Rangeland Ecology & Management
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Displaying 51 - 100 of 176 results
- Library Collection RecordThis study looks at the impact of subdivision and sedentarization of pastoral lands on wildlife numbers and production in a savanna ecosystem of southern Kenya. The study uses aerial counts over a…Publication Date 2009
- land fragmentation
- rangelands
- Maasai
- settlement
- conservation
- land reform
- land use
- savanna
- ecosystem dynamics
- ecosystem ecology
- wildlife
- management
- grazing
- grasslands
- socio-economic aspects
- Kenya
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract The ecogeomorphic processes occurring on semiarid rangelands are reviewed, with emphasis on the source-sink relations and positive feedback loops that existed between shrub patches and…Publication Date 2009
- intershrub areas
- shrubs
- soil resources
- trampling routes
- rangelands
- livestock
- Soil Condition
- grazing
- ecosystem dynamics
- Israel
- Library Collection RecordInternationally there is an increasing focus on involving local communities in natural resource management and monitoring. Monitoring methods which are professionally driven appear to be inadequate…Publication Date 2009
- Conservation of Natural Resources
- natural resources
- management
- Community development
- citizen participation
- Conservation of Natural Resources
- social aspects
- socio-economic aspects
- management
- natural resources
- monitoring
- communal farming
- conservation
- biodiversity
- rangelands
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordCarrying capacity is typically defined as the maximum population size that can be supported indefinitely by a given environment, but there are at least 10 different specific definitions used in basic…Publication Date 2008
- Density dependence
- Law of the minimum
- Logistic population growth model
- population regulation
- population size
- Sustainable yield
- carrying capacity
- cattle
- ecology
- rangelands
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe use of fire in the management of grassland is a common rangeland practice in South Africa. This portends ecological implication for the sustainability of the savannah rangelands as a system. A…Publication Date 2008
- fire ecology
- management
- savanna
- grasslands
- rangelands
- Soil Condition
- plant production
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSemi-arid areas are often considered to be environmentally and economically marginal, a situation which has been exacerbated by economic change, shifts in agricultural production and land use, and…Publication Date 2008
- Dry land degradation
- Economic decline
- Livestock trends
- population change
- Small towns
- rangelands
- Economic Aspects
- livestock
- agriculture
- socio-economic aspects
- politics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThere is an urgent need for quantitative methods by which actual, as opposed to potential degradation can be mapped using spatially consistent criteria for large regions. This study tested the Local…Publication Date 2008
- AVHRR
- Communal lands
- desertification
- Local NPP scaling
- rangelands
- South Africa
- communal farming
- remote sensing
- degradation
- mapping
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordKey resource areas (KRAs), defined as dry season foraging zones for herbivores, were studied relative to the more extensive outlying rangeland areas (non-KRAs) in Kenya. Field surveys with…Publication Date 2008
- drought
- forage
- foraging
- herbivore
- Pastoralist
- rangeland
- Satellite
- topography
- rangelands
- foraging ecology
- mapping
- ecosystem ecology
- landscape ecology
- soils
- monitoring
- conservation
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLivestock overgrazing can threaten the ecological integrity of rangelands, and can also threaten the sustainability of pastoralist societies who depend on rangelands for their livelihood. Using…Publication Date 2008
- Microenvironment
- Nurse plants
- positive interactions
- rangeland degradation
- Shrub islands
- Vegetation restoration
- restoration ecology
- degradation
- rangelands
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordFragmentation of the ecosystems of the earth into spatially isolated units has emerged as a primary component of global change. Often, fragmentation results from actions that are intended to enhance…Publication Date 2008
- fragmentation
- rangelands
- adaptation
- public policy
- Economic Aspects
- policies
- management
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDebate among scientists about ecological dynamics and appropriate management of semi-arid rangelands has led to a challenge of received wisdoms of range management and pastoral development in dryland…Publication Date 2008
- Semi-arid rangeland
- pastoralism
- Water Point
- grazing gradient
- ordination
- species response curve
- Namibia
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- piosphere
- grazing
- biodiversity
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAccelerated erosion is a major environmental, social and economical threat in South Africa. It is estimated that in excess of 400 million tones of soil is lost every year in South Africa, with much…Publication Date 2008
- soil erosion
- management
- bushveld
- rangelands
- savanna
- Game Reserve
- rainfall
- restoration ecology
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe morphometrics of mandible and teeth of mixed-breed goats on rangeland were analyzed to investigate the association between the oral apparatus and diet type. Canonical relationship between sets of…Publication Date 2007
- diet
- grazing
- Mandible
- Jaw
- Incisor
- Molar teeth
- goats
- rangelands
- diet selection
- forage quality
- foraging ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordBiodiversity is a critical component of the natural environment and the protection of it often meant the displacement of local communities in developing countries. The Richtersveld National Park (…Publication Date 2007
- rangelands
- conservation
- Population crashes
- Herd recovery
- goats
- biodiversity
- socio-economic aspects
- national parks
- sheep
- pastoralism
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe reserves and homelands across South Africa share a common history of policy interventions resulting in sedentarization, villagization and formalization of communal land use. In Namaqualand, such…Publication Date 2007
- pastoralism
- Municipal commonage
- rangeland management
- Elite capture
- rangelands
- management
- communal farming
- subsistence agriculture
- policies
- land reform
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe model of a variable climate driving natural resource behaviour, use and management of rangelands in Sub-Saharan Africa has been well explored within the non-equilibrium ecology discourse. This…Publication Date 2007
- non-equilibrium
- ecology
- irrigation
- River basin management
- Tanzania
- variability
- water resources
- sustainability
- natural resources
- adaptive capacity
- rangelands
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn arid and semi-arid savannas, species diversity is strongly influenced by structural diversity, which in these systems is characteristically formed by woody vegetation. Shrub encroachment,…Publication Date 2007
- Yellow mongoose
- rangelands
- Individual-based model
- shrub encroachment
- Spatial explicit
- structural diversity
- ecosystem ecology
- savanna
- biodiversity
- mammals
- indigenous encroaching species
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe health of arid and semiarid lands needs to be monitored, particularly if they are used to produce food and fiber, and are prone to loss of vegetation cover and soil. Indicators of landscape…Publication Date 2007
- DEM
- land condition
- landscape function
- landscape metrics
- rangelands
- Vegetation patchiness
- remote sensing
- monitoring
- rangeland condition
- soil erosion
- landscape ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordClassic rangeland theory advocates stocking rangelands at relatively low and constant levels. This theory has been labelled inappropriate for savanna rangelands, because savannas are strongly…Publication Date 2007
- Bush encroachment
- Disequilibrium theory
- Opportunistic strategies
- Grass-tree interactions
- fire
- livestock production
- savanna
- rangelands
- stocking rates
- management
- modelling
- sustainability
- animal production
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis series of two papers describes a mechanistic model that simulates within years the productivity of vegetation and livestock on the communal semi-arid rangeland of the Succulent Karoo of South…Publication Date 2007
- semi-arid rangelands
- Mechanistic model
- plant growth
- diet selection
- food intake
- animal productivity
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- plant production
- animal production
- communal farming
- livestock
- management
- soil moisture
- rainfall
- runoff
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe worldwide loss of utilisable rangeland in (semi-) arid areas results in huge economic and social costs. Only adaptive management strategies are able to cope with these systems, which are mainly…Publication Date 2007
- Non-equilibrium system
- grazing
- Opportunistic management
- Resting
- semi-arid
- simulation model
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- modelling
- Economic Aspects
- management
- rainfall
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordGrazing lands in Eritrea are degraded due to decades of overstocking and consequent overgrazing. Since the rangelands are accessible to entire village communities, organisation and coordinated…Publication Date 2007
- rangelands
- degradation
- communal farming
- subsistence agriculture
- livestock
- management
- grazing
- Commercial farming
- cattle
- household income studies
- forage
- southern Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe introduce the five rangeland types found in the arid and semiarid regions of South Africa, namely Arid Savanna, Arid Grassland, Nama-karoo, Succulent Karoo, and Thicket, and describe the important…Publication Date 2006
- rangelands
- savanna
- livestock
- grazing
- management
- commercial agriculture
- subsistence agriculture
- Sustainable development
- Africa
- Library Collection Record1. Gradients of animal impact known as piospheres tend to develop around artificial watering points, particularly in arid zones. Such grazing gradients represent a potential opportunity for…Publication Date 2006
- animal impact
- piosphere
- watering points
- livestock
- species richness
- ecosystem ecology
- rangelands
- grazing
- management
- disturbance
- stocking rates
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDegradation in arid and semi-arid regions can be ascribed primarily to environmental conditions such as extreme changes in temperature and erratic rainfall patterns. Seed germination and seedling…Publication Date 2006
- Drought Stress
- polyethylene glycol (PEG)
- restoration
- rangelands
- seeds
- germination
- grasslands
- rainfall
- climate
- drought
- plant autecology
- restoration ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordScience is frequently touted as the solution to dryland management problems, yet most management decisions are, by necessity, based primarily on expert knowledge and experience. This paper describes…Publication Date 2006
- adaptive management
- ecological site descriptions
- natural resource management
- rangelands
- thresholds
- management
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDegradation in semi-arid Karoo rangelands has been ascribed to over-utilization by livestock and variations in rainfall regime. The understanding of vegetation dynamics in confined plant-herbivore…Publication Date 2006
- African wild herbivore
- Herbivore exclosure
- plant functional type
- Protected area
- vegetation monitoring
- rangelands
- rangeland condition
- vegetation dynamics
- livestock
- grazing
- land use
- national parks
- rainfall
- monitoring
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTraditional vegetative techniques to control gully development rely mainly on the effects of above ground biomass, whereas little attention has been given to the role of below ground biomass. Yet, in…Publication Date 2006
- roots
- grass
- Concentrated flow erosion
- Rill
- Gully
- Erodibility
- soil erosion
- rangelands
- hydrology
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper traces the history of grazing policy, its conceptual basis, practical implementations and outcomes, in three southern African countries. In spite of the divergent environmental conditions…Publication Date 2006
- pastoralism
- Communal land
- rangeland management
- rangeland ecology
- policies
- grazing
- communal farming
- rangelands
- management
- Sustainable development
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper revisits the debate over the relative effectiveness of 'conservative' and 'opportunistic' stocking strategies for African pastoral rangelands. The paper is based on a…Publication Date 2006
- rangelands
- cattle
- Pastoral strategy
- stocking rate
- Capital costs
- southern Africa
- Zimbabwe
- pastoralism
- stocking rates
- socio-economic aspects
- communal farming
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper forms part of a long-term study of land degradation in the Klein Seekoei valley in the Sneeuberg uplands about 30 km southwest of the town of Middelburg, South Africa (Fig. 1). Landscape…Publication Date 2006
- erosion
- Karoo
- rainfall intensity
- Stock numbers
- land degradation
- Gullies
- rainfall
- degradation
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn arid and semi-arid rangelands of sub-Saharan Africa, livestock are a central component of rural livelihoods and national economies, but their production is constrained by drought and disease, and…Publication Date 2006
- Maasai pastoralism
- Livestock development
- Livestock vaccination
- East Coast fever
- Livelihoods
- Socio-economic differentiation
- livestock
- rural areas
- pastoralism
- rangelands
- animal production
- disease
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn spite of a manager's best attempts, a managed rangeland may hit an irreversible state in which it provides neither consumptive nor nonconsumptive services to humans. Therefore, given a…Publication Date 2005
- Irreversible state
- Markov chain
- range management
- uncertainty
- rangelands
- management
- rangeland condition
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWooded rangelands are a vast grazing land resource globally, including shrublands, savannas and forested ranges. They generally provide forage year-round for small ruminants and they are vitally…Publication Date 2005
- diet selection
- Physical and chemical plant defences
- anti-quality
- grazing behaviour
- grazing
- rangelands
- savanna
- goats
- sheep
- foraging ecology
- livestock
- forage quality
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA great many debates have grown up around the notion of desertification as a process of degradation that affects the arid, semi-arid and sub-humid zones of the globe. A fundamental and continuing…Publication Date 2005
- desertification
- Paradigms
- climate
- rangeland ecology
- Livelihoods approach
- environmental policy
- rangelands
- policies
- land use
- ecology
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper reviews the predictions and management implications of two current paradigms in the ecology and management of arid and semi-arid rangelands. The equilibrium model stresses the importance…Publication Date 2005
- range condition
- overgrazing
- key resources
- rainfall variability
- heterogeneity
- Scale dependence
- Mobility
- management
- ecology
- rangelands
- modelling
- rangeland condition
- rainfall
- livestock
- stocking rates
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn evolutionary time frames, grazing by domesticated livestock on the short grass plains of East Africa is a new occurrence resulting in increased animal densities year around and modification to…Publication Date 2005
- evolutionary history of grazing
- Modified-Whittaker plots
- Serengeti ecosystem
- East Africa
- seasonal grazing
- rangelands
- savanna
- grazing
- biodiversity
- vegetation dynamics
- management
- livestock
- animal impact
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe seasonal trend in root mass, root distribution with depth and root/shoot ratios along a degradation gradient were quantified over a 2 year period (2000/01 and 2001/02 growing seasons) for a semi-…Publication Date 2005
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- water use efficiency
- plant production
- degradation
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTwo long-term mechanistic models of grazing systems in the semi-arid succulent Karoo have been used to study factors that influence vegetation changes, livestock productivity and sustainability of…Publication Date 2005
- Rangeland dynamics
- Semi-arid regions
- Vegetation Change
- Goat production
- goats
- sheep
- rainfall
- rangelands
- vegetation dynamics
- modelling
- diet selection
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA model of a plant community that is biologically reasonable and easily adaptable to economic models is presented. The model includes optimization, competition, stochastic limiting resources, and…Publication Date 2005
- plant competition
- redundancy
- invasive species
- Individual optimization
- management
- ecosystem ecology
- rangelands
- modelling
- indigenous encroaching species
- Alien invasive species
- Phytosociology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordConcerns about biodiversity preservation through grazing have revived interest in feeding choices made by herbivores. In this article, we study the dynamics of behavioural intake response in…Publication Date 2005
- foraging behaviour
- Bite
- intake rate
- sheep
- Feeding choices
- rangelands
- biodiversity
- forage quality
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract. Shrub encroachment, i.e. the increase in woody plant cover, is a major concern for livestock farming in southern Kalahari savannas. We developed a grid-based computer model simulating the…Publication Date 2004
- Acacia erioloba
- browsing
- Bush encroachment
- Savanna dynamics
- shrub invasion
- Spatial-explicit simulation model
- indigenous encroaching species
- modelling
- rangelands
- livestock
- savanna
- cattle
- fire ecology
- shrub encroachment
- stocking rates
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract Aim Wildlife and pastoral peoples have lived side-by-side in the Mara ecosystem of south-western Kenya for at least 2000 years. Recent changes in human population and landuse are…Publication Date 2004
- Kenya
- Maasai Mara
- pastoralism
- rangelands
- bomas
- livestock
- wildlife
- land use
- conservation
- national parks
- tourism
- Economic Aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLand deterioration does not occur uniformly over time or over a landscape. The differential use of preferred areas in the landscape results in uneven distribution of animal impact, and periods of…Publication Date 2004
- basal area
- continuous grazing
- patch overgrazing
- patch selection
- rotational grazing
- spatial heterogeneity
- species composition
- degradation
- animal impact
- rainfall
- grazing
- drought
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- plant production
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDuring the dormant winter period the semi-arid rangeland areas of South Africa are characterized by unplanned fires, either by lightning or negligence by man. The quantification of the impact of…Publication Date 2004
- Above-ground phytomass production
- basal cover
- Crude Protein Content
- Grass sward recovery
- Head fire
- litter
- rain-use efficiency
- root mass
- fire ecology
- rangelands
- plant production
- vegetation dynamics
- ecosystem ecology
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThere is a pressing need for an objective, repeatable, systematic and spatially explicit measure of land degradation. In northeastern South Africa (SA), there are large areas of the former homelands…Publication Date 2004
- land degradation
- NDVI values
- rangelands
- South Africa
- degradation
- land use
- remote sensing
- rainfall
- ecosystem ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA new integrated approach, involving continuum-removed absorption features, the red edge position and neural networks, is developed and applied to map grass nitrogen concentration in an African…Publication Date 2004
- Hymap imagery
- Absorption features
- Continuum removal
- red edge position
- Foliar nitrogen concentration
- Savanna rangelands
- savanna
- rangelands
- mapping
- plant production
- grasslands
- forage quality
- remote sensing
- conservation
- national parks
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSoil moisture is important information in semiarid rangelands where vegetation growth is heavily dependent on the water availability. Although many studies have been conducted to estimate moisture in…Publication Date 2004
- soil moisture
- TM imagery
- ERS-2 imagery
- rangelands
- remote sensing
- modelling
- NDVI values
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe short-term (2 years) influence of fire burning with the wind (head fire) and against the wind (back fire) on the productivity (above-ground phytomass and litter) and fire behaviour were…Publication Date 2004
- Above-ground phytomass production
- Back and head fires
- basal cover
- fuel load
- litter
- fire ecology
- rangeland condition
- rangelands
- plant production
- rainfall
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEnvironmental policies in African rangelands affect development and welfare as well as environmental measures. Biodiversity is widely perceived as declining, and environments as undergoing…Publication Date 2004
- environmental policy
- African rangelands
- Environmental discourse
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Serengeti
- Mara
- land use
- Land privatisation
- Commercial cultivation
- Biodiversity decline
- policies
- rangelands
- biodiversity
- degradation
- management
- decision support systems
- pastoralism
- system economics
- Africa