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Late season toxic alkaloid concentrations in tall larkspur (Delphinium spp.)
Author
Gardner, D. R.
Pfister, J. A.
Publisher
Society for Range Management
Publication Year
2000-05-01
Body

Tall larkspurs [Delphinium barbeyi (L. Huth), D. occidentale (Wats.), D. glaucescens (Rydb.), D. glaucum (Wats.)] pose a serious poisoning threat to cattle on many summer ranges. Livestock producers often defer grazing until larkspur is mature, but specific information is lacking on toxic alkaloid concentrations in larkspur from pod stage to senescence. Tall larkspur leaves and seed pods were collected about every 2 weeks during the pod stage to senescence from marked plants in locations in Utah (Logan and Salina), Idaho (Ashton, Humphrey, and Oakley), Colorado (Yampa and Montrose), and California (Carson Pass) from 1995 to 1997. Toxic alkaloid concentions in pods (average= 2.9mg/g) exceeded leaf alkaloid concentrations (average= 1.5 mg/g in all species, but the magnitude of the difference varied among the 4 species. Leaves showed a more rapid decrease in toxic alkaloid concentration with plant maturity compared to pods. Seed pods did not begin to lose substantial amounts of toxic alkaloid until larkspur matured and pods began to dessicate. At seed shatter, D. glaucescens pods retained more toxic alkaloid than the other species, and alkaloid concentration was sufficiently high after pods had shattered (3.5 mg/g) to pose a moderate grazing risk. After seed shatter, the toxic alkaloid concentrations in leaves and pods of D. barbeyi, D. occidentale, and D. glaucum were generallyless than 2 mg/g; thus, risk of losing cattle would be low for the remainder of the grazing season The Journal of Range Management archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact lbry-journals@email.arizona.edu for further information. Migrated from OJS platform August 2020

Language
en
Resource Type
Text
Document Type
Journal Issue/Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.2307/4003441
Additional Information
Gardner, D. R., & Pfister, J. A. (2000). Late season toxic alkaloid concentrations in tall larkspur (Delphinium spp.). Journal of Range Management, 53(3), 329-334.
ISSN
0022-409X
OAI Identifier
oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/643770
Journal Volume
53
Journal Number
3
Journal Pages
329-334
Collection
Rangeland Ecology & Management (REM)
Journal Name
Journal of Range Management
Keywords
senescence
14-deacetylnudicauline
Delphinium glaucum
Delphinium glaucescens
Delphinium occidentale
pods
grazing time
leaves
Delphinium barbeyi
phenology
Delphinium
maturity stage
diterpenoid alkaloids
methyllycaconitine
diterpenoid alkaloids
poisonous plants
grazing management