Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation, compaction, nutrient return, and season of use were examined on three study areas (Willow Creek, approximately 16 km north-northwest of Brogan, Oregon, Valley Creek…Publication Date 1969
- Agrostis stolonifera
- Meadow Foxtail
- Alopecurus pratensis
- defoliation
- Carex spp.
- compaction
- nutrient return
- redtop
- Sedge
- Library Collection RecordA short term greenhouse study examined the effects of species competition and clipping on carbon allocation in leafy spurge plants grown with Idaho fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and alfalfa plants.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Leafy spurge
- plant competition
- Medicago sativa
- carbon allocation
- Festuca idahoensis
- grazing tolerance
- noxious range weed
- Poa pratensis L.
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of defoliation on biomass distribution were studied in plants of Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, and Trifolium repens, collected from three different-aged pastures in British Columbia.…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Holcus lanatus
- Lolium perenne
- Trifolium repens
- grass-grazer relationship
- pasture age
- Library Collection RecordSites at the Wind Cave National Park (WCNP) in South Dakota dominated by warm-season grasses were used by elk (Cervus elaphus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), while sites dominated by cool-…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- mule deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- bison
- Antilocapra americana
- Bison bison
- elk
- forbs
- graminoids
- pronghorn
- Library Collection RecordWraith et al. compared soil moisture and plant water status on grazed and ungrazed portions of a 10-paddock, short duration grazing system, on established crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)…Publication Date 1969
- soil moisture
- water balance
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum)
- leaf water potentials
- spring grazing
- Library Collection RecordThis study in the Southern Great Plains looked at grazing duration effects on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and grain yield. Growth and grain yield responses to grazing duration were…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- tillering
- forage
- leaf area index
- biomass
- winter wheat
- Triticum aestivum
- ground cover
- heading date
- Library Collection RecordWhite et al. measured the vegetative responses of a New Mexico blue grama rangeland to heavily stocked, short-duration grazing and moderately stocked, continuous grazing. In general, total produced…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- defoliation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- stocking rate
- blue grama
- grazing system
- Library Collection RecordIn this Maryland study to simulate deer browsing, Whigham quantified the temporal effects of annual experimental defoliation on the growth rate of leaves and belowground corms, on senescence of corms…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- reproduction
- Orchidaceae
- defoliation
- biomass allocation
- Tipularia discolor
- woodland herb
- woodland orchid
- Library Collection RecordThe concentration of phenols, procyanidins, and protein in pine foliage was determined at two and eight weeks following mechanical defoliation of 0, 25, 50, and 75% in this greenhouse study. The…Publication Date 1969
- Pinus ponderosa
- Procyanidins
- defoliation
- Phenol
- ponderosa pine
- protein
- resistance
- Library Collection RecordThis study, of the Farewell, Alaska, bison (Bison bison) herd, indicated shrubs, especially willow (Salix spp.) may be important in the diet during summer and fall. From fecal samples collected and…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- Alaska
- food habits
- Bison bison
- fall range
- Fecal Samples
- summer range
- Library Collection RecordOver two years, bison (Bison bison) on the Konza Prairie were 3 times as likely to graze recently burned watersheds as unburned areas, especially in spring and summer. Bison also preferentially…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- bison
- Bison bison
- Konza Prairie Research National Area
- perennial grasses
- Library Collection RecordVinton and Hartnett examined the response of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) to bison (Bison bison) grazing and clipping in burned and unburned Kansas tallgrass…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- bison
- Andropogon gerardii
- Panicum virgatum
- Bison bison
- fire
- Library Collection RecordNormalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of experimental plots that were exposed to different intensities (5, 10, or 20 cm stubble height) and frequencies (0, 1, 3, or 6 times during the growing…Publication Date 1969
- prescribed burning
- grazing intensity
- defoliation
- grazing frequency
- normalized difference vegetation index
- remote sensing measurements
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordSvejcar and Christiansen measured root mass, root length, and leaf area index on Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa caucasica) pastures that were lightly or heavily grazed by cattle. Plants in heavily…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing intensity
- Bothriochloa caucasica
- Caucasian Bluestem
- grazing tolerance
- root length density
- root:shoot ratio
- Library Collection RecordSteuter et al. determined the effects of bison (Bos bison) grazing and the diet and distribution of bison and pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius) on sandhills prairie pastures. All pastures were…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- Bos bison
- exclosures
- forbs
- Geomys bursarius
- perennial C4 grasses
- plant-herbivore interaction
- pocket gophers
- species composition
- vegetation community structure
- Library Collection RecordBased on their observations of cattle (Bos taurus) and bison (Bos bison) grazing on Nature Conservancy-owned reserves in three Great Plains states (Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota), Steuter…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- cattle
- Bos taurus
- Bos bison
- Great Plains
- Management Regimes
- mixed grass prairie
- Library Collection RecordDuring a study in Florida, in the first year of defoliation, dry matter (DM) harvested for 'Mott' elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 'S-Mott' varied little from that of the…Publication Date 1969
- Pennisetum glaucum
- elephant grass
- Pennisetum purpureum
- defoliation
- crude protein
- agronomic performance
- in vitro digestible organic matter
- pearl millet
- Pennisetum hybrids
- Library Collection RecordSinger et al. present in this paper an evaluation of the abundance of elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) and their grazing on ungulate winter ranges in two national parks (Yellowstone…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- Cervus elaphus
- mineralization
- Bison bison
- elk
- Rocky Mountain National Park
- ungulate herbivory
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordThis study reports niche relationships between elk (Cervus elaphus) and four other native ungulates, mule deer (Odocoileus hermionus), bison (Bison bison), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), and…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- mule deer
- Odocoileus hemionus
- Antilocapra americana
- bighorn sheep
- Bison bison
- diet overlaps
- elk
- niche relationships
- Ovis canadensis
- Pronghorn Antelope
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordThe purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in aboveground biomass production by plant species between grazed and ungrazed sites on Yellowstone National Park's northern elk (Cervus…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- Bison bison
- bunchgrasses
- elk
- native ungulates
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordRomo et al. examined the effects of cattle grazing and simulated grazing, at different times in the growing season on winterfat (Ceratoides lanata) growth and production to determine the appropriate…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grazing management
- productivity
- Ceratoides lanata
- standing crop
- Winterfat
- Library Collection RecordPolley and Detling examined the effects of defoliation on growth and nitrogen nutrition in populations of Agropyron smithii (western wheatgrass) collected from a heavily grazed black-tailed prairie…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grasslands
- biomass production
- nitrogen accumulation
- prairie dog colonies
- Library Collection RecordPfeiffer and Hartnett measured the response of annually burned and unburned little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) plants to grazing to determine how pasture management combining fire and grazing…Publication Date 1969
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- grazing
- bison
- bunchgrass
- fire
- little bluestem
- Library Collection RecordIndian ricegrass (Oryzopsis hymenoides) plants were clipped at anthesis in a field study that compared the seed production, weight, and germination of plants that were exposed to heavy grazing or…Publication Date 1969
- protection
- defoliation
- germination
- viability
- ecotypic variation
- Indian Ricegrass
- Oryzopsis hymenoides
- Library Collection RecordA simulation model was created and verified using data from field experiments, to determine the compensatory growth of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) after grazing, at different times…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- defoliation
- production model
- ramet population model
- ramets
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordNorland et al. conducted this study in Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP), North Dakota, to determine bison (Bison bison) stocking rates that would minimize damage to indigenous plant…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- North Dakota
- Bison bison
- forage production
- habitat use
- linear model
- optimum stocking
- Library Collection RecordMiller and Rose measured the effects of simulated autumn herbivory on crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) tiller mortality and plant growth. Tiller recruitment was lower in the autumn…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- roots
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Allocation
- tiller
- Library Collection RecordUngrazed, lightly grazed, and heavily grazed intensity treatments for 50 years, in short-grass steppe of Colorado, were assessed in terms of forage nitrogen concentrations, nitrogen yields, and in…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- precipitation
- nitrogen
- grazing history
- Grazing Intensities
- nutritional quality
- Library Collection RecordIn southern British Columbia, McLean and Wikeem conducted clipping trials at two upper grassland sites for rough fescue, two lower grassland sites for crested wheatgrass, and one site each in the…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- crested wheatgrass
- British Columbia
- grazing
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- growth cycle
- rough fescue
- Library Collection RecordPlants of two species of Sesbania were defoliated in patterns designed to reveal the level of integrated response. For field grown plants, defoliation caused fruit abortion on the defoliated…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- yield components
- integrated physiological unit
- metamer
- modular growth
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this study was to examine flexibility in allocation to storage and reproduction with respect to loss of leaf area in Trillium grandiflorum, a perennial herb of temperate deciduous…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- resource allocation
- deciduous forest
- reproductive biology
- spring ephemeral
- total nonstructural carbohydrates
- Trillium grandiflorum
- Library Collection RecordKrueger looked at the foraging relationships and potential competition between bison, prairie dogs and pronghorn in Wind Cave National Park in South Dakota. Specifically, he studied the…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- foraging
- South Dakota
- Antilocapra americana
- competition
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- facilitation
- interaction
- prairie dog
- pronghorn
- Library Collection RecordOf the six Wyoming relict sites with historic vegetation data, three lie in Hot Springs County. In the summer of 1997, the University of Wyoming team located and photographed the sites, conducted…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- Leafy spurge
- bison
- cattle
- big sagebrush
- bluebunch wheatgrass
- cheatgrass
- downy brome
- inventory
- relict sites
- threadleaf sedge
- Library Collection RecordJaramillo and Detling raised samples of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) from heavily grazed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies and lightly grazed uncolonized sites in Wind Cave National Park…Publication Date 1969
- Bouteloua gracilis
- defoliation
- blue grama
- clipping
- Cynomys ludovicianus
- grass
- grassland
- grazing history
- nitrogen accumulation
- nutrient accumulation
- prairie dogs
- Library Collection RecordThe authors tested the effects of clipping and root herbivory, both separately and combined, on the growth and leaf gas exchange of sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula). Nematodes (…Publication Date 1969
- Sideoats grama
- Bouteloua curtipendula
- defoliation
- fine roots
- net photosynthesis
- root-feeding nematodes
- Library Collection RecordHendon and Briske investigated the response of Texas cupgrass (Eriochloa sericea), a warm season perennial bunchgrass, to clipping of 75% of canopy volume prior-, during, and post- culm elongation,…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- defoliation
- mortality
- Eriochloa sericea
- herbivory-sensitivity
- perennial bunchgrass
- Texas cupgrass
- tiller demography
- Library Collection RecordHart reviews and maps travelers' observations of bison during journeys across the U.S. and Canadian Great Plains in the 1700's to 1870's to examine whether bison "flash grazed…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grazing management
- Canada
- Great Plains
- habitat
- Library Collection RecordHaferkamp et al. measured the effects of clipping in May or June on western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) growth and tiller dynamics in plots with and without competition from annual brome (Bromus…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- Bromus japonicus
- competition
- forage production
- Japanese brome
- Pascopyrum smithii
- simulated grazing
- western wheatgrass
- Library Collection RecordFrom this two-year study in Utah, Gold and Caldwell quantified the effects of different spatial patterns of defoliation on regrowth rates, peak standing biomass, and aboveground biomass production of…Publication Date 1969
- Agropyron desertorum
- defoliation
- regrowth
- clipping
- spatial pattern
- tussock grass
- Library Collection RecordFuhlendorf and Engle state that a heterogenetic rangeland is the most desired type of rangeland based on the fact that it has evolved with grazing by American bison. Bison graze patches in a mosaic…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- controlled burns
- mosaic patterns
- Library Collection RecordOn the northern winter range of Yellowstone National Park, Frank and Zhang measured ammonia volatilization at three times in 1995, at three topographic positions: hilltop, midslope, and slope-bottom…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- nitrogen
- Ammonia Volatilization
- Bison bison
- elk
- grassland
- ungulate
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Frank and McNaughton tested the theory that herbivory would stimulate above-ground production by measuring the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) grazing on plant…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- primary production
- grasslands
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- Bison bison
- elk
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordA year long study was conducted to examine how large herbivores and landscape factors affect soil C and N dynamics in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park. Results from the in situ experiment…Publication Date 1969
- carbon
- grazing
- herbivory
- bison
- nitrogen
- elk
- grassland
- Library Collection RecordFrank and Evans investigated the effects of native ungulates on grassland N cycling in Yellowstone National Park by examining natural 15N abundance of soils and plants inside and outside long-term…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- Cervus elaphus
- nitrogen
- 15N
- Bison bison
- elk
- grassland
- herbivore
- stable isotopes
- ungulate
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordFrank and McNaughton measured net aboveground primary productivity (ANPP), large herbivore consumption (C), and dung deposition (D), an index of nutrient flow from herbivores to the soil, in…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- consumption
- drought
- Cervus elaphus
- herbivory
- primary production
- Bison bison
- elk
- forage quality
- grassland function
- ungulate migration
- Library Collection RecordThe diversity of responses of individual grasses to defoliation created a controversy years ago, which still needs clarification. Ferraro and Oesterheld quantitatively assessed the evidence of…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- biomass
- ecosystem primary production
- individual grass growth
- Linear Regressions
- meta-analysis
- nitrogen availability
- recovery time
- relative growth rate
- Library Collection RecordIn Kansas, Fahnestock and Knapp examined two abundant tallgrass prairie forb species, Ambrosia psilostachya and Vernonia baldwinii, commonly found intact in patches where the grasses have been…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grazing
- water availability
- productivity
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- inland ironweed
- Vernonia baldwinii
- western ragweed
- Library Collection RecordFahnestock and Knapp assessed the indirect effects of selective grass herbivory by bison on the xylem pressure potentials and primary production of ungrazed tallgrass prairie forbs, during the 1990…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grazing
- Andropogon gerardii
- biomass
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- Aster ericoides
- Bison bison
- Vernonia baldwinii
- xylem pressure potential
- Library Collection RecordThis article reviews the previous discussions regarding the bison migration/non-migration controversy. One hypothesis is that bison herds migrated regularly between woodland and grassland…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grasslands
- bison movements
- foraging strategy
- Great Plains
- habitat
- human-bison ecological relationship
- woodland environments
- Library Collection RecordAuthors used an experimental design to investigate seasonal changes in the live and dead phytomass components of a Bromus inermis-Poa pratensis community, and the effects of initial timing, height,…Publication Date 1969
- Bromus inermis
- Poa pratensis
- defoliation
- aspen boreal habitats
- Bluegrass
- herbage production
- smooth bromegrass