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Over half of Australia's beef cattle are managed in extensive rangeland systems in the north and are vulnerable to climate challenges, infrastructure and labour limitations, and disruptions to trade. In this paper we consider research and industry viewpoints to explore opportunities for the northern Australian beef industry to ensure a sustainable, productive and profitable future. Our analysis is framed by the following megatrends; (1) adaptation to a warmer and more variable climate to protect livelihoods, infrastructure, and quality of life, (2) the technology revolution and expansion into northern Australia, providing new solutions to old problems, (3) geopolitical shifts, which change trade dynamics, disrupt supply chains, and offer alternative domestic and international markets, (4) the push for more efficient resource use, with reduced impacts on animals and the environment driven by changing consumer and market expectations, and (5) changing regional demographics and human capital constraints, which limit operational efficiency and social capital. While all megatrends will create some universal magnitude of effect, the unique landscapes and agricultural systems of the northern Australian rangeland system require a tailored, place-based assessment.