Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThis study determined the salinity, chironomid density, biomass, and species composition in ponds on a freshwater marsh, an undamaged supratidal marsh, and a marsh degraded by lesser snow goose (…Publication Date 1969
- Anser caerulescens caerulescens
- chironomid biomass
- freshwater marsh
- habitat degradation
- lesser snow goose
- salt marsh
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, the effects of redberry juniper (Juniperus pinchotii) on species composition and biomass production of the herbaceous layer were evaluated for 3 years on an ungrazed site and a site…Publication Date 1969
- biomass production
- Juniperus pinchotii
- recovery from grazing
- redberry juniper
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordMcInnes et al. examined the influence of moose (Alces alces) on aboveground biomass, production, and annual litterfall using four moose exclosures and paired browsing plots on Isle Royale, Michigan…Publication Date 1969
- moose
- biomass
- browsing
- herbivory
- production
- ungulates
- Alces alces
- Boreal Forest
- litter
- Library Collection RecordThis study reports how beaver (Castor canadensis) activity has affected the benthic invertebrate community of a small woodland stream in northeastern Quebec. Dam construction and wood input by…Publication Date 1969
- Quebec
- organic matter
- density
- biomass
- beaver
- benthic invertebrate community
- Castor canadensis
- Library Collection RecordIn this riparian study, authors examined the treatments of aeration, nitrogen addition, revegetation and clipping to determine vegetation response and to increase understanding of grazing effects.…Publication Date 1969
- aeration
- revegetation
- clipping
- Nitrogen addition
- species composition
- water tables
- Library Collection RecordUsing a simple optimization model, Lundberg and Astrom analyzed whether low nutritive quality in terms of low nutrient concentration can be a profitable anti-herbivory strategy for plants. Contrary…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- biomass
- food-plant selection
- low nutritive quality
- optimization model
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, LeCain et al. measured the effects of light and heavy grazing on carbon exchange, soil respiration and vegetation characteristics, in the Wyoming mixed-grass prairie. Seasonal…Publication Date 1969
- grazing intensity
- productivity
- photosynthesis
- soil respiration
- seasonal fluctuations
- soil carbon
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordKotler et al. looked at the effects of cover on the abundance and structure of rodent communities in northeastern Kansas. The study consisted of four plots, each being 0.81 ha in size: two control…Publication Date 1969
- mowing
- predation
- deer mouse
- prairie vole
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordSeed bank density and species composition were compared among ungrazed pastures and pastures managed with continuous heavy or moderate deferred rotational grazing for 36 years in a Texas desert…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- deferred rotation grazing
- grazing system
- Hilaria belangeri
- seed densities
- species composition
- succession
- Library Collection RecordKerley and Whitford measured the effects of grazing on the vegetation structure of desert grasslands, and the subsequent effects of vegetation structure changes on populations and seed predation…Publication Date 1969
- ecological impacts
- granivory
- plant community dynamics
- seed predation
- species composition
- succession
- vegetation structure
- Library Collection RecordPrevious researchers have suggested that plant communities in the Chihuahuan Desert area respond quickly and positively to the removal of grazing pressure. In this study, Kelt and Valone determined…Publication Date 1969
- species diversity
- arid southwest
- cattle grazing
- Exclosure
- species composition
- summer and winter ephemerals
- Library Collection RecordKanneganti and Kaffka tested forage availability for daily intake throughout the grazing season with intensive grazing rotation management. Data was collected on herbage dry matter, botanical…Publication Date 1969
- rotational grazing
- Kentucky bluegrass
- Poa pratensis
- forage productivity
- pasture growth rates
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordFive exclosures were established in a frequently burned, infertile, wiregrass (Aristida stricta) dominated, flatwoods range in south Florida to evaluate range improvement by deferred grazing. There…Publication Date 1969
- Aristida stricta
- Florida flatwoods range
- range condition
- species composition
- Wiregrass
- Library Collection RecordHudson and Nietfeld looked at the effects of late-summer elk foraging rates on a mature, grass-dominant vegetation stand. Four elk were contained in a 0.15 ha plot for a 7 day period, where bite/min…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- stocking rate
- bite rate
- boreal grasslands
- foraging time
- Library Collection RecordTwelve ruminally cannulated and six intact crossbred beef steers were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of stocking density of a riparian pasture in the Sierra Nevada…Publication Date 1969
- cattle
- stocking density
- biomass
- forage intake
- Library Collection RecordSmall-plot runoff simulations were used to evaluate the influence of buffer width, slope, vegetation characteristics, and stubble height on sediment retention. Overall, sediment retention was…Publication Date 1969
- runoff
- biomass
- buffer width
- ground cover
- sediment retention
- slope
- stubble height
- Library Collection RecordTo evaluate streambank fencing as a management tool, for two years Homyack and Giuliano measured the richness, abundance, and biomass of reptile and amphibian species on 10 grazed streams and…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- livestock
- vegetation
- water quality
- abundance
- amphibian
- herpetofauna
- macroinvertebrate
- reptile
- riparian areas
- species richness
- streambank fencing
- Library Collection RecordHofmann and Ries compared season-of-grazing use of pastures comprised of introduced and cool-season species with pastures comprised of a mix of native warm- and cool-season species with pastures…Publication Date 1969
- liveweight gain
- ground cover
- herbage dry matter
- species composition
- surface-mined land
- warm season species
- Library Collection RecordComposition, growth, and reproduction of Aster ericoides, Ruellia humilis, and Amorpha canescens were measured in pastures that were ungrazed or stocked lightly, moderately, or highly with cattle to…Publication Date 1969
- stocking density
- grazing intensity
- Amorpha canescens
- Aster ericoides
- Ruellia humilis
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordIntermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) and Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea) plants were exposed to three moisture levels and two levels of simulated grazing to determine the…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- soil moisture
- axillary buds
- intermediate wheatgrass
- Psathyrostachys juncea
- Russian wildrye
- Thinopyrum intermedium
- Tiller recruitment
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of grazing during, or during and after, the season of a drought were determined for eastern Montana grasslands in this study. The results suggested that drought greatly reduced standing…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- soil water
- baseline data
- ecosystem processes
- species composition
- standing crop
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Gough and Grace studied plant community responses to fertilization and herbivory in Louisiana brackish and freshwater marshes. Species density was greater in plots that were grazed…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- fertilization
- herbivory
- Nutria
- nutrients
- productivity
- species diversity
- coastal marsh
- diversity
- Myocastor coypus
- Sagittaria lancifolia
- Scirpus americanus
- Spartina patens
- Library Collection RecordGough and Grace used strategic sod placement and exclosures to determine if rising sea levels will impact salt marsh vegetation by increasing salinity, flooding frequency and sensitivity of plants to…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- Louisiana
- Nutria
- species diversity
- Myocastor coypus
- Species Density
- Library Collection RecordThe intensity of removal of underground biomass, number of "bites" taken, and the number of adventitious buds removed were tested on Scirpus americanus, by clipping the marsh plants to…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- rhizomes
- biomass
- Chen caerulescens atlantica
- coastal marsh
- Scirpus americanus
- simulated feeding
- Library Collection RecordGillen and Sims determined the impact of stocking rate on herbaceous production of a sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia)-grassland. Grasses contributed 89% of the total herbaceous production…Publication Date 1969
- grazing intensity
- biomass
- composition
- annual production
- Artemisia filifolia
- mixed prairie
- Sand Sagebrush
- Library Collection RecordGillen et al. measured relative composition and standing crop in plots grazed continuously or in a rotational grazing system, at varying stocking rates in north-central Oklahoma. Vegetation response…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- plant succession
- Schizachyrium scoparium
- Andropogon gerardii
- Sorghastrum nutans
- big bluestem
- Indiangrass
- little bluestem
- Rotation Grazing
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThis Louisiana study was initiated using exclosures to determine whether mammalian herbivory by nutria (Myocastor coypus), muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus), and waterfowl had a measurable impact on the…Publication Date 1969
- Nutria
- Salix nigra
- Louisiana
- herbivory
- Ammania coccinea
- Cyperus difformis
- Eleocharis spp.
- muskrat
- Myocastor coypus
- Ondatra zibethicus
- plant biomass
- Sagittaria latifolia
- species composition
- Sphenoclea zeylandica
- Typha latifolia
- Library Collection RecordAs a whole, grasshopper densities were greater on ungrazed sites compared to grazed sites. Melanoplus sanguinipes and all species of Melanoplinae were greater on ungrazed sites, while Oedipodinae…Publication Date 1969
- Melanoplus sanguinipes
- drought
- Gomphocerinae
- Melanoplinae
- Oedipodinae
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe diversity of responses of individual grasses to defoliation created a controversy years ago, which still needs clarification. Ferraro and Oesterheld quantitatively assessed the evidence of…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- biomass
- ecosystem primary production
- individual grass growth
- Linear Regressions
- meta-analysis
- nitrogen availability
- recovery time
- relative growth rate
- Library Collection RecordFahnestock and Knapp assessed the indirect effects of selective grass herbivory by bison on the xylem pressure potentials and primary production of ungrazed tallgrass prairie forbs, during the 1990…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grazing
- Andropogon gerardii
- biomass
- Ambrosia psilostachya
- Aster ericoides
- Bison bison
- Vernonia baldwinii
- xylem pressure potential
- Library Collection RecordCoughenour examined dormant season elk (Cervus elaphus) impacts on shoot and root standing crop and nitrogen concentration in and outside of 35 year old exclosures in Yellowstone National Park's…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- grazing
- biomass
- elk
- grazing impacts
- nitrogen concentration
- winter range
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordBy the end of the second growing season in a Rhode Island salt marsh, biomass-removal plots had greater species richness than controls at high elevations (4.6 vs 2.4), while at low elevations,…Publication Date 1969
- biomass removal
- Juncus gerardi
- salt marsh
- species composition
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordIn this 3-year study of the vegetation in 4 livestock exclosures in North Dakota, Brand and Goetz found that the exclosures had greater graminoid leaf heights and greater mulch accumulation than the…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- Bouteloua gracilis
- blue grama
- Carex filifolia
- Carex heliophila
- livestock exclosures
- Sedge
- species composition
- thread-leaf sedge
- Library Collection RecordThe effects of long-term summer sheep grazing in southwestern Utah were measured in this study by comparing a sheep-grazed pasture to an ungrazed pasture (occasionally grazed by horses/cattle). The…Publication Date 1969
- desirable species
- forbs
- grazing pressure
- natural plant community
- range condition
- relic site
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordBowers measured plant species composition and cover in plots exposed to varying levels of herbivory (no grazing, small rodent grazing, small mammal grazing, and deer grazing) for four years in a…Publication Date 1969
- plant succession
- community colonization
- exclosures
- plant-herbivore interaction
- seed bank
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThe objective of this 8-year study was to evaluate the ecosystem-level impacts of no-grazing vs. sustained moderate and heavy cattle grazing, in terms of plant species basal cover, density, and…Publication Date 1969
- climactic variation
- grazing pressure
- litter and root decomposition
- mixed grass prairie
- net primary production
- net soil N mineralization
- nitrogen loss
- soil carbon
- soil nitrogen
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordVegetative and cryptogamic crust cover and biomass were measured at ungrazed, previously grazed and presently grazed sites, within and near Grand Canyon National Park. Cryptogamic crust cover and…Publication Date 1969
- grazing intensity
- trampling
- crust biomass
- crust cover
- grazing history
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordSelective grazing by some herbivores can alter pasture species composition, range condition and forage production within and between seasons. In this study, moderate sheep grazing in the fall-winter…Publication Date 1969
- Quercus douglasii
- Blue Oak
- selective grazing
- California annual grassland
- range condition
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordBai et al. studied the range condition and vegetation composition and characteristics to determine the effects of grazing on the southern Saskatchewan grassland region. Grazing altered species…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- Saskatchewan
- Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA)
- litter
- sward structure
- Two-way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN)