Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordGillen et al. examined the impact of 3 short-duration grazing treatments (2, 3, and 4-grazing cycles, ranging from 3 to 9 days) and 2 stocking rates on Oklahoma tallgrass prairie over 2 years. Grass…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- defoliation frequency
- defoliation intensity
- Rotation Grazing
- Library Collection RecordHerbivores are generally thought to enhance plant diversity by their direct consumption of competitively dominant plant species and indirect effects on plants competition. Consequently, management…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- biodiversity
- grasslands
- extinction dynamics
- habitat scales
- local plant colonization
- spatial scales
- temporal scales
- Library Collection RecordLoft et al. concluded that heavy stocking rates, which are considerably higher than federal recommendation, cause negative effects in deer habitat preference during their fawning season. Cattle seem…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- competition
- corn lilies
- cover
- Library Collection RecordLoft et al. looked at the interaction of cattle and mule deer and the accompanied effects on mule deer home range in the Sierra Nevada's of California. The presence of cattle never removed mule…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- competition
- habitat requirements
- home range
- Library Collection RecordKarn et al. compared animal gains, and forage production and utilization at two stocking rates (moderate and heavy) on flat and rolling native grasslands with seeded smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis…Publication Date 1969
- crested wheatgrass
- Agropyron desertorum
- Bromus inermis
- stocking rate
- animal gains
- native rangelands
- Pascopyrum smithii
- smooth bromegrass
- western wheatgrass
- Library Collection RecordJung and Sahlu determined the effects of sheep grazing at two different stocking rates on available forage, forage quality, diet quality, and animal intake and weight gain. Forage quality declined…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- selective grazing
- Bromus inermis
- animal gains
- diet composition
- diet quality
- intake
- smooth bromegrass
- Library Collection RecordHuffaker and Cooper have presented a model linking privately optimal annual stocking rates to their long-term impact on the succession of plant species on rangeland. The underlying motivation is the…Publication Date 1969
- environment
- plant succession
- stocking rate
- rangeland
- slow dynamics
- threshold analysis
- Library Collection RecordHudson and Nietfeld looked at the effects of late-summer elk foraging rates on a mature, grass-dominant vegetation stand. Four elk were contained in a 0.15 ha plot for a 7 day period, where bite/min…Publication Date 1969
- biomass
- stocking rate
- bite rate
- boreal grasslands
- foraging time
- Library Collection RecordGrazing is needed for the maintenance of a grassland system. Hill notes that altering the well-documented relationship between producer and consumer (grass and herbivore) seems unwise. Removing…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivores
- grasslands
- management
- biological diversity
- policy
- Library Collection RecordHerbaceous production, utilization, percent cover and species composition were compared for three grazing systems (continuous, rotationally deferred, short-duration rotation) at two stocking rates (…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- stocking rate
- range condition
- rotationally deferred grazing
- Savory Grazing Method
- short-duration rotation grazing
- Library Collection RecordHart et al. determined that cattle and elk appear to have very little habitat over lap, based on the soil types and slope/aspect of the areas where they were observed. Cattle seemed to spend most of…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- cattle-elk competition
- range sites
- Library Collection RecordHarrison et al. studied the effects of livestock grazing and fire in a mosaic of serpentine and nonserpentine soils in California, where most grasslands are dominated by exotic annuals and serpentine…Publication Date 1969
- grasslands
- grazing
- diversity
- exotic species
- fire
- invasion
- serpentine
- species richness
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Gillen et al. determined the effects of altering the rest period between grazing cycles and the stocking rate in a short-duration rotational grazing system in pastures that were spring…Publication Date 1969
- rotational grazing
- stocking rate
- rest
- grazing system
- seral successional stage
- Spring Burning
- Library Collection RecordOwensby et al. examined the effects of increasing the stocking rate on intensive-early stocked pastures, in the Flint Hills of Kansas, by applying stocking rates that were 2, 2.5, and 3 times the…Publication Date 1969
- Andropogon gerardii
- Andropogon scoparius
- stocking rate
- big bluestem
- grazing system
- little bluestem
- livestock gain
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordThis study was designed to evaluate vegetation standing crop biomass and species composition at varying distances from water on 2 upland sandy ranges in different ecological conditions, in the…Publication Date 1969
- grazing management
- forage
- stocking rate
- range condition
- rangeland
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, Frank and McNaughton tested the theory that herbivory would stimulate above-ground production by measuring the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) grazing on plant…Publication Date 1969
- herbivory
- primary production
- grasslands
- Cervus elaphus
- bison
- Bison bison
- elk
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordFrank et al. determined how nitrogen (N) cycling in Yellowstone National Park related to topography and ungulate use. As found in previous grassland studies, the N mineralization rates in…Publication Date 1969
- grasslands
- herbivory
- nitrogen cycling
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordAuthors conducted a replicated farmlet study to investigate the potential for improving dairy profitability through increasing stocking rates without influencing milk yield per cow. The study was…Publication Date 1969
- crude protein
- stocking rate
- grazing systems
- dairy cows
- profitability
- Library Collection RecordThis article reviews the previous discussions regarding the bison migration/non-migration controversy. One hypothesis is that bison herds migrated regularly between woodland and grassland…Publication Date 1969
- bison
- grasslands
- bison movements
- foraging strategy
- Great Plains
- habitat
- human-bison ecological relationship
- woodland environments
- Library Collection RecordAuthors evaluate the effects of management intensity, defined in terms of N fertilization and stocking rate, on litter mass, deposition rate, and chemical composition in continuously stocked '…Publication Date 1969
- chemical composition
- stocking rate
- Paspalum notatum
- decomposition rate
- littler mass
- nitrogen fertilization
- Pensacola bahiagrass
- Library Collection RecordNitrogen is a key element in the grassland ecosystem, because of its capacity to limit primary and secondary production. Dormaar et al. determined the effects of grazing on the composition and…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- exchangeable nitrogen
- hydrolyzable nitrogen
- mineralizable nitrogen
- urease activity
- Library Collection RecordThis article supports the belief that overcompensation of total primary production can occur in plant populations and communities subjected to grazing. However, it is noted that whether or not this…Publication Date 1969
- compensation
- grazing
- grasslands
- primary production
- rangelands
- herbivory
- herbivore optimization theory
- overcompensation
- Library Collection RecordCullan et al. investigate the effects of early summer stocking rates on prairie sandreed (Calamovilfa longifolia) in the Nebraska sandhills. Over a two-year period, grazing pressure accounted for 69…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- Calamovilfa longifolia
- little bluestem
- Prairie Sandreed
- recruitment and mortality
- sand bluestem
- Library Collection RecordIn this review paper, Bryant et al. studied the effects of short-duration grazing systems on commercial ranches. Based on experiences of Texas Tech researchers of short-duration grazing systems…Publication Date 1969
- rotational grazing
- stocking rate
- management
- arid and semiarid regions
- livestock grazing
- rangeland
- short-duration grazing
- Library Collection RecordIn this Oklahoma study, Brummer et al. found that grazing schedule had limited and inconsistent effects on short-term herbage dynamics of tallgrass prairie. Average seasonal standing crop increased…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- herbage accumulation
- herbage disappearance
- Rotation Grazing
- Library Collection RecordAbaye et al. compared forage quality and quantity between pastures grazed by sheep and cattle alone and together (multi-species grazing). More forage was available and forage use tended to be more…Publication Date 1969
- mixed grazing
- stocking rate
- forage-livestock systems
- grazing pressure
- grazing system
- multi-species grazing
- time spent grazing
- Library Collection RecordWeiss examined the role of livestock in maintaining nutrient-poor serpentine soil grasslands in California as suitable habitat for the threatened bay checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas cditya baycnsis…Publication Date 1969
- nitrogen
- grasslands
- grazing
- butterfly populations
- plant growth
- Library Collection RecordLong-term effects of stocking rate and grazing system on livestock gains were assessed in the northern mixed-grass prairie at the USDA Agriculture High Plains Grassland Research Station in…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- rotational grazing
- stocking rate
- average daily gain
- grazing pressure
- short-duration grazing
- spring precipitation
- Library Collection RecordSimulation model (Simple Ecological Sustainability Simulator- SESS) representing a hypothetical 100ha ranch in northern Mexico, southern TX, was used to determine ecological and economic consequences…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- sustainability
- prescribed fire
- ranching systems
- range condition
- semi-arid
- Library Collection RecordThe gaming theory is used to model outcomes of grassland use for grazing by cooperative farmers and non-cooperating farmers. Models account for grassland dynamics and assume each farmer maximizes…Publication Date 1969
- Common property
- grasslands
- Common pool resources
- complex ecosystem dynamics
- differential games
- multiple equilibria
- Library Collection RecordThis is a literature review of 47 published scientific articles examining management strategies to obtain even cattle distribution and use of mountainous riparian meadows in the Pacific Northwest.Publication Date 1969
- shade
- stocking rate
- management
- grazing distribution
- offstream water
- rangeland slope
- riparian areas
- salt supplements
- Library Collection RecordLong-term production and profitability of grazing on northern mixed-grass prairie using yearling steers on rangelands of three land condition classes (low-far, good and excellent), and actual…Publication Date 1969
- profit
- stocking rate
- livestock grazing
- Range Conditions
- variable stocking
- Library Collection RecordRange condition, vegetation production, composition, and cover were compared between lightly and moderately grazed rangelands in the Chihuahuan Desert in southwestern New Mexico to determine if these…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- livestock
- range management
- utilization
- arid lands
- range condition
- species composition
- Library Collection RecordPlant species richness and the proportion of native species in a complex of adjacent serpentine and nonserpentine meadows was examined in northern Napa and southern Lake counties in California.…Publication Date 1969
- plants
- grasslands
- diversity
- invasion
- serpentine
- Library Collection RecordA four year study evaluated pairing goat grazing and herbicide control (picloram plus 2,4-D) as a better long term control leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) infestations than either treatment alone.…Publication Date 1969
- density
- stocking rate
- picloram
- Euphorbia esula
- grazing
- integrated weed management
- rangeland weed control
- Library Collection RecordThe total biomass response of Stipa occidentalis to elevated CO2 was similar (averaging 18% increase in biomass) to the response found for other grassland species. However, the increase in total…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- herbivory
- grasslands
- CO2 enrichment
- global change
- Stipa occidentalis
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordAuthor measured the effects of different frequencies and intensities of defoliation on rough fescue and parry oat grass regrowth and yield. Rough fescue yield declined as clipping frequency…Publication Date 1969
- grasslands
- plant production
- clipping height
- clipping interval
- danthonia parryi
- Festuca scabrella
- Harvest
- simulated grazing
- Library Collection RecordWhite et al. measured the vegetative responses of a New Mexico blue grama rangeland to heavily stocked, short-duration grazing and moderately stocked, continuous grazing. In general, total produced…Publication Date 1969
- primary production
- defoliation
- Bouteloua gracilis
- stocking rate
- blue grama
- grazing system
- Library Collection RecordWeltz and Wood examined the influence of short-duration grazing, continuous grazing, and exclusion from grazing on soil erosion, in terms of sediment concentration and total suspended sediment…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- soil erosion
- stocking rate
- plant biomass
- sediment production
- short duration grazing
- Library Collection RecordLong-term effects of stocking rate and grazing system on livestock gains were assessed in the northern mixed-grass prairie at the USDA Agriculture High Plains Grassland Research Station in…Publication Date 1969
- continuous grazing
- rotational grazing
- stocking rate
- average daily gain
- grazing pressure
- short-duration grazing
- spring precipitation
- Library Collection RecordVolesky et al. measured animal performance and vegetation response to 3 different grazing systems (frontal, continuous, and rotational) with varying stocking rates. The frontal grazing system…Publication Date 1969
- Bothriochloa ischaemum
- stocking rate
- grazing management
- animal production
- Plains Old World bluestem
- steer performance
- Library Collection RecordPrevious research suggests that soil bulk density can affect infiltration rate, runoff, erosion and growth of plants. In this study, Van Haveren determined soil bulk density on fine and coarse…Publication Date 1969
- soil texture
- stocking rate
- compaction
- hoof action
- hydrologic characteristics
- Infiltration Rate
- Library Collection RecordChanges in vegetation were measured over six years in pastures exposed to different grazing systems and stocking rates on the Edwards Plateau of Texas. In general the moderate continuously grazed…Publication Date 1969
- stocking rate
- Aboveground Biomass
- bunchgrass
- grazing system
- sodgrass
- species composition
- vegetation community structure
- vegetation cover
- Library Collection RecordStout et al. used experimental data from the northeast U.S. and the literature to assess the relationships between stocking rate and nitrate leaching losses beneath an intensively grazed pasture. A…Publication Date 1969
- leaching
- water quality
- grazing management
- stocking rate
- Nitrate
- Library Collection RecordIn this study, soil bulk density was compared among winter feeding pastures that were not used by cattle and those that were grazed and trampled by cattle at normal and very heavy stocking rates.…Publication Date 1969
- soil compaction
- stocking rate
- infiltration
- cattle trampling
- recovery
- soil bulk density
- Library Collection RecordThe authors present data on the effects of elk (Cervus elaphus) herbivory on grassland species composition, biomass production, and forage quality, and to document any changes in ungulate-grassland…Publication Date 1969
- Cervus elaphus
- grazing
- grasslands
- herbivory
- elk
- fire effects
- forage quality
- ungulate winter range
- Yellowstone National Park
- Library Collection RecordShariff et al. examined the impact of moderate and heavy grazing on above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP), growing season root productivity (GSRP), and plant nitrogen in the grasslands of…Publication Date 1969
- grazing
- productivity
- grasslands
- grazing intensity
- Nitrogen Uptake
- Library Collection RecordWhen herbivores preferentially feed on early successional species they may generate conditions favorable for these species and thus create a positive feedback. Positive feedbacks may create multiple…Publication Date 1969
- foraging
- grasslands
- herbivory
- alternate stable states
- disturbance
- herbivore population dynamics
- multiple stable state
- pocket gophers
- spatial structure
- succession
- Thomomys bottae
- Library Collection RecordA grazing study initiated in 1983 on the Santa Rita Experimental Range in Arizona, provided an opportunity to evaluate cattle grazing patterns on Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana) dominated…Publication Date 1969
- Eragrostis lehmanniana
- stocking rate
- intensity
- Lehmann lovegrass
- patchiness
- regrowth potential
- repeated defoliation
- Library Collection RecordPolley and Detling examined the effects of defoliation on growth and nitrogen nutrition in populations of Agropyron smithii (western wheatgrass) collected from a heavily grazed black-tailed prairie…Publication Date 1969
- defoliation
- grasslands
- biomass production
- nitrogen accumulation
- prairie dog colonies