Responses in forage growth and botanical composition of pastures may differ according to the species of animals being grazed and the closeness and frequency of grazing. Cattle (Bos taurus) are less adapted to graze individual plant parts (leaves vs. stems) selectively than are sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus), or horses (Equis caballus). Different grazing intensities may affect the growth form of forage plants over time. Animal dung and urine can have differing effects depending upon the stocking rate. The input is usually positive at low stocking rates, but can be detrimental at high stocking rates. Some forage species have shown increased growth in response to chemicals in animal saliva and this may explain some of the differences seen between simulated and actual grazing. Matches suggests that incorporation of animal defoliation in the early phases of forage evaluation is recommended for characterizing plant responses to grazing livestock.
Citations and enhanced abstracts for journals articles and documents focused on rangeland ecology and management. RSIS is a collaboration between Montana State University, University of Idaho, and University of Wyoming.