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The new species Streptocarpus lilliputana (Gesneriaceae), collected on the Pondoland coast, South Africa, is described. Although its alliances are not obvious in terms of corolla morphology and rosulate habit, it approaches S. gardenii and its allies. The pollen and stigma of S. lilliputana differ markedly from the stenopalynous grains and bilobed stigmas of the other South African rosulate species. Streptocarpus lilliputana is exceedingly rare and is a further endemic from the Pondoland centre.