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This paper examines two case studies of ecosystem restoration in arid and semi-arid regions of the Near East and North Africa (NENA). The first study evaluates the economic benefits of rangeland restoration in Jordan using the traditional "Al-Hima" system, a community-based approach to sustainable grazing management. A cost-benefit analysis revealed that Al-Hima restoration increased forage production, groundwater infiltration, and carbon sequestration, resulting in a positive benefit-cost ratio of 2:1. The second study analyzes a silvopastoral restoration project in Tunisia, where the integration of trees and shrubs with livestock grazing led to increased biomass production, improved ground cover, and enhanced water use efficiency. This project also demonstrated socioeconomic benefits through reduced livestock feeding costs. Both case studies emphasize the importance of community engagement, sustainable land management practices, and the integration of ecological and socioeconomic considerations in successful ecosystem restoration initiatives.