Rangeland Ecology & Management
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- Library Collection RecordThe origin of the grassy habit during the Eocene and the development of C4 grasses during the Miocene/Pliocene boundary are discussed before the origin of primary and secondary grassland in Eurasia…Publication Date 2002
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAbstract Species diversity and community structure indices (richness, diversity and evenness) are typically derived from contemporary biological survey atlases to identify conservation areas or to…Publication Date 2002
- biodiversity
- conservation
- ecosystem ecology
- modelling
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSouthernmost Africa (here meaning South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland) provides an excellent opportunity for investigating the relations between farming, herding and hunting-gathering communities…Publication Date 2005
- palaeobotany
- palaeoenvironmental data
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordFossil plants and terrestrial gastropods collected by the Uganda Palaeontology Expedition at Bukwa site I in 1997 and 1998, throw light on the palaeoenvironmental conditions that characterised the…Publication Date 2002
- Early Miocene
- palaeoenvironment
- grassland ecosystem
- terrestrial gastropods
- palaeosols
- volcanic ashes
- Uganda
- Miocène inférieur
- paléoenvironnement
- savane
- gastéropodes terrestres
- Paleosols
- cendres volcaniques
- Ouganda
- palaeobotany
- palaeoecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLivelihood security in Eastern and Southern Africa is strongly dependent on rainfall distribution and land management practices among smallholder farmers. Over 95 % of the land used for food…Publication Date 2000
- rainfall
- land use
- management
- subsistence agriculture
- hydrology
- runoff
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe Western Cape Province of South Africa has a long history of human occupation and utilisation; the impact of colonial settlement (late 17th century onwards) on agriculture has been especially…Publication Date 2003
- soil erosion
- soil conservation
- Land use policy
- Environmental history
- South Africa
- conservation
- land use
- agriculture
- degradation
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn this volume in honour of John Rogers we propose a new way of looking at Gondwana and we urge our colleagues everywhere to join us in this venture. The Gondwana Alive Corridors provide a way of…Publication Date 2003
- Gondwana Alive Corridors
- Sixth Extinction
- biodiversity
- consilience
- Earth System Science
- palaeobotany
- ecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMorphological and biogeochemical evidence suggest that australopithecines had diets markedly different from those of extant great apes. Stable carbon isotope analysis, for example, has shown that…Publication Date 2003
- Australopithecines
- C4 photosynthesis
- Stable carbon isotopes
- Early hominids
- Paleodiets
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe long-term Quaternary vegetation and climate history in South Africa's savanna biome since ca. 190,000 yr BP, is elucidated by the palynological record of lake sediments in the Tswaing Crater…Publication Date 1999
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe eastern margins of the Great Karoo, South Africa, represent a transition zone between the semi-arid shrublands of the Karoo to the west and the moister grasslands of the east. For this reason,…Publication Date 2002
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordCommon understanding of the causes of land-use and land-cover change is dominated by simplifications which, in turn, underlie many environment-development policies. This article tracks some of the…Publication Date 2001
- land use
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection Record13C/12C ratios in plants depend on factors like temperature, evaporation or seasonal moisture distribution. Fluctuations of 13C/12C in Procavia capensis (hyrax) dung samples from different vegetation…Publication Date 2000
- hyrax
- dung deposits
- stable carbon isotope
- Late Quaternary
- Vegetation Change
- palaeobotany
- palaeoenvironmental data
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordEstimates of the value of carbon sequestration services provided by a savanna ecosystem and of the value of water for the supply of a number of environmental goods and services are developed in a…Publication Date 2000
- carbon sequestration
- Marginal values
- Water value
- Ecological-economic modeling
- economics
- ecology
- modelling
- grasslands
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordMiombo woodlands are crucial to the livelihoods of rural people throughout southern, eastern and central Africa. This paper describes a dynamic simulation model of key ecological processes in miombo…Publication Date 2000
- management
- economics
- ecosytem ecology
- grazing
- fire
- grasslands
- carbon sequestration
- hydrology
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordSediments from Sacred Lake and Lake Nkunga on the northeastern flank of Mount Kenya have a sequential palaeoclimatic and palæoenvironmental record covering most of the Late Quaternary period: from…Publication Date 1999
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA diverse assemblage of terrestrial plant palynomorphs is reported from Koingnaas, a site in the Namaqualand region of the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. In excess of one hundred palynomorph…Publication Date 2001
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAssessing the impacts of climatic and, in particular, land use changes on rates of soil erosion by water is the objective of many national and international research projects. However, over the last…Publication Date 2003
- gully erosion
- climate change
- land use change
- sediment yield
- techniques
- thresholds
- Flow hydraulics
- rainfall
- topography
- soils
- infiltration
- drainage
- models
- erosion control
- connectivity
- land use
- erosion
- runoff
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordGullied and ungullied catchments in four areas of deeply weathered saprolite in the Middle Veld of Swaziland can be successfully separated (p<0.01) using discriminant analysis based on area and…Publication Date 2003
- gully erosion
- thresholds
- discriminant analysis
- Swaziland
- land use
- soil erosion
- rangelands
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPleistocene to Holocene as well as recent trends in climate have an influence on the composition of savanna-forest vegetation fringes in Africa, dominated mainly by savanna (C4) and mainly forest (C3…Publication Date 2002
- Holocene
- palaeoenvironment
- Rainforest-savanna boundary
- Fluvial dynamics
- Alluvial soils
- Central Africa
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIn the Otjiwarongo region (Northern Namibia), Vertisol-Kastanozem-Calcisol soil associations occur as patches of several hundred hectares in extent. They have formed in fine-grained Mid-Holocene…Publication Date 2002
- Kastanozems
- Namibia
- soil erosion
- Environmental change
- Holocene
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe paper begins by examining the importance of southern African Quaternary environmental change. The Quaternary is characterised by repeated climatic changes of considerable amplitude; analysis of…Publication Date 2001
- Quaternary
- Landform evolution
- Environmental change
- human impact
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- palaeoecology
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordWe use a dynamic stochastic simulation model of forage, herbivores, predators and domestic livestock in the Machakos District of Kenya to address policies related to the multiple use of rangeland…Publication Date 1997
- policies
- grazing
- livestock
- land use
- rangelands
- Traditional management
- commercial agriculture
- conservation
- pastoralism
- Forage Quantity
- drought
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTo account for the failure of state-driven development projects, policy makers and planners have tended to blame communal farmers for adhering to outmoded traditional values and practices.…Publication Date 1998
- culture
- politics
- land
- development
- tradition
- modernity
- hybridity
- socio-economic aspects
- land use
- management
- Sustainable development
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper draws on recent empirical studies of changing land and water use in semi-arid Africa to identify socioeconomic and political dynamics and discusses their implications for current policy…Publication Date 2003
- Decentralization
- land tenure
- Mali
- Kenya
- Botswana
- South Africa
- land reform
- land use
- socio-economic aspects
- politics
- policies
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIt is claimed that high returns can be achieved from hunting and ecotourism operations. As a result wildlife production is a rapidly growing form of land-use in South Africa. Lately, rural African…Publication Date 2002
- Economies of scale
- Wildlife production
- livestock production
- Savannah land-use
- land use
- game farming
- commercial agriculture
- livestock
- Economic Aspects
- eco - tourism
- subsistence agriculture
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordData from stalagmites in the Makapansgat Valley, South Africa, document regional climatic change in southern Africa in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. A new TIMS U-series dated stalagmite…Publication Date 2003
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe distribution of pollen in marine sediments is used to reconstruct pathways of terrigenous input to the oceans and provides a record of vegetation change on adjacent continents. The wind transport…Publication Date 2003
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAcocks measured representative sites of good condition grassland in the 1940's that were re-sampled approximately 50 years later in order to compare the effect of commercial versus communal…Publication Date 2003
- grasslands
- land use
- commercial agriculture
- communal farming
- grazing
- forage quality
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLand-use practices can impact on bird populations. This study set out to explain why the helmeted guineafowl, Numida meleagris (Linnaeus 1766; Aves: Numididae) declined in the Midlands of KwaZulu-…Publication Date 1999
- Helmeted guineafowl
- Land-use patterns
- Pesticides
- Maize agriculture
- KwaZulu-Natal
- Edge distance
- birds
- conservation
- biodiversity
- savanna
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper presents an overview of the current status, problems and prospects for achieving a better nutrient balance to support varying levels of productivity from the three major livestock systems…Publication Date 1998
- livestock systems
- nutrient management
- Nutrient depletion
- Sub-Saharan Africa
- grazing
- monitoring
- management
- forage quality
- Economic Aspects
- land use
- socio-economic aspects
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordLittle is known regarding the effects of land use on soil organic matter status and earthworm communities in South African soils. For that reason the effects of the main agricultural land uses in the…Publication Date 2003
- earthworms
- Soil organic C
- microbial biomass
- pastures
- Arable crops
- forests
- Oxisols
- South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal
- Soil Condition
- soil fertility
- invertebrates
- agriculture
- management
- land use
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA study on grasshopper assemblage response to seasonal grazing, rotational grazing, continuous resting and continuous grazing was undertaken in the eastern Karoo, South Africa. Rotationally-grazed…Publication Date 2003
- seasonal grazing
- rotational grazing
- Karoo
- grasshoppers
- South Africa
- plant production
- insects
- grazing
- land use
- rangelands
- biodiversity
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTransformation of natural vegetation to other land-uses, such as crop cultivation and urban development, presents the most important threat to biodiversity. Plant and animal species distribution data…Publication Date 2003
- Land transformation
- Biodiversity risk
- arable land
- conservation
- species richness
- biodiversity
- land reform
- land use
- policies
- management
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordIndicators of land quality (LQIs) are being developed as a means to better coordinate actions on land related issues, such as land degradation. Economic and social indicators are already in regular…Publication Date 2000
- Land quality
- land use
- land management
- land degradation
- monitoring
- management
- decision support systems
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordAn assessment of changes in soil properties associated with land-use and management practices is vital for the selection and establishment of appropriate sustainable practices under different…Publication Date 2001
- land-use
- continuous cropping
- organic matter
- fallow
- soil properties
- land use
- management
- Abandoned lands
- soils
- soil nutrients
- soil moisture
- soil fertility
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe concept of desertification has recently been re-evaluated with two major outcomes. Firstly, the term itself has been reviewed, with most authors concluding that the emotive implications of [`]…Publication Date 1995
- dryland degradation
- stocking rates
- grazing
- land use
- Vegetation Change
- conceptual model
- management
- ecosytem ecology
- vegetation dynamics
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe biodiversity convention aims at conserving biodiversity and guaranteeing fair and sustainable human use of biodiversity. The convention further requires that the causes of biodiversity decline…Publication Date 1999
- biodiversity
- climate change
- Earth system modelling
- global change
- Scenarios
- land use
- modelling
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordTo provide information on the nature of the plant food diet probably available to Australopithecus africanus in the Makapansgat area, under climatic conditions similar to those at present, wild plant…Publication Date 1981
- Makapansgat
- Wild Plant Foods
- Early Hominid Niche
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe stable carbon isotope ratio of fossil tooth enamel carbonate is determined by the photosynthetic systems of plants at the base of the animal's foodweb. In subtropical Africa, grasses and…Publication Date 2003
- Australopithecines
- South Africa
- carbon isotopes
- diet
- C4 plants
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordStudies of the auriferous Witwatersrand placers and associated rocks have revealed that certain palaeo-environments, especially braided fluvial, are particularly well represented in this part of the…Publication Date 1998
- palaeo-environments
- gold placers
- pre-vegetation
- braided streams
- Witwatersrand
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPhytolith investigations of surface soil samples and of soil profiles from rain forest soils of northeastern and eastern D.R. Congo (former Zaire, tropical humid Africa) and from a grass-covered Bas-…Publication Date 1999
- opal phytoliths
- Central Africa
- Vegetation history
- phytolith classification
- phytolith spectra
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordModern soil samples from Western Uganda, from a range of ten plant communities belonging to five African phytogeographical regions and distributed along an altitudinal gradient from 650 m (grass…Publication Date 1997
- palaeobotany
- palynology
- modern pollen spectra
- vegetation communities
- altitudinal and physiognomical gradient
- Correspondence analysis
- Western Uganda
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordA new diatom record from Lake Victoria's Pilkington Bay, subsampled at 21- to 25-year intervals and supported by 20 AMS dates, reveals a ~10,000 calendar year environmental history that is…Publication Date 2003
- Africa
- Diatoms
- Lake Victoria
- Monsoons
- Paleoclimate
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe reconstruction of African tropical grassland history during the late Holocene can be carried out using phytolith analysis. Fossil phytolith assemblages from Lake Guiers, in the Sahelian region of…Publication Date 1997
- phytoliths
- tracers
- Paleoenvironment
- Holocene
- savannas
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe age-constrained pollen data of a sedimentary sequence from the crater Lake Masoko, southern Tanzania (9°20'S, 33°45'E, 770 m), display a continuous record of vegetation for the past…Publication Date 2003
- palaeobotany
- pollen
- Late Holocene
- southern Tanzania
- Zambezian woodland
- climate change
- human activity
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordStomatal size and density were measured from graminoid cuticular fragments extracted from dated sediments in two tropical-montane crater lakes on Mount Kenya. The sediments had been dated in other…Publication Date 2002
- stomata
- CO2
- glacial-interglacial transition
- grasses
- Mount Kenya
- East Africa
- Late Quaternary
- palaeobotany
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordPollen evidence suggests that grasslands were well established in southern Africa by the Late Tertiary. Evidence for grassland composition in the region during the Quaternary includes published…Publication Date 2002
- C3/C4 grasses
- Last Glacial Maximum
- pollen
- phytoliths
- isotopes
- palaeobotany
- palaeoclimate
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper examines the melding of two discourses in southeastern Zimbabwe: land reform and wildlife management. The former seeks to redistribute large, [`]under-utilized' landholdings to…Publication Date 2004
- Zimbabwe
- wildlife management
- land reform
- Campfire
- political ecology
- Lowveld
- Community based natural resource management
- management
- conservation
- land use
- socio-economic aspects
- politics
- wildlife
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThis paper investigates the ways in which national and regional policies relate to farming activities and concerns amongst the rural population in an area of southern Africa. The struggle to make a…Publication Date 2004
- Smallholder agriculture
- Rural livelihoods
- drylands
- diversification
- southern Africa
- policies
- subsistence agriculture
- rural areas
- socio-economic aspects
- Poverty
- land use
- land reform
- Africa
- Library Collection RecordThe amount and quality of inputs into soil organic matter will be altered by both climate and landuse change. The increase in growth of plants caused by increasing CO2 concentration implies not only…Publication Date 1997
- elevated carbon dioxide
- Decomposition
- organic residues
- secondary chemicals
- soil organic carbon
- climate change
- land use
- plant autecology
- carbon dioxide
- modelling
- ecosystem dynamics
- ecosystem ecology
- plant production
- management
- Africa