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Genotypic and phenotypic variations are characteristic among big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) plants. One obvious expression is the variability of big sagebrush plant stature along soil-water gradients. Large plants are usually associated with mesic habitats such as drainages or swales, while small plants occupy the xeric portions of the gradients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic influence on big sagebrush plant stature along soil-water gradients. Leaf morphological, phenological, chromatographical, and cytological investigations evaluated potential genetic differences and examined possible subspecies status of the large and small plants. The results of these studies revealed a genetic difference between the large and small plants and confirmed subspecies status. The large plants were identified as basin big sagebrush (A. tridentata spp. tridentata) while the small plants were Wyoming big sagebrush (A. tridentata spp. wyomingensis). Three additional studies examined possible differences in growth potential between the subspecies. A greenhouse and uniform garden study compared seedling and juvenile plant growth. Annual leader growth of mature plants was measured in native populations. Basin big sagebrush plants outgrew Wyoming big sagebrush in the greenhouse, uniform garden, and leader growth experiments. Difference in growth potential between the subspecies may be a consequence of ploidy differences. This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. The Journal of Range Management archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact lbry-journals@email.arizona.edu for further information. Migrated from OJS platform August 2020