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South Australia's Pastoral Board (the Board) has a vital role in overseeing the sustainable management and conservation of the state's pastoral lands for a diverse range of uses, which continue to evolve over time as new markets and industries emerge, as t he climate changes and communities evolve. Pastoralists and other land managers play a critical role in managing and conserving vast areas of the state's land which holds both productive and ecological values as well as cultural and social values. Originally formed under the Pastoral Act of 1893, the Pastoral Board of South Australia has a long history and extensive experience in the administration of pastoral land (Donovan P. 1995). The current Pastoral Land Management and Conservation Act 1989 enables the Board to manage land in a contemporary context. The Act aims to: • ensure that all pastoral land in the State is well managed and utilised sustainably; • provide for monitoring of land condition, prevention of degradation and rehabilitation of the land; • provide a form of tenure suitable for the pastoral industry (42-year leases reviewed every 14 years); • recognise and provide for the rights of Aboriginal people to follow traditional pursuits on pastoral land; and • enable community access to and through pastoral land. The Board aims to achieve the world's best managed pastoral country, by working with pastoral land managers and communities to develop, adopt and promote practices that sustain the state's pastoral lands for current and future generations. The Board's immediate priorities include delivering an effective and fit for purpose land condition assessment program, effective compliance, and sound policies informed by community input, to support certainty for pastoral lessees, and reduce risks of degradation that affects the long-term sustainability of pastoral lands. It works closely with other regulators to achieve aligned management for a range of outcomes, including complementary legislative regimes for new industries.