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This study examines the trends and factors influencing Stylosanthes seed production in Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, a region characterized by arid conditions and low rainfall. The area under Stylosanthes cultivation increased significantly from 2011 to 2020, driven by its drought tolerance and suitability for rainfed lands. However, irrigated areas declined as farmers opted for more lucrative crops. Seed production showed a seven-fold increase, while seed yield and selling price exhibited minimal and volatile changes, respectively. The study highlights the importance of policy support and technological improvements to stabilize and enhance Stylosanthes seed production. Market volatility and government demand fluctuations were identified as key factors affecting seed prices. Overall, the research underscores the potential of Stylosanthes as a resilient crop for arid regions.