In pastures grazed by cattle (Bos taurus), elk (Cervus elaphus) used forested areas, draws, spur ridges, steep slopes, and higher elevations more than in ungrazed pastures. Elk avoided pastures when cattle were present and chose rested pastures four out of the five years after beginning the rest-rotation grazing system. Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were found at higher elevations and used draws more often in rested pastures compared to grazed pastures. Mule deer chose pastures that had previously been grazed that season, while avoiding the rested pastures and areas where cattle were present. In each additional year following the application of the rest-rotation system, cattle progressively used steeper slopes and higher elevations.
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