Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Clipping and precipitation influences on locoweed vigor, mortality, and toxicity
Author
Ralphs, M. H.
Gardner, D. R.
Graham, J. D.
Greathouse, G.
Knight, A. P.
Publisher
Society for Range Management
Publication Year
2002-07-01
Body

White locoweed (Oxytropis sericea Nutt. in TG) is widespread throughout the short-grass prairies and mountain grasslands and causes chronic poisoning of cattle, sheep, and horses. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of clipping (simulated grazing) on vigor, mortality and toxic alkaloid concentration of white locoweed. One hundred locoweed plants were marked at each of 3 locations (New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah). Plants were stratified into 2 age/size classes: young/small < 5 stalks; older/large > 7 stalks (n = 50 in each class). Pairs of plants within each age class that were as similar as possible were selected, and 1 of each pair (n = 25) was clipped at ground level annually for 4 years. Vigor indices included number of stalks, number of flowering heads, leaf length, and flowering head height. Mortality was recorded and the toxic alkaloid swainsonine was measured. Clipping did not consistently reduce vigor. Flowering heads/plant declined in most clipped plants (P < 0.05), but stalks/plant declined only in large clipped plants in Utah and small clipped plants in New Mexico (P < 0.01), and clipping did not greatly affect leaf length or flowering head height. Clipping did not increase mortality, and did not affect swainsonine concentration. However, there was a natural die-off that may have been related to precipitation. There were negative correlations between precipitation and locoweed mortality (r = -0.42 to -0.84), with most of the marked plants dying during the recent drought. Grazing locoweed for short periods would likely not affect its vigor or toxicity, but its population dynamics were affected by drought. The Journal of Range Management archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact lbry-journals@email.arizona.edu for further information. Migrated from OJS platform August 2020

Language
en
Resource Type
Text
Document Type
Journal Issue/Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.2307/4003477
Additional Information
Ralphs, M. H., Gardner, D. R., Graham, J. D., Greathouse, G., & Knight, A. P. (2002). Clipping and precipitation influences on locoweed vigor, mortality, and toxicity. Journal of Range Management, 55(4), 394-399.
IISN
0022-409X
OAI Identifier
oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/643675
Journal Volume
55
Journal Number
4
Journal Pages
394-399
Journal Name
Journal of Range Management
Keywords
leaf length
flowering head height
cutting height
indolizidine alkaloids
leaf area
swainsonine
age differences
Oxytropis sericea
stems
mortality
vigor
precipitation
drought
Utah
New Mexico
Colorado
plant height
chemical constituents of plants
poisonous plants
white locoweed
Oxytropis sericea
poisonous plants
population cycle