced good stands in a year of average precipitation. However, neither spraying at later dates nor mowing the weeds at any date reduced competition from weeds sufficiently to produce a satisfactory grass stand. In a wet year, weed control in the seedling stand was not beneficial. In a year of extreme drouth, satisfactory stands were not obtained with any level of weed control. It was concluded that a technique of planting into a clean seedbed and spraying to control broadleaf weeds during the seedling year of the grasses offers the best chance for a successful seeding if wind erosion does not become a serious problem. This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. The Journal of Range Management archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact lbry-journals@email.arizona.edu for further information. Migrated from OJS platform August 2020