Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordIn this study we employ the TRIFFID (Top-down Representation of Interactive Flora and Foliage Including Dynamics) Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) and the Hadley Centre Atmospheric General…Publication Date 2006
- Mid-Pliocene
- vegetation
- General Circulation Model
- Top-down Representation of Interactive Flora and Foliage Including Dynamics
- Hominid
- Bipedalism
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSavannah (C4) grasses are first recorded at low latitudes in the mid-Miocene prior to their expansion towards mid-latitudes by approximately the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. In an attempt to determine…Publication Date 2006
- isotopes
- carbon
- Microwear
- Rodent
- South Africa
- Pliocene
- savanna
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSemi-arid climatic conditions were responsible for the evolution of the vast savanna that stretches across central Africa and for the evolution of placers in this area that carry gemstones, rare…Publication Date 2008
- Placer deposit
- savanna
- Gemstones
- Titanium
- Rare earth element minerals
- Zircon landform types
- Malawi
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMarine pollution is a major threat to human and environmental health. Given the complexity of function of marine and coastal ecosystems, it is unlikely that a balanced view of the nature and extent…Publication Date 2006
- environmental management
- Biomarker
- holistic
- Integrated risk assessment
- PAH
- TBT
- Organophosphorous pesticide
- biomarkers
- toxicity
- pollution
- ecosystem ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe paper brings to the fore a plethora of proven successes in agriculture and land management in Sub-Saharan Africa over the past 4 decades. Cases can be grouped into those based on agricultural…Publication Date 2008
- Sub-Saharan Africa
- agriculture
- land management
- soil and water conservation
- success
- management
- conservation
- soils
- water use efficiency
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis review discusses persistent tensions in efforts to secure land rights in Africa's drylands. Some researchers and practitioners advocate for formal, legal recognition of group rights as a…Publication Date 2008
- drylands
- Secure access
- land tenure
- Customary rights
- natural resources
- Multiple users
- Africa
- subsistence agriculture
- land use
- policies
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis article sets out to examine the extent to which the South African government's land reform programme might provide a way out of poverty for its beneficiaries. The research was undertaken…Publication Date 2006
- land reform
- Livelihoods
- poverty reduction
- assets
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe multiple benefits from livestock production to rural households are evaluated in Thorndale, a communal area of the Limpopo Province South Africa. Monetary values of livestock products are…Publication Date 2006
- Communal areas
- Direct-use value
- households
- Livelihood
- Non-marketed outputs
- policy
- cattle
- socio-economic aspects
- rural areas
- goats
- household income studies
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary In this paper, we present a method to estimate the additional costs made by nature reserve managers to mitigate the effects of atmospheric deposition. Theoretically, these extra costs may be…Publication Date 2007
- Nature target types
- Management costs
- Deposition scenarios
- grasslands
- Reed and rough land
- Heathland
- forests
- Moorland pools
- conservation
- vegetation dynamics
- Economic Aspects
- greenhouse gases
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary Protected areas such as nature reserves have been found to be effective in preventing habitat destruction and protecting ecosystems within their borders. Recent studies however found…Publication Date 2007
- Ecological isolation
- fragmentation
- protected areas
- Agricultural expansion
- Land-cover change
- biodiversity conservation
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary Ecological restoration is still perceived by many conservationists, and the majority of economists, as a diversion, a delusion, and - far worse - a waste of money. In this paper we point out…Publication Date 2006
- biodiversity
- ecological restoration
- ecosystem services
- Natural capital
- Social capital
- Sustainable development
- economics
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary Restoration of ecological processes is key to restoring the capacity of ecosystems to support social, economic, cultural and aesthetic values. The sustainability of the restored system also…Publication Date 2006
- ecosystem services
- erosion
- indicators
- landscape
- runoff
- spatial pattern
- spatial variability
- restoration ecology
- sustainability
- soils
- hydrology
- biodiversity
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary Poverty and environmental degradation seem to be endemic in many of the former homeland territories of South Africa. The political legacy of Apartheid might have ceased, but the economic and…Publication Date 2006
- conservation
- degradation
- Ecosystem goods and services
- Poverty
- restoration
- valuation
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary Robust calibration of hydrological models, driven by gridded precipitation data derived from either Regional Climate Models or statistical downscaling of General Circulation Models, is…Publication Date 2008
- groundwater
- recharge
- precipitation
- distribution
- Africa
- rainfall
- hydrology
- climate change
- soil moisture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary Vegetation indices generated from remotely sensed data have been widely used to estimate biophysical characteristics of natural vegetation and agricultural crops like aboveground productivity…Publication Date 2007
- grasslands
- surface water
- Spectral response
- vegetation indices
- Emerged biomass
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSummary The Okavango basin comprises the Cuito and Cubango active catchment areas in Angola, in addition to the Kavango-Okavango non-active catchment in northern Namibia and Botswana. The Okavango…Publication Date 2006
- Okavango River
- Livelihoods
- economic development
- Natural Environment
- Botswana
- Namibia
- Angola
- socio-economic aspects
- eco - tourism
- land use
- degradation
- ecosystem ecology
- ecosystem dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEstablishing the habitat preferences of early hominin taxa is a necessary, though difficult, requirement for understanding the interaction between environmental change and hominin evolution. The…Publication Date 2008
- paleoecology
- Animal paleocommunity
- Correspondence analysis
- Swartkrans
- Sterkfontein
- Kromdraai
- Coopers
- Faunal analysis
- palaeobotany
- palaeoecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe late Cenozoic climate of Africa is a critical component for understanding human evolution. African climate is controlled by major tectonic changes, global climate transitions, and local…Publication Date 2007
- human evolution
- Tectonics
- Orbital forcing
- Africa
- climate change
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe are attempting to set up a new protocol for palaeoecological reconstruction in relation to the fossil hominin site Laetoli, Tanzania. This is based on the premise that habitat variability in the…Publication Date 2008
- Habitat variability
- rainfall
- climate
- topography
- soil
- Hominins
- ecology
- paleoecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordReconstructing Plio-Pleistocene African paleoenvironments is important for models of early hominin evolution, but is often hampered by low-resolution or discontinuous climatic data. Here, we present…Publication Date 2007
- savanna
- Monsoon
- Walker Circulation
- Precession
- Hominin
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- palaeoenvironmental data
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordVegetation and plant foods for hominins of lowermost Bed II, Olduvai Gorge were modeled by examining vegetation in modern habitats in northern Tanzania (Lake Manyara, Ngorongoro, Serengeti) that are…Publication Date 2007
- Hominin
- diet
- Plant foods
- Paleoenvironment
- Serengeti
- Ngorongoro
- Manyara
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordGladysvale Cave is one of the few Plio-Pleistocene hominin-bearing cave sites in South Africa that contains a well-stratified cave fill with clastic sediments interspersed with flowstones. The…Publication Date 2007
- Cave sediments
- Chronostratigraphy
- Flowstone bounded units
- Uranium-thorium dating
- South African caves
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPlio-Pleistocene East African grassland expansion and faunal macroevolution, including that of our own lineage, are attributed to global climate change. To further understand environmental factors of…Publication Date 2007
- Paleogeography
- savannas
- East Africa
- carbon isotopes
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe emergence of C4 grass biomes is believed to have first taken place in the upper Miocene, when a series of events modified global climate with long-lasting impacts on continental biotas. Changes…Publication Date 2007
- Miocene
- Pliocene
- Paleosols
- Tooth enamel
- Ratite eggshell
- grasslands
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPaleosol carbonates from trenches excavated as part of a landscape-scale project in Bed I of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, were analyzed for stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition. The ~60,000-year…Publication Date 2007
- Paleoclimate
- Paleosols
- Olduvai Gorge
- Paleolandscape
- Early hominins
- palaeoecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordGlobal climate change, linked to astronomical forcing factors, has been implicated in faunal evolutionary change in equatorial Africa, including the origin and diversification of hominin lineages.…Publication Date 2007
- Hominin evolution
- Pliocene
- East Africa
- Baringo
- Tugen Hills
- Precession
- Orbitally forced climate change
- Diatoms
- palaeobotany
- climate change
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe environmental contexts of the karstic hominin sites in South Africa have been established largely by means of faunal associations; taken together these data suggest a trend from relatively closed…Publication Date 2007
- Environmental change
- grasslands
- [delta]13C
- Fossil enamel
- Plio-Pleistocene
- South Africa
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSeveral stable carbon isotopic studies have shown that South African australopiths consumed significant quantities of C4 resources (tropical grasses, sedges, or animals that eat those foods), but…Publication Date 2006
- Carbon isotope
- Chimpanzee
- Baboon
- Hominin
- C4
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe investigated palaeoclimatic change in the Turkana Basin during the Pliocene climatic shift toward increased aridity in Africa. We analyzed the palaeoecology of this area using mammal faunas as…Publication Date 2006
- Pliocene
- Pleistocene
- Ethiopia
- Kenya
- Palaeoclimatology
- palaeoecology
- biome
- Mammalian communities
- Mammalia
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAims of the study Several species of the stapeliads, a group of stem succulents belonging to the family Apocynaceae are reported on in the ethnopharmacology literature and many of the references…Publication Date 2008
- Apocynaceae
- Appetite suppressant
- Ghaap
- Hoodia gordonii
- Stapelieae
- Ethnobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEthnopharmacological relevance In South Africa, tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most commonly notified disease and the fifth largest cause of mortality, with one in ten…Publication Date 2008
- Antimycobacterial
- Mycobacterium
- South Africa
- Tuberculosis
- medicinal plants
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSutherlandia frutescens (tribe Galegeae, Fabaceae), a popular plant in traditional medicine, is indigenous to South Africa, Lesotho, southern Namibia and southeastern Botswana. It is chemically,…Publication Date 2008
- Biosystematics
- Chemical Compounds
- Ethnobotany
- medicinal plants
- Pharmacology
- southern Africa
- Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br.
- Traditional uses
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIt is probable that plants of the genus Sceletium (Mesembryanthemaceae) have been used as masticatories and for the relief of thirst and hunger, to combat fatigue, as medicines, and for social and…Publication Date 2008
- Alkaloid
- Ethnobotany
- Mesembryanthemaceae
- Sceletium
- medicinal plants
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEthnopharmacological context Cape herbal medicine as a distinct and unique healing system is conceptualized for the first time, together with a first compilation of the authentic materia medica of…Publication Date 2008
- Cape herbal medicine
- Ethnobotany
- Khoikhoi
- medicinal plants
- San
- South Africa
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAim of the study Livestock keepers in many developing countries with restricted access to orthodox veterinary healthcare services commonly use traditional remedies to treat their animals when disease…Publication Date 2008
- Ethnoveterinary medicine
- Livestock disease
- South Africa
- Traditional remedies
- medicinal plants
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThere are many individuals in the Bredasdorp/Elim area who still use plants as medicines to treat many conditions. This study aimed to document some of this knowledge and present an inventory of all…Publication Date 2006
- South Africa
- Southern Overberg
- Ethnobotanical survey
- medicinal plants
- questionnaires
- Ethnobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper reports an assessment of the current and potential impacts of invasive alien plants on selected ecosystem services in South Africa. We used data on the current and potential future…Publication Date 2008
- biodiversity
- Fynbos
- grassland
- grazing
- groundwater
- hydrology
- Karoo
- savanna
- water yield
- Alien invasive species
- ecosystem services
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper derives the optimal level of restorative efforts required to restore environments degraded by invasive species invasion. Specific attention is focused on a case when restoration faces the…Publication Date 2008
- Environmental restoration
- resilience
- Restoration failure
- invasive species
- restoration ecology
- invasive plants
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPlant invasions are a serious threat to natural and semi-natural ecosystems worldwide. Most management-orientated research on invasions focuses on invaders that are already widespread and often have…Publication Date 2007
- biological invasions
- invasive alien plants
- Emerging plant invaders
- Bioclimatic modelling
- Potential distribution
- Alien invasive species
- biodiversity
- landscape ecology
- management
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe importance of wild edible herbaceous species to resource poor households in most rural economies within savannas has been little studied. This is because most of the herbs grow in impoverished…Publication Date 2007
- biodiversity
- cultivation
- food security
- Impoverished lands
- NTFPs
- savanna
- Poverty
- household income studies
- rural areas
- socio-economic aspects
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper analyses the role of institutions in the management of common pool resources (CPRs) in semi-arid Tanzania. Common property regimes have often been considered inadequate for the management…Publication Date 2007
- Common pool resources
- Common property regimes
- natural resource management
- institutions
- management
- communal farming
- socio-economic aspects
- degradation
- household income studies
- Sustainable development
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSemi-structured focus group interviews were employed to examine factors that affect the likelihood that resource managers in southern Africa will use information on vegetation fires provided by two…Publication Date 2007
- MODIS
- fire
- Utility
- Validation
- management
- satellite imagery
- remote sensing
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSemi-arid areas are often considered to be environmentally and economically marginal, a situation which has been exacerbated by economic change, shifts in agricultural production and land use, and…Publication Date 2008
- Dry land degradation
- Economic decline
- Livestock trends
- population change
- Small towns
- rangelands
- Economic Aspects
- livestock
- agriculture
- socio-economic aspects
- politics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNamibian rangelands are encroached with Acacia mellifera, partially resulting from a poor understanding of vegetation dynamics. A conceptual state-and-transition model of vegetation dynamics in the…Publication Date 2008
- fire
- hazards
- management
- opportunities
- state-and-transition
- savanna
- indigenous encroaching species
- bush thickening
- rainfall
- seed banks
- vegetation dynamics
- plant autecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThere is an urgent need for quantitative methods by which actual, as opposed to potential degradation can be mapped using spatially consistent criteria for large regions. This study tested the Local…Publication Date 2008
- AVHRR
- Communal lands
- desertification
- Local NPP scaling
- rangelands
- South Africa
- communal farming
- remote sensing
- degradation
- mapping
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe tested the scaling effects of proximate desertification drivers (i.e. soil erosion, bush encroachment and grazing pressure) on soil nutrients in northeastern Tanzania. We analyzed nutrient…Publication Date 2008
- Desertified landscapes
- Dysfunctional landscapes
- Proximate desertification drivers
- soil nutrients
- Tanzaniadesertification
- erosion
- grazing
- indigenous encroaching species
- desertification
- landscape ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordBush encroachment is a phenomenon that affects semi-arid savannas world-wide. To apply effective browsing to control trees, the browse-browser interaction must be well understood. An important aspect…Publication Date 2008
- Bush encroachment
- Delayed induced response
- Growth-defence tradeoff
- herbivory
- Plant defence
- savanna
- indigenous encroaching species
- plant autecology
- fertilizer
- irrigation
- forage quality
- foraging ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper provides a reappraisal of contemporary perspectives on climate change in southern Africa's Okavango Delta sub-region by drawing on time-line evidence from historical/archival records…Publication Date 2008
- Bush-encroachment
- desiccation
- deterioration
- Human interventions
- wetland
- climate change
- remote sensing
- hydrology
- rainfall
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordDespite the ubiquity of sub-tropical savannas throughout the earth, limitations of savanna productivity are understudied relative to other terrestrial systems. The limitations of savanna productivity…Publication Date 2008
- grass
- nitrogen
- phosphorus
- savanna
- rainfall
- soil nutrients
- plant production
- plant autecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordNo abstract availablePublication Date 2007
- agriculture
- soils
- Soil Condition
- grazing
- rangeland condition
- ecosystem dynamics
- Africa
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